K SC The second quantum revolution is not only a scientific and technological transformation but also a profound governance challenge. As quantum technologies move from laboratory demonstrations to strategic assets, states and international institutions face urgent questions about security, sovereignty, standards, supply chains, and ethical deployment. This third volume in the series examines the emerging field of quantum governance through the lenses of international relations, science and technology studies, and digital sovereignty. It analyses the competitive dynamics between major powers, the risks of quantum-enabled disruption to existing security architectures, and the opportunities for more equitable global regimes. Particular attention is given to the position of the Global South and to the institutional innovations required to prevent a quantum divide that mirrors or deepens existing inequalities. The paper argues for a multi-layered governance architecture that combines arms-control-like mechanisms for quantum capabilities with proactive investment in inclusive quantum infrastructure and norms. Also available on Academia.edu: https://www.academia.edu/attachments/133209098/download_file?s=portfolio
K SC The second quantum revolution is not only a scientific and technological transformation but also a profound governance challenge. As quantum technologies move from laboratory demonstrations to strategic assets, states and international institutions face urgent questions about security, sovereignty, standards, supply chains, and ethical deployment. This third volume in the series examines the emerging field of quantum governance through the lenses of international relations, science and technology studies, and digital sovereignty. It analyses the competitive dynamics between major powers, the risks of quantum-enabled disruption to existing security architectures, and the opportunities for more equitable global regimes. Particular attention is given to the position of the Global South and to the institutional innovations required to prevent a quantum divide that mirrors or deepens existing inequalities. The paper argues for a multi-layered governance architecture that combines arms-control-like mechanisms for quantum capabilities with proactive investment in inclusive quantum infrastructure and norms. Also available on Academia.edu: https://www.academia.edu/attachments/133209098/download_file?s=portfolio
The second quantum revolution represents a seminal rupture in global governance, international relations, and socio-economic organization. As quantum computing, communication, and sensing technologies transition from laboratory prototypes to strategic national assets, traditional classical and Newtonian regulatory frameworks are proving fundamentally ill-equipped to address their non-local, probabilistic, and dual-use nature. This report synthesizes the epistemological shift from substance-based to relational, quantum-coherent ontologies, proposing a new framework for "quantum-coherent governance" that embraces relational complexity and adaptive uncertainty. By analyzing the divergent evolutionary trajectories of the United States, China, Germany/EU, Japan, South Korea, and Russia, the analysis highlights the emergence of trilateral security alignments and the critical risks posed by a potential "quantum splinternet." The report concludes that without inclusive, multi-layered institutional architectures, the transition to fault-tolerant, utility-scale quantum deployment threatens to entrench global epistemic injustice and asymmetric geopolitical vulnerabilities. KSCCN Mamun, SM (2026) ………………………………………….1 A Comprehensive Theory of Quantum Governance: Ontological Shifts, Multipolar Evolutionary Trajectories, and Future Scenarios in the Second Quantum Revolution (Vol-V) Also available on Academia.edu: https://www.academia.edu/attachments/133194537/download_file?s=portfolio
This eighth volume in the KSCCN Series addresses the profound implications of quantum computing for sovereign AI systems. As quantum computers advance toward cryptographically relevant scale, they threaten to undermine the cryptographic foundations upon which current AI infrastructure, secure communications, and agentic systems depend. Simultaneously, quantum technologies offer new capabilities for machine learning, optimisation, and simulation that could enhance sovereign AI if harnessed appropriately. This volume provides a comprehensive analysis of the quantum transition for sovereign AI, examining post-quantum cryptography migration strategies, quantum-enhanced AI opportunities and risks, and the information-geometric extensions of quantum information theory to privacy and epistemic sovereignty. It analyses how quantum threats and opportunities intersect with the agentic systems examined in Volume VI and the implementation strategies developed in Volume VII. Special attention is given to Global South contexts, where the quantum transition presents both risks of renewed technological dependency and opportunities for strategic leapfrogging. The volume develops recommendations for quantum-resilient sovereign AI architectures that protect epistemic assets while enabling beneficial quantum-enhanced capabilities. Also available on Academia.edu: https://www.academia.edu/attachments/133307508/download_file?s=portfolio
Quantum technologies are increasingly moving from specialist laboratories into the strategic agenda of governments, industries, and international organisations. Quantum computing, quantum communication, and quantum sensing are expected to reshape cybersecurity, scientific discovery, industrial productivity, public infrastructure, and national competitiveness. Yet the same technologies also raise complex governance challenges, including cryptographic vulnerability, dual-use risks, technological inequality, workforce shortages, procurement uncertainty, and the concentration of innovation capacity in a small number of advanced economies. This article develops an adaptive public administration framework for responsible quantum technology governance. Using qualitative document-based policy analysis, the study examines international policy documents, responsible innovation literature, quantum technology roadmaps, post-quantum cryptography guidance, and emerging governance principles. The article argues that quantum technologies should not be governed only as technical artefacts or national security assets, but also as public policy objects whose societal consequences require anticipatory, inclusive, and institutionally coordinated governance. The proposed Quantum Public Administration Governance Framework consists of five interrelated dimensions: foresight and anticipatory intelligence, cybersecurity and cryptographic readiness, institutional coordination, responsible innovation and public value, and equity-oriented capacity building. The findings suggest that public administrations need to build quantum literacy, establish cross-sector coordination mechanisms, prepare digital infrastructure for post-quantum risks, support ethical and socially beneficial innovation, and prevent the emergence of a global and domestic quantum divide. The article contributes to public administration scholarship by translating the technical uncertainty of quantum technologies into a governance agenda that is relevant for policy makers, public managers, and emerging economies seeking to participate responsibly in the second quantum revolution.
Quantum technologies are rapidly emerging as a transformative force with profound implications for critical infrastructures, national security, and global governance. Quantum computing, quantum communications, and quantum sensing promise unprecedented advances in data processing, secure communications, and environmental and infrastructure monitoring. At the same time, their disruptive potential introduces new ethical, security, and geopolitical risks, particularly for systems that underpin modern societies such as energy networks, telecommunications, finance, transportation, and defence infrastructures. This paper examines the governance of quantum technologies for critical infrastructures, moving from ethical impact assessment to the formulation of coherent national strategies. The study argues that the unique characteristics of quantum technologies — including their high degree of complexity, dual-use nature, and capacity to undermine existing cryptographic and security frameworks — require a shift from reactive regulation to anticipatory and responsible governance. Traditional regulatory approaches are insufficient to address the speed, uncertainty, and strategic relevance of quantum innovation. Instead, the paper emphasizes the need to integrate ethical impact assessment, risk analysis, and societal considerations at the earliest stages of research, development, and deployment. Ethical governance is presented not as a constraint on innovation, but as a foundational element for ensuring trust, resilience, and long-term sustainability. The analysis situates quantum governance within a broader geopolitical context, highlighting how major global actors are investing in quantum capabilities as strategic assets. This competition increases the urgency for coordinated governance frameworks that balance technological sovereignty, security, and international cooperation. Particular attention is given to the protection of critical infrastructures and the transition towards quantum-safe systems, especially in the field of cybersecurity and secure communications. Finally, the paper outlines the implications for national and European strategies, stressing the importance of multi-level governance involving governments, international organisations, industry, and research institutions. It concludes that only a holistic approach — combining ethical foresight, anticipatory governance, and strategic planning — can ensure that quantum technologies enhance societal resilience and security rather than exacerbate systemic vulnerabilities. In this sense, quantum governance becomes a central component of future national strategies for critical infrastructure protection and technological leadership.
Quantum sovereignty—the capacity of a state or polity to develop, deploy, control, and secure quantum technologies and their enabling ecosystems without undue external dependency—has emerged as a central concern of technology governance. Building on the strategic signals of programmes such as the U.S. QuantumEAGLe initiative and on existing digital-sovereignty and post-quantum cryptography (PQC) frameworks, this paper proposes a multi-dimensional Quantum Sovereignty Benchmark Framework (QSBF). The framework comprises six pillars (Cryptographic Resilience, Compute & Hardware Optionality, Supply-Chain Sovereignty, Talent & Knowledge Base, Standards & Normative Influence, and Governance & Institutional Capacity), each populated with measurable indicators and illustrative maturity levels. Pros and cons of the proposed approach are examined, and the framework is systematically compared with NIST PQC standards, European digital/cloud sovereignty instruments, emerging academic treatments of quantum sovereignty, and broader digital-sovereignty indices. The paper concludes that while no single global standard yet exists for quantum sovereignty, a transparent, modular, and graduated set of benchmarks can support self-assessment, peer learning, and more equitable international dialogue. Also available on Academia.edu: https://www.academia.edu/attachments/133573785/download_file?s=portfolio
K SC The convergence of quantum computing and artificial intelligence represents one of the most consequential technological developments of the twenty-first century. This fourth volume examines the distinct yet interconnected trajectories of quantum-AI integration in three leading powers: the United States, China, and Germany. Through comparative analysis of national strategies, research ecosystems, industrial policy, and geopolitical positioning, the paper identifies three distinct models of convergence: the market-driven, defence-oriented model of the United States; the state-directed, civil-military fusion model of China; and the collaborative, standards-focused, and ethically oriented model of Germany within the European Union framework. These models are not merely technical choices but reflect deeper differences in political economy, epistemic cultures, and visions of global order. The analysis concludes with reflections on the implications of this tri-polar dynamic for smaller and middle powers, including the Global South, and outlines principles for more inclusive and stable quantum-AI governance. Also available on Academia.edu: https://www.academia.edu/attachments/133209089/download_file?s=portfolio