摘要:狭义相对论与量子力学是当代物理学的两大支柱。狭义相对论描述高速运动粒子的运动学,以光速不变和洛伦兹变换为出发点;量子力学描述微观世界的粒子行为,以波函数和薛定谔方程为核心。两者各自取得了惊人的经验成功,但它们基于不同的概念基础和数学结构,彼此之间的逻辑关系并不清楚。本文尝试从一个不同的方向出发,为这两个理论之间的逻辑关系提供一种新的理解。这个方向的出发点是“存在的本质是不均匀”这一核心命题,以及在此基础上建立的涟漪图像,“物质波是时空不均匀性的局域涟漪”。在涟漪框架中,能量被重新定义为时间不均匀性的度量E=h/∇t。狭义相对论的时间膨胀、长度收缩、质能等价、相对论能量-动量关系、光速极限和洛伦兹协变性,均可以从涟漪的三个基本属性,能量与时间不均匀性的关系、涟漪相位不变性、以及不同参考系中能量比等于频率比自然导出。这一推导表明,狭义相对论效应并非独立于量子力学的基本定律,而是涟漪动力学在不同运动状态下的必然推论。量子力学与狭义相对论,在涟漪框架中被统一为同一本体论(时空不均匀性)在微观和宏观两个层次上的表现。这一框架保留了全部已有物理理论的数学形式和实验预言,只改变了物理实在的指认,正如哥白尼改变了坐标原点而不改变天文学数据。 Abstract: Special relativity and quantum mechanics are the two pillars of contemporary physics. Special relativity describes the kinematics of high-speed particles, taking the constancy of the speed of light and Lorentz transformations as its starting point; quantum mechanics describes the behavior of particles in the microscopic world, with the wave function and the Schrödinger equation at its core. Both have achieved astonishing empirical success, yet they rest on different conceptual foundations and mathematical structures, and the logical relationship between them remains unclear. This paper attempts to provide a new understanding of this relationship from a different direction. The starting point is the core proposition that "the essence of existence is inhomogeneity" and the ripple picture established on this basis—that "matter waves are localized ripples of spacetime inhomogeneity." In the ripple framework, energy is redefined as the measure of temporal inhomogeneity, E=h/∇t. Time dilation, length contraction, mass-energy equivalence, the relativistic energy-momentum relation, the light-speed limit, and Lorentz covariance of special relativity can all be naturally derived from three fundamental properties of ripples: the relation between energy and temporal inhomogeneity, the phase invariance of ripples, and the equivalence between the energy ratio and the frequency ratio in different reference frames. This derivation shows that special relativistic effects are not fundamental laws independent of quantum mechanics, but necessary consequences of ripple dynamics in different states of motion. Quantum mechanics and special relativity are unified within the ripple framework as manifestations of a single ontology—spacetime inhomogeneity—at the microscopic and macroscopic levels. This framework preserves the full mathematical formalism and all empirical predictions of the existing physical theories, altering only the assignment of physical reality—just as Copernicus changed the coordinate origin without changing the astronomical data.
摘要:狭义相对论与量子力学是当代物理学的两大支柱。狭义相对论描述高速运动粒子的运动学,以光速不变和洛伦兹变换为出发点;量子力学描述微观世界的粒子行为,以波函数和薛定谔方程为核心。两者各自取得了惊人的经验成功,但它们基于不同的概念基础和数学结构,彼此之间的逻辑关系并不清楚。本文尝试从一个不同的方向出发,为这两个理论之间的逻辑关系提供一种新的理解。这个方向的出发点是“存在的本质是不均匀”这一核心命题,以及在此基础上建立的涟漪图像,“物质波是时空不均匀性的局域涟漪”。在涟漪框架中,能量被重新定义为时间不均匀性的度量E=h/∇t。狭义相对论的时间膨胀、长度收缩、质能等价、相对论能量-动量关系、光速极限和洛伦兹协变性,均可以从涟漪的三个基本属性,能量与时间不均匀性的关系、涟漪相位不变性、以及不同参考系中能量比等于频率比自然导出。这一推导表明,狭义相对论效应并非独立于量子力学的基本定律,而是涟漪动力学在不同运动状态下的必然推论。量子力学与狭义相对论,在涟漪框架中被统一为同一本体论(时空不均匀性)在微观和宏观两个层次上的表现。这一框架保留了全部已有物理理论的数学形式和实验预言,只改变了物理实在的指认,正如哥白尼改变了坐标原点而不改变天文学数据。 Abstract: Special relativity and quantum mechanics are the two pillars of contemporary physics. Special relativity describes the kinematics of high-speed particles, taking the constancy of the speed of light and Lorentz transformations as its starting point; quantum mechanics describes the behavior of particles in the microscopic world, with the wave function and the Schrödinger equation at its core. Both have achieved astonishing empirical success, yet they rest on different conceptual foundations and mathematical structures, and the logical relationship between them remains unclear. This paper attempts to provide a new understanding of this relationship from a different direction. The starting point is the core proposition that "the essence of existence is inhomogeneity" and the ripple picture established on this basis—that "matter waves are localized ripples of spacetime inhomogeneity." In the ripple framework, energy is redefined as the measure of temporal inhomogeneity, E=h/∇t. Time dilation, length contraction, mass-energy equivalence, the relativistic energy-momentum relation, the light-speed limit, and Lorentz covariance of special relativity can all be naturally derived from three fundamental properties of ripples: the relation between energy and temporal inhomogeneity, the phase invariance of ripples, and the equivalence between the energy ratio and the frequency ratio in different reference frames. This derivation shows that special relativistic effects are not fundamental laws independent of quantum mechanics, but necessary consequences of ripple dynamics in different states of motion. Quantum mechanics and special relativity are unified within the ripple framework as manifestations of a single ontology—spacetime inhomogeneity—at the microscopic and macroscopic levels. This framework preserves the full mathematical formalism and all empirical predictions of the existing physical theories, altering only the assignment of physical reality—just as Copernicus changed the coordinate origin without changing the astronomical data.
摘要:德布罗意的物质波假说宣告波粒二象性为所有物质的普遍属性,但物质波的物理本质,它的波幅代表什么,它为何是复数形式,测量为何导致坍缩,在正统量子力学中始终缺乏一个直观的本体论解释。本文基于“存在的本质是不均匀”这一核心命题,提出一种替代诠释:物质波不是粒子的附属属性,而是时空不均匀性的局域涟漪。波函数是涟漪的完整数学描述,其振幅对应不均匀性的强度,其相位对应时间不均匀性的周期性展开,其波长由德布罗意关系与粒子动量关联。本文将德布罗意关系重新表述为时间不均匀性向空间延展的转换方程:能量 E = h/∇t(其中 ∇t 为时间不均匀性),物质波频率即时间不均匀性的倒数 ν = 1/∇t。在此基础上,薛定谔方程被重新解读为涟漪的动力学平衡方程,一边是涟漪的时间脉动能量,另一边是涟漪的空间曲率能量与外部不均匀性场的约束能量之和。波粒二象性、不确定性原理与测量坍缩等量子力学的基本困境,在此框架中均获得自然的几何-物理解释,不再需要观测者的特殊地位或多世界假设。这一诠释保留了量子力学的全部数学形式和实验预言,只改变了物理实在的指认,正如哥白尼改变了坐标原点而不改变天文学数据。 Abstract:De Broglie's matter wave hypothesis proclaimed wave-particle duality as a universal property of all matter. Yet the physical essence of matter waves,what their amplitude represents, why they are inherently complex-valued, and why measurement induces collapse has remained without a clear ontological interpretation in orthodox quantum mechanics. Building on the core proposition that "the essence of existence is inhomogeneity," this paper proposes an alternative interpretation: matter waves are not properties attached to particles, but localized ripples of spacetime inhomogeneity. The wave function is the complete mathematical description of such a ripple: its amplitude corresponds to the intensity of inhomogeneity, its phase to the periodic unfolding of temporal inhomogeneity, and its wavelength,via the de Broglie relation—to the particle's momentum. The de Broglie relation is reformulated as a conversion equation from temporal inhomogeneity to spatial extension: E=h/∇t(where ∇t denotes temporal inhomogeneity), and the matter-wave frequency is the reciprocal of temporal inhomogeneity, ν=1/∇t. The Schrödinger equation is reinterpreted as the dynamical equilibrium equation of the ripple: on one side stands the temporal pulsation energy of the ripple, and on the other the sum of the ripple's spatial curvature energy and the constraining energy of the external inhomogeneity field. Wave-particle duality, the uncertainty principle, and measurement collapse,the foundational dilemmas of quantum mechanics,all acquire natural geometric-physical explanations within this framework, requiring neither a privileged role for the observer nor a many-worlds hypothesis. This interpretation preserves all mathematical forms and experimental predictions of quantum mechanics; it merely changes the identification of physical reality, just as Copernicus changed the coordinate origin without altering astronomical data.
Modern theoretical physics rests on two highly successful but conceptually distinct frameworks: quantum mechanics and general relativity. While both theories are experimentally confirmed to high precision within their respective domains, they rely on fundamentally different starting points. General relativity takes spacetime as a primitive geometric structure, whereas quantum mechanics is formulated in terms of abstract state spaces without intrinsic spacetime meaning. Most approaches to quantum gravity attempt to reconcile this tension by modifying, quantizing, or discretizing spacetime itself. Even in approaches where spacetime is said to be “emergent,” it typically remains the primary conceptual backdrop on which physical processes are defined. Despite extensive efforts, there is no consensus on whether spacetime should be regarded as fundamental or derivative. In this work, a more radical starting point is explored. Rather than modifying spacetime or its geometry, we ask whether spacetime can be excluded entirely from the fundamental layer of the theory and recovered only at a later, operational stage. The central question is not how spacetime behaves, but whether the notion of “what lies between physical objects” must be spatial or temporal at the most fundamental level. We propose a framework—referred to here as Super Relativity (SR)—based on a single pre-geometric postulate: the existence of a monotonically expanding set of possible quantum configurations, referred to as the flux. Formally, this flux is represented as a monotone, σ-finite family of capacity measures on a common configuration space (introduced in Section 2). This postulate deliberately refrains from assuming spacetime, time ordering, metric structure, causality, or dynamics. Within this pre-geometric core, two derived, dimensionless notions are introduced: utilization, describing the realization of configurations, and saturation, defined as the ratio between utilized and available configurations. A central structural element of SR is the strict separation between a core layer and an interface layer. In the core layer, all quantities are pre-geometric and dimensionless, and no reference is made to space, time, motion, energy, or interaction. Only at the interface layer are operational notions introduced, including clocks, rulers, and signal propagation. Spacetime, in this construction, is not a dynamical entity but an effective bookkeeping structure that encodes relative rates of change once a calibration to physical units is performed. Within this framework, gravitational phenomena do not originate from spacetime curvature taken as fundamental. Instead, they arise from variations in saturation that, at the interface level, manifest as uniform rescalings of physical processes. When expressed in geometric language, these rescalings reproduce the standard predictions of general relativity, including gravitational time dilation and the equivalence between gravitation and acceleration. The invariant local speed of light is not postulated but follows as a derived consequence, since both clock rates and signal propagation are affected identically by the same underlying saturation mechanism. The aim of this paper is not to introduce new empirical predictions beyond those of general relativity, nor to present a complete theory of quantum gravity. Rather, the objective is foundational: to demonstrate that the mathematical structure of general relativity can be reconstructed from a single pre-geometric postulate without assuming spacetime as part of the fundamental ontology. In this sense, SR should be understood as a reconstruction and reinterpretation of known physics, rather than as a competing dynamical theory. An extended and fully explicit formulation of the framework, including all intermediate steps, is available in a companion preprint (version V12) deposited on Zenodo. The present paper restricts itself to the minimal conceptual and mathematical structure required to establish logical consistency and to demonstrate the emergence of general-relativistic behavior at the interface level.
One of the concepts of Relativity theory that challenges conventional intuition the most is time dilation and length contraction. Usual approaches for describing relativistic effects in quantum systems merely postulate the consequences of these effects as physical constraints. Here, we propose to rebuild Special Relativity from quantum mechanical considerations. This is done by dropping one of its fundamental postulates: the universality of the speed of light. Lorentz transformations are obtained by a quantum mechanism. We use the fact that quantum states depend on the Galilean reference frame where they are defined. In other words, quantum states outside an observer's Galilean reference frame are distorted. Then, we show in a theorem the existence of time-dependent observables that are sensible to this distortion in such a way that their expectation value is a Lorentz-covariant function of time. We then postulate this mechanism as the source of the phenomena of Special Relativity. As a corollary of the main theorem, we show the existence of a Lorentz covariant momentum and mass operators which yield the relativistic momentum and mass. In this theory, the fundamental limit of the speed of light imposes a transparency condition for faster-than-light particles: they are allowed but they are not observable. The transparency effect could explain dark matter in a more general theory following this quantum formalism.