Environmentally induced decoherence leads to irreversible energy loss during the active charging and discharging processes of quantum batteries (QBs). To address this issue, we propose a charging protocol utilizing the nonlocal coupling properties of giant atoms (GAs). In this Letter, both the QB and its charger are implemented as superconducting GAs with multiple nonlocal coupling points to a shared microwave waveguide. By engineering these atoms in a braided configuration, where their coupling paths are spatially interleaved, we realize lossless energy transfer dynamics. This is achieved by exploiting destructive interference to suppress waveguide-mediated dissipation while simultaneously preserving coherent interactions between the charger and the QB. The charging properties of separated and nested coupled configurations are also investigated. The results show that these two configurations underperform the braided configuration. Additionally, we propose a long-range chiral charging protocol that facilitates unidirectional energy transfer between the charger and the battery, with the capability to reverse the flow direction by modulating the applied magnetic flux. Our results provide guidelines for implementing a decoherence-resistant charging protocol and remote chiral QBs in circuits with GA engineering.Environmentally induced decoherence leads to irreversible energy loss during the active charging and discharging processes of quantum batteries (QBs). To address this issue, we propose a charging protocol utilizing the nonlocal coupling properties of giant atoms (GAs). In this Letter, both the QB and its charger are implemented as superconducting GAs with multiple nonlocal coupling points to a shared microwave waveguide. By engineering these atoms in a braided configuration, where their coupling paths are spatially interleaved, we realize lossless energy transfer dynamics. This is achieved by exploiting destructive interference to suppress waveguide-mediated dissipation while simultaneously preserving coherent interactions between the charger and the QB. The charging properties of separated and nested coupled configurations are also investigated. The results show that these two configurations underperform the braided configuration. Additionally, we propose a long-range chiral charging protocol that facilitates unidirectional energy transfer between the charger and the battery, with the capability to reverse the flow direction by modulating the applied magnetic flux. Our results provide guidelines for implementing a decoherence-resistant charging protocol and remote chiral QBs in circuits with GA engineering.

Physical Review LettersApr 7, 20267 citations

Phase-tunable remote nonreciprocal charging in waveguide QED

Meixi Guo, Jian Huang, Rui-Yang Gong +2 more

Remote quantum batteries require directional and controllable energy transfer between spatially separated quantum nodes, yet most existing protocols rely on direct charger-battery Hamiltonian couplings. Here we propose a phase-tunable waveguide-QED architecture for remote quantum-battery charging, in which a driven charger and a remote battery are coupled solely via engineered waveguide-mediated interference, without any direct local interaction. We systematically compare four configurations: two-giant-emitter and giant-small-emitter hybrids, each with open or mirror-terminated waveguides. By engineering the propagation and coupling phases, the waveguide-mediated coherent exchange interaction and collective dissipation can be balanced to suppress the backward channel while retaining a finite forward channel, thereby realizing cascaded-like unidirectional charging. Our analysis shows that nonreciprocity and storage efficiency can be independently engineered, offering design flexibility for different quantum network scenarios. The giant-small-emitter mirror-terminated configuration simultaneously achieves perfect nonreciprocity and battery-dominated storage, while both giant-small-emitter configurations exhibit distance-insensitive directionality. Extending the scheme to quadratic driving, we show that anomalous second moments render the battery state non-passive, making ergotropy a performance metric distinct from stored energy. These results establish phase-tunable waveguide networks as a versatile platform for remote quantum-energy transfer and provide design principles for directional and work-extractable energy storage in quantum networks.Remote quantum batteries require directional and controllable energy transfer between spatially separated quantum nodes, yet most existing protocols rely on direct charger-battery Hamiltonian couplings. Here we propose a phase-tunable waveguide-QED architecture for remote quantum-battery charging, in which a driven charger and a remote battery are coupled solely via engineered waveguide-mediated interference, without any direct local interaction. We systematically compare four configurations: two-giant-emitter and giant-small-emitter hybrids, each with open or mirror-terminated waveguides. By engineering the propagation and coupling phases, the waveguide-mediated coherent exchange interaction and collective dissipation can be balanced to suppress the backward channel while retaining a finite forward channel, thereby realizing cascaded-like unidirectional charging. Our analysis shows that nonreciprocity and storage efficiency can be independently engineered, offering design flexibility for different quantum network scenarios. The giant-small-emitter mirror-terminated configuration simultaneously achieves perfect nonreciprocity and battery-dominated storage, while both giant-small-emitter configurations exhibit distance-insensitive directionality. Extending the scheme to quadratic driving, we show that anomalous second moments render the battery state non-passive, making ergotropy a performance metric distinct from stored energy. These results establish phase-tunable waveguide networks as a versatile platform for remote quantum-energy transfer and provide design principles for directional and work-extractable energy storage in quantum networks.

quant-pharXiv:2605.21909May 22, 20260 citations

Quantum battery via reservoir engineering

Jin Yang, Sibo Fang, Chengsong Zhao +2 more

Physical Review AppliedFeb 4, 20264 citations

Opportunities and challenges of quantum batteries

Dario Ferraro, Fabio Cavaliere, Marco G. Genoni +2 more

Nature Reviews PhysicsJan 9, 202638 citations

Quantum battery with interactive atomic collective charging

Dayang Zhang, Shuangquan Ma, Yunxiu Jiang +3 more

The collective charge of $N$ two-level atoms interacting in an open system is investigated. In contrast to a no atomic dissipation quantum battery, the battery remains at a steady state after reaching the moment of full charge. Considering the interactions between atoms, we find that the energy storage of quantum batteries will be significantly enhanced with the increase of atomic repulsion, and the attraction between atoms will exacerbate the dissipation of batteries in the environment. We extend this conclusion to two-level batteries in the drive field and three-level atom quantum batteries. In addition, we also investigate the dissipative charging process of multiatom quantum batteries and find that the number of atoms during the charging process can to some extent affect the energy conversion efficiency during the charging process. Under extreme conditions, the inverse temperature $\ensuremath{\beta}$ can disrupt the energy storage of the battery.The collective charge of $N$ two-level atoms interacting in an open system is investigated. In contrast to a no atomic dissipation quantum battery, the battery remains at a steady state after reaching the moment of full charge. Considering the interactions between atoms, we find that the energy storage of quantum batteries will be significantly enhanced with the increase of atomic repulsion, and the attraction between atoms will exacerbate the dissipation of batteries in the environment. We extend this conclusion to two-level batteries in the drive field and three-level atom quantum batteries. In addition, we also investigate the dissipative charging process of multiatom quantum batteries and find that the number of atoms during the charging process can to some extent affect the energy conversion efficiency during the charging process. Under extreme conditions, the inverse temperature $\ensuremath{\beta}$ can disrupt the energy storage of the battery.

Physical Review ASep 12, 202419 citations

The collective charge of

N

two-level atoms interacting in an open system is investigated. In contrast to a no atomic dissipation quantum battery, the battery remains at a steady state after reaching the moment of full charge. Considering the interactions between atoms, we find that the energy storage of quantum batteries will be significantly enhanced with the increase of atomic repulsion, and the attraction between atoms will exacerbate the dissipation of batteries in the environment. We extend this conclusion to two-level batteries in the drive field and three-level atom quantum batteries. In addition, we also investigate the dissipative charging process of multiatom quantum batteries and find that the number of atoms during the charging process can to some extent affect the energy conversion efficiency during the charging process. Under extreme conditions, the inverse temperature $\ensuremath{\beta}$ can disrupt the energy storage of the battery.