This paper investigates physical layer security (PLS) in a half duplex (HD) relay network with radio frequency energy harvesting (EH). We consider an amplify and forward (AF) protocol in which both the source and the relay harvest energy from a dedicated power beacon, while a passive eavesdropper attempts to intercept the confidential message. Unlike prior studies that rely on asymptotic analysis or numerical integration, we derive exact closed form expressions for the outage probability (OP) and the intercept probability (IP). The proposed expressions characterize the reliability and secrecy trade-off in energy limited cooperative relaying and enable efficient performance evaluation. Monte Carlo simulations validate the analysis and match the theoretical results. Moreover, the closed form results reveal how channel conditions and harvesting duration jointly shape outage and interception behaviors. We further quantify the impacts of normalized transmit power, the time allocation factor between harvesting and information transmission, and the EH efficiency. The results provide practical guidance for selecting system parameters to meet target reliability and secrecy levels, and they show that the time allocation factor must be carefully chosen to balance harvested energy and transmission time.
This paper investigates physical layer security (PLS) in a half duplex (HD) relay network with radio frequency energy harvesting (EH). We consider an amplify and forward (AF) protocol in which both the source and the relay harvest energy from a dedicated power beacon, while a passive eavesdropper attempts to intercept the confidential message. Unlike prior studies that rely on asymptotic analysis or numerical integration, we derive exact closed form expressions for the outage probability (OP) and the intercept probability (IP). The proposed expressions characterize the reliability and secrecy trade-off in energy limited cooperative relaying and enable efficient performance evaluation. Monte Carlo simulations validate the analysis and match the theoretical results. Moreover, the closed form results reveal how channel conditions and harvesting duration jointly shape outage and interception behaviors. We further quantify the impacts of normalized transmit power, the time allocation factor between harvesting and information transmission, and the EH efficiency. The results provide practical guidance for selecting system parameters to meet target reliability and secrecy levels, and they show that the time allocation factor must be carefully chosen to balance harvested energy and transmission time.
Radio-frequency (RF) energy harvesting (EH) in wireless relaying networks has attracted considerable recent interest, especially for supplying energy to relay nodes in the Internet of Things (IoT) systems to assist the information exchange between a source and a destination. Moreover, limited hardware, computational resources, and energy availability of IoT devices have raised various security challenges. To this end, physical-layer security (PLS) has been proposed as an effective alternative to cryptographic methods for providing information security. In this study, we propose a PLS approach for simultaneous wireless information and power transfer (SWIPT)-based half-duplex (HD) amplify-and-forward (AF) relaying systems in the presence of an eavesdropper. Furthermore, we take into account both static power splitting relaying (SPSR) and dynamic power splitting relaying (DPSR) to thoroughly investigate the benefits of each one. To further enhance secure communication, we consider multiple friendly jammers to help prevent wiretapping attacks from the eavesdropper. More specifically, we provide a reliability and security analysis by deriving closed-form expressions of outage probability (OP) and intercept probability (IP), respectively, for both the SPSR and DPSR schemes. Then, simulations are also performed to validate our analysis and the effectiveness of the proposed schemes. Specifically, numerical results illustrate the nontrivial tradeoff between reliability and security of the proposed system. In addition, we conclude from the simulation results that the proposed DPSR scheme outperforms the SPSR-based scheme in terms of OP and IP under the influences of different parameters on system performance.
In this paper, we analyze the secrecy capacity of a half-duplex energy harvesting (EH)-based multi-antenna amplify-and-forward relay network in the presence of a passive eavesdropper. During the first phase, while the source is in the transmission mode, the legitimate destination transmits an auxiliary artificial noise (AN) signal which has two distinct purposes: 1) to transfer power to the relay and 2) to improve system security. Since the AN is known at the legitimate destination, it is easily cancelled at the intended destination, which is not the case at the eavesdropper. In this respect, we derive new exact analytical expressions for the ergodic secrecy capacity for various well-known EH relaying protocols, namely, time switching relaying (TSR), power splitting relaying (PSR), and ideal relaying receiver (IRR). Monte Carlo simulations are also provided throughout our investigations to validate the analysis. The impacts of some important system parameters, such as EH time, power splitting ratio, relay location, AN power, EH efficiency, and the number of relay antennas, on the system performance are investigated. The results reveal that the PSR protocol generally outperforms the TSR approach in terms of the secrecy capacity.
In recent years, physical layer security has been considered as an effective method to enhance the information security beside the cryptographic techniques that are used in upper layers. In this paper, we provide the security analysis for a two-way relay network, where the two sources can only communicate through the intermediate relay nodes. In particular, we consider the scenario that there is an eavesdropper in the vicinity of one source node. Both reliability and security aspects are taken into consideration in our work. To enhance the reliability of communication, the intermediate relays are supplied with the energy harvested from the sources' radio frequency (RF) signals using hybrid time-switching and power splitting (TPSR) protocol. Also, we apply the relay selection technique to select the best relay for the information exchange between two sources. Regarding security, the secrecy of information is improved with the help of friendly jammers nearby the eavesdropper. We provide the in-dept reliability and security analysis in terms of the closed-form expressions of the outage probability (OP) at the source nodes, the intercept probability (IP) at the eavesdropper, the secrecy outage probability (SOP), and the average secrecy capacity (ASC) of the system. Finally, the Monte Carlo simulations are also conducted to verify the correctness of our analysis and the effectiveness of the proposed scheme. Numerical results confirms that with the appropriate and feasible choices of involved parameters, both outage OP and IP can be kept at small values to guarantee the reliable and secure communication of the system.
In this paper, we have investigated the Half-Duplex (HD) Energy Harvesting (EH) Cooperative Relaying Networks with one source node, one destination node, one intermediate relay and in the presence of the Jammer Against Eavesdropper. We have analyzed the system performance in terms of the integral form expression of secrecy outage probability. In addition, we have investigated the effect of source rate, time switching factor, energy coefficient, and the ratio Ps/N0 on the system performance. Finally, all the mathematical, analytical expressions are verified by Monte Carlo simulation, and the analytical results match well with the simulation ones to convince the correctness of the analytical expression.
Physical layer security (PLS) with radio frequency (RF) energy harvesting (EH) in wireless sensor networks has received significant interest as a technology for secure information transmission and prolonging the network lifetime, as well as improving energy efficiency. This article investigates PLS for a simultaneous wireless information and power transfer (SWIPT) cooperative network, which consists of multiple sensor sources, one EH relay (R), and one destination (D) in the presence of one eavesdropper (E). Furthermore, a low-complexity, suboptimal, yet efficient sensor source selection scheme is proposed. Specifically, one sensor source is chosen to transmit information to the relay and destination such that it obtains the best channel from sensor sources to the relay. Then, by considering two relaying strategies, termed the direct link plus static power splitting-based relaying (SPSR) and direct link plus optimal dynamic power splitting-based relaying (ODPSR), the performance analysis in terms of intercept probability (IP) and outage probability (OP) is carried out for each one. Notably, the eavesdropper and destination utilize maximal ratio combining (MRC) to incorporate the received signals from the selected sensor source and the relay, which poses new challenges in obtaining the analytical expressions. In this context, we derive analytical expressions for the OP (for SPSR and ODPSR) at the destination and the IP (for SPSR) at the eavesdropper by adopting the series representation of the modified Bessel function. Finally, Monte Carlo simulations are conducted to validate the theoretical analysis and the proposed schemes’ effectiveness. Simulation results show the superiority of our scheme compared to the benchmarks.
In this paper, we analyze (for the first time in literature) the secrecy performance of a two-hop cooperative network in which all the nodes are of the energy-harvesting self-sustaining type. Both source and relay harvest energy from a power beacon (PB) and employ the harvest-use (HU) architecture. We consider optimal combining of the direct and relayed signals at the destination and eavesdropper. We do not assume any channel state information (CSI) at the source. We derive an approximate closed-form expression for secrecy outage probability assuming selective decode-and-forward (SDF) protocol at the relay. We demonstrate that secrecy outage is a convex function of the transmit power of PB. Further, the security-reliability trade-off (SRT) is analyzed to highlight the trade-off between outage and intercept probability. Computer simulations validate the derived analytical expressions