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Spectral Line Amplitudes of Thermally Polarized 129 Xenon in Comparison with Hyperpolarized 129 Xenon

Jan Rychnovský

Published Jan 1, 2009• 0 citations
OpenAlex

Abstract

We present the experimental results of hyperpolarized 129Xe spectral line amplitude obtained by 4.7 T NMR system and high power semiconductor laser with reduced emission linewidth. The hyperpolarization process was based on the spin exchange collision technique between 129Xe atoms and optically pumped Rb atoms. The amplification of the 129Xe spectral line amplitude about 400 times was achieved. Furthermore, the influence of the optical pumping duration to the 129Xe spectral line amplitude was surveyed.

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We present the experimental results of hyperpolarized 129Xe spectral line amplitude obtained by 4.7 T NMR system and high power semiconductor laser with reduced emission linewidth. The hyperpolarization process was based on the spin exchange collision technique between 129Xe atoms and optically pumped Rb atoms. The amplification of the 129Xe spectral line amplitude about 400 times was achieved. Furthermore, the influence of the optical pumping duration to the 129Xe spectral line amplitude was surveyed.
We present the experimental results of hyperpolarized 129Xe spectral line amplitude obtained by 4.7 T NMR system and high power semiconductor laser with reduced emission linewidth. The hyperpolarization process was based on the spin exchange collision technique between 129Xe atoms and optically pumped Rb atoms. The amplification of the 129Xe spectral line amplitude about 400 times was achieved. Furthermore, the influence of the optical pumping duration to the 129Xe spectral line amplitude was surveyed.
We present a design for a spin-exchange optical pumping system to produce large quantities of highly polarized 129Xe. Low xenon concentrations in the flowing gas mixture allow the laser to maintain high Rb polarization. The large spin-exchange rate between Rb and 129Xe through the long-lived van der Waals molecules at low pressure, combined with a high flow rate, results in large production rates of hyperpolarized xenon. We report a maximum polarization of 64% achieved for a 0.3 l/h Xe flow rate, and maximum magnetization output of 6 l/h at 22% polarization. Our findings regarding the polarization dependence on temperature, nitrogen partial pressure, and gas mixture flow velocity are also reported.
We present the experimental results of generation and of detection of hyperpolarized xenon obtained by 4.7 T, 200 MHz magnetic resonance (MR) system. Xenon 129 was hyperpolarized by the spin-exchange with Rubidium pumped first by Ti:Sa laser and also by extended cavity laser system based on a high-power laser diode optimized for maximum efficiency of the optical pumping process. The application of the arrangement with semiconductor laser system is oriented medicine, especially to continuous production of hyperpolarized Xenon (HpXe) which serves as an contrast media in MR imaging systems.
We present a design for a spin-exchange optical pumping system to produce large quantities of highly polarized 129Xe and 131Xe. Low xenon concentrations in the flowing gas mixture which allow the laser to maintain high Cs polarization. The large spin-exchange rate between Cs and Xe through the long-lived van der Waals molecules at low pressure, combined with a high flow rate, results in large production rates of hyperpolarized xenon. The fast rates make it possible to obtain large nuclear polarizations after several minutes of optical pumping with a laser.At high Xe pressures. According to the theory, the longitudinal spin-elaxation rate 1T1 of Xe in a high-pressure sample containing only Xe and Cs vapor has the simple form is the velocity averaged binary spin-exchange cross section, It is the relaxation rate due to wall collisions and perhaps magnetic field inhomogeneities. Our results complement earlier studies performed at 129Xe pressures of about 20 Torr and 131Xe pressures of about 20 Torr and N2 pressures of 600 Torr . This work is useful for predicting spin-exchange rates between polarized Cs atoms and Xe nuclei.
We present a constructed setup for polarizing 129 Xe noble gas. Hyperpolarized 129 Xe has been obtained via spin exchange with an optically pumped rubidium vapor. Optical pumping is based on polarizing the valence electron of rubidium by the resonant absorption of a circularly polarized laser light. The magnetic field of 30 G was used for obtaining 129 Xe polarization. The apparatus for detecting polarization is a nuclear magnetic resonance spectrometer. The highest 129 Xe polarization of 54% has been obtained using 60 W circularly polarized laser light with wavelength of 794.7 nm. The measured longitudinal relaxation time of the hyperpolarized 129 Xe was 72.3 minutes.
The polarization of 129Xe gas by spin exchange with optically pumped Rb vapor is investigated in high magnetic field. Operation in a high field provides added spectral dispersion via Zeeman shifts of the electronic transitions. This simplifies the physics of the pumping process in such a way as to make it more amenable to treatment with simple rate theory. A relationship between the steady state 129Xe polarization and the applied laser power is derived which agrees with experimental results. This theory serves as a guide to the manufacture of very high polarizations of 129Xe gas.