Challenges
Datasets
Workspaces
Papers
Discussions
Leaderboard
Log inSign up
Challenges
Datasets
Workspaces
Papers
Discussions
Leaderboard
Blog
Job Board
Q3AS

© 2026 Aqora Quantum S.A.S.

TermsPrivacyLegal Notice

Quantum Computing, Communication, and Simulation

Entanglement distribution over a polarization-stabilized aerial fiber link

Yicheng Shi, Thomas Gerrits, Oliver Slattery, Jing Su, Anouar Rahmouni, Gabriel Bello Portmann, Anne Lazenby, Mael Flament, Mehdi Namazi

Published Mar 5, 2026• 1 citation
Publisher

Abstract

we experimentally demonstrate the distribution of polarization-entangled photons over a 62-km, partially-aerial fiber between the National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland. With active polarization compensation applied to the fiber link, we observed a channel fidelity above 98%. Over the stabilized fiber link, we distributed approximately 1200 pairs of polarization-entangled photons per second over a course of 24 hours, with an average CHSH S-parameter value of 2.39 and a link up-time of 92.8% for entanglement distribution.

DOI
10.1117/12.3086325

Related papers

Entanglement distribution over a polarization-stabilized aerial fiber

Yicheng Shi, Jing Su, Anouar Rahmouni +9 more

Distributing quantum entanglement over telecommunication fiber is a fundamental task in metropolitan-scale quantum networks, enabling advanced applications such as quantum-secured communication, quantum sensing, and distributed quantum computing. Although polarization entanglement is relatively easy to generate and manipulate, its distribution across deployed fibers is challenging because of the time-varying polarization transformations imposed by the fiber, which must be actively stabilized. In this work, we experimentally demonstrate the distribution of polarization-entangled photons over a 62 km, partially aerial fiber between the National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland. With polarization stabilization applied to the fiber, we achieved a photon pair rate of approximately 1500s −1 and observed a time-averaged CHSH inequality parameter of S =2.34±0.37. During a continuous 24 h experiment, time-multiplexed polarization compensation sessions only cost 7.2% of the total link operation time, leaving an entanglement distribution uptime of 92.8%. Our results demonstrate the feasibility of distributing polarization-entangled photons over challenging fiber conditions, which is an important step toward the practical deployment of quantum networks.

Journal of Optical Communications and Networking•May 26, 2026•1 citation

Entanglement Distribution over a Polarization-Stabilized Aerial Fiber

Yicheng Shi, Jing Su, Anouar Rahmouni +9 more

We experimentally demonstrate the distribution of polarization-entangled photons between two laboratories connected by a 62-km, partially-aerial fiber. Using time-multiplexed polarization stabilization, we maintain a pair rate of 1500 s − 1 over 24 hours and achieve an average CHSH value of S = 2 . 39 ± 0 . 22.

•Jan 1, 2026•0 citations

Entanglement Distribution over a Polarization-Stabilized Aerial Fiber

Yicheng Shi, Jing Su, Anouar Rahmouni +9 more

We experimentally demonstrate the distribution of polarization-entangled photons across a 62-km, partially-aerial fiber. With polarization stabilization applied to the fiber link, we achieve a photon pair rate of approximately 1500 per second and observe a CHSH inequality violation with S=2.34.

quant-pharXiv:2601.11753•Jan 20, 2026•1 citation

Entanglement Distribution over an Actively Polarization-Stabilized Commercial Fiber Link

Akriti Raj, Tobias Bauer, Christian Haen +6 more

We present a polarization-entangled photon pair source at telecom wavelength from an AlGaAs Bragg reflection waveguide. We demonstrate preservation of entanglement after distribution over an actively stabilized 28 km metropolitan dark fiber link.

•Jan 1, 2026•0 citations

Passive Polarization Stabilization for Robust Entanglement Distribution via Cross-Aligned Polarization Maintaining Fiber Pairs

Jin-Woo Kim, Minchul Kim, Jiho Park +4 more

Maintaining stable entanglement distribution through perturbed fiber links is essential for practical quantum-optics experiments, yet it remains challenging because of polarization fluctuations and phase or temporal-delay variations. We demonstrate stable entangled-photon transmission using a cross-aligned polarization-maintaining fiber (CAPMF) structure composed of two polarization-maintaining fiber sections with mutually orthogonal principal axes. The CAPMF configuration passively compensates polarization fluctuations without real-time active polarization control. We theoretically analyze the CAPMF structure and experimentally verify its stabilization performance under external mechanical perturbations. In the experiment, the single-mode fiber configuration yields an average visibility of $0.7655$ and a CHSH value of $S=1.7714$, whereas the CAPMF configuration maintains an average visibility of $0.9843$ and a CHSH value of $S=2.6838$. These results show that CAPMF offers a simple and robust architecture for stabilizing fiber-interface sections in practical entanglement-distribution systems.

quant-pharXiv:2512.01229•EPJ Quantum Technology•Dec 2, 2025•0 citations

Experimental space-division multiplexed polarization entanglement distribution through a 19-path multicore fiber

Evelyn A. Ortega, Krishna Dovzhik, Jorge Fuenzalida +6 more

The development and wide application of quantum technologies highly depend on the capacity of the communication channels distributing entanglement. Space-division multiplexing (SDM) enhanced channel capacities in classical telecommunication and bears the potential to transfer the idea to quantum communication using current infrastructure. Here, we demonstrate an SDM of polarization-entangled photons over a 411m long 19-core multicore fiber distributing polarization-entangled photon pairs through up to 12 channels simultaneously. The quality of the multiplexed transfer is evidenced by high polarization visibility and CHSH Bell inequality violation for each pair of opposite cores. Our distribution scheme shows high stability over 24 hours without any active polarization stabilization and can be effortlessly adapted to a higher number of channels. This technique increases the quantum-channel capacity and allows the reliable implementation of quantum networks of multiple users based on a single entangled-photon pair source.

•Mar 19, 2021•3 citations
we experimentally demonstrate the distribution of polarization-entangled photons over a 62-km, partially-aerial fiber between the National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland. With active polarization compensation applied to the fiber link, we observed a channel fidelity above 98%. Over the stabilized fiber link, we distributed approximately 1200 pairs of polarization-entangled photons per second over a course of 24 hours, with an average CHSH S-parameter value of 2.39 and a link up-time of 92.8% for entanglement distribution.
Distributing quantum entanglement over telecommunication fiber is a fundamental task in metropolitan-scale quantum networks, enabling advanced applications such as quantum-secured communication, quantum sensing, and distributed quantum computing. Although polarization entanglement is relatively easy to generate and manipulate, its distribution across deployed fibers is challenging because of the time-varying polarization transformations imposed by the fiber, which must be actively stabilized. In this work, we experimentally demonstrate the distribution of polarization-entangled photons over a 62 km, partially aerial fiber between the National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland. With polarization stabilization applied to the fiber, we achieved a photon pair rate of approximately 1500s −1 and observed a time-averaged CHSH inequality parameter of S =2.34±0.37. During a continuous 24 h experiment, time-multiplexed polarization compensation sessions only cost 7.2% of the total link operation time, leaving an entanglement distribution uptime of 92.8%. Our results demonstrate the feasibility of distributing polarization-entangled photons over challenging fiber conditions, which is an important step toward the practical deployment of quantum networks.
Maintaining stable entanglement distribution through perturbed fiber links is essential for practical quantum-optics experiments, yet it remains challenging because of polarization fluctuations and phase or temporal-delay variations. We demonstrate stable entangled-photon transmission using a cross-aligned polarization-maintaining fiber (CAPMF) structure composed of two polarization-maintaining fiber sections with mutually orthogonal principal axes. The CAPMF configuration passively compensates polarization fluctuations without real-time active polarization control. We theoretically analyze the CAPMF structure and experimentally verify its stabilization performance under external mechanical perturbations. In the experiment, the single-mode fiber configuration yields an average visibility of 0.76550.76550.7655 and a CHSH value of S=1.7714S=1.7714S=1.7714, whereas the CAPMF configuration maintains an average visibility of 0.98430.98430.9843 and a CHSH value of S=2.6838S=2.6838S=2.6838. These results show that CAPMF offers a simple and robust architecture for stabilizing fiber-interface sections in practical entanglement-distribution systems.
The development and wide application of quantum technologies highly depend on the capacity of the communication channels distributing entanglement. Space-division multiplexing (SDM) enhanced channel capacities in classical telecommunication and bears the potential to transfer the idea to quantum communication using current infrastructure. Here, we demonstrate an SDM of polarization-entangled photons over a 411m long 19-core multicore fiber distributing polarization-entangled photon pairs through up to 12 channels simultaneously. The quality of the multiplexed transfer is evidenced by high polarization visibility and CHSH Bell inequality violation for each pair of opposite cores. Our distribution scheme shows high stability over 24 hours without any active polarization stabilization and can be effortlessly adapted to a higher number of channels. This technique increases the quantum-channel capacity and allows the reliable implementation of quantum networks of multiple users based on a single entangled-photon pair source.