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Electromagnetically Induced Trasparency on the first and second Resonance lines of Potassium

Luca Marmugi, S Gozzini, A. Lucchesini, C. Marinelli, S. Cartaleva, S. Gateva, Ak Nasyrov

Published Jan 1, 2014• 0 citations
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Abstract

Coherent Population Trapping (CPT) is observed on the first and second resonance lines of potassium, by irradiating the vapor by 770.1 nm and 404.5 nm diode laser light, respectively. With the 770.1 nm excitation, narrow CPT resonance is observed demonstrating 80 times larger contrast than in case of Cs vapor, in coated optical cell. A theoretical model is proposed to explain strong resonance contrast enhancement. Irradiating K vapor with the 404.5 nm laser, the CPT resonance is observed both on the 404.5 nm and 770.1 nm lines, which makes the study of various cascade transitions in potassium possible.

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Coherent spectroscopy in potassium vapor with amplitude modulated light

Silvia Gozzini, S. Cartaleva, Dimitar G. Slavov +2 more

We present the first experimental observation of Coherent Population Trapping (CPT) in Potassium, obtained with kHz-frequency modulation of the laser light amplitude. It is performed by acousto-optical amplitude modulation of the radiation from an external cavity diode laser, matching the D1 line of K. The CPT resonances are detected both through K absorption and fluorescence. The resonances are studied in three kinds of K cells: i) pure-evacuated, ii) polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS)-coated-evacuated and iii) Ne-gas buffered. In all cases CPT-resonance narrowing with cell temperature is observed. In the pure-evacuated cell we registered the lowest contrast and the highest width of the resonance, while in buffered/coated cells a strong enhancement of the CPT resonance contrast up to 15% is observed. This behavior is the opposite to the one exhibited by Cs and Rb. The observed contrast enhancement in K is accompanied by more than two orders of magnitude reduction of the resonance width. The results here presented prove the advantage of using Potassium in CPT-based applications.

Proceedings of SPIE, the International Society for Optical Engineering/Proceedings of SPIE•Dec 22, 2008•3 citations

Coherent population trapping resonances in potassium with amplitude-modulated light

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We present the results of an experimental study of Coherent Population Trapping (CPT) in potassium, obtained by means of modulation of laser light amplitude with kHz frequency. The radiation from an external cavity diode laser, matching the D1 line of K, is modulated by an acousto-optical modulator. In the cell containing buffer gas, the CPT resonance width is reduced more than three orders of magnitude as compared to the cell containing pure potassium vapor. In K this resonance narrowing occurs with high resonance contrast; such behavior is not observed in buffered cells containing Rb or Cs, where the optical pumping to the non-interacting with the light ground level is very effective and depletes the population of the working ground Zeeman sublevels. The narrow CPT resonance of reduced fluorescence transforms to the one of enhanced fluorescence with the cell temperature rising. The transformed resonance exhibits higher contrast and lower width than those of the reduced fluorescence resonance. Hence, beside its scientific importance the resonance sign reversal can be used for the improvement of the CPT resonance parameters.

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We present the observation of coherent population trapping resonances on the second resonance line of potassium: 4s 2 S 1/2 → 5p 2 P 3/2 with wavelength of 404.4 nm.Moreover, a transfer of the coherent population trapping resonance occurs to the excited 4p 2 P 1/2 and 4p 2 P 3/2 states of the first resonance line due to cascade transitions.This transfer is evidenced by the observation of narrow resonances at the infrared 4s 2 S 1/2 → 4p 2 P 1/2 and 4s 2 S 1/2 → 4p 2 P 3/2 transitions when alkali excitation is performed at the 404.4 nm violet line.

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A brief introduction is presented related to three different approaches for Coherent Population Trapping (CPT) observation, namely CPT resonance prepared: (i) in degenerate two-level system, (ii) by coupling pairs of non-degenerate Zeeman sublevels of two ground levels and (iii) utilizing Zeeman sublevels within a single hyperfine transition. As an illustration of the first two approaches recent results concerning the CPT preparation on the first resonance line in Na and K are described. The first, to our best knowledge, CPT resonance observation on the second resonance line of K (violet, 404.4 nm) is reported. A transfer of the CPT resonance due to cascade transitions, without compromising its parameters, is evidenced. The presented results are promising for investigation of processes in atomic vapour and gas discharge.

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We present experimental investigation on the fluorescence profiles observed by excitation of the hyperfine transitions of the second resonance line of potassium with a wavelength of 404.4 nm in dependence on the atomic density. This leads to both direct decay of the excited level population to the ground state (violet fluorescence), and to cascade decay via the first resonance lines (infrared fluorescence). It has been shown that the behavior of these two fluorescence profiles is different: increasing the atomic density, the violet fluorescence profile exhibits a well-pronounced self-absorption dip, while the infrared line does not show any narrow-width reduced absorption structure. Moreover, the profiles of the infrared line have a higher signal-to-noise ratio than that of the violet line. Our investigations show that beside atomic population, atomic polarization is also transferred by the cascade transitions. This is evidenced by registration of coherent magneto-optical resonances at the two fluorescence lines. The signal-to-noise ratio of these resonances registered at the first resonance line is significantly higher than at those obtained at the second resonance line. The proposed study makes it possible to examine cascade transitions in alkali atoms, particularly the preservation of atomic polarization, i.e. the coherence transfer by cascade transitions.

arXiv:1804.06762•Apr 18, 2018•0 citations
Coherent Population Trapping (CPT) is observed on the first and second resonance lines of potassium, by irradiating the vapor by 770.1 nm and 404.5 nm diode laser light, respectively. With the 770.1 nm excitation, narrow CPT resonance is observed demonstrating 80 times larger contrast than in case of Cs vapor, in coated optical cell. A theoretical model is proposed to explain strong resonance contrast enhancement. Irradiating K vapor with the 404.5 nm laser, the CPT resonance is observed both on the 404.5 nm and 770.1 nm lines, which makes the study of various cascade transitions in potassium possible.
We present the first experimental observation of Coherent Population Trapping (CPT) in Potassium, obtained with kHz-frequency modulation of the laser light amplitude. It is performed by acousto-optical amplitude modulation of the radiation from an external cavity diode laser, matching the D1 line of K. The CPT resonances are detected both through K absorption and fluorescence. The resonances are studied in three kinds of K cells: i) pure-evacuated, ii) polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS)-coated-evacuated and iii) Ne-gas buffered. In all cases CPT-resonance narrowing with cell temperature is observed. In the pure-evacuated cell we registered the lowest contrast and the highest width of the resonance, while in buffered/coated cells a strong enhancement of the CPT resonance contrast up to 15% is observed. This behavior is the opposite to the one exhibited by Cs and Rb. The observed contrast enhancement in K is accompanied by more than two orders of magnitude reduction of the resonance width. The results here presented prove the advantage of using Potassium in CPT-based applications.
We present the results of an experimental study of Coherent Population Trapping (CPT) in potassium, obtained by means of modulation of laser light amplitude with kHz frequency. The radiation from an external cavity diode laser, matching the D1 line of K, is modulated by an acousto-optical modulator. In the cell containing buffer gas, the CPT resonance width is reduced more than three orders of magnitude as compared to the cell containing pure potassium vapor. In K this resonance narrowing occurs with high resonance contrast; such behavior is not observed in buffered cells containing Rb or Cs, where the optical pumping to the non-interacting with the light ground level is very effective and depletes the population of the working ground Zeeman sublevels. The narrow CPT resonance of reduced fluorescence transforms to the one of enhanced fluorescence with the cell temperature rising. The transformed resonance exhibits higher contrast and lower width than those of the reduced fluorescence resonance. Hence, beside its scientific importance the resonance sign reversal can be used for the improvement of the CPT resonance parameters.
We present the observation of coherent population trapping resonances on the second resonance line of potassium: 4s 2 S 1/2 → 5p 2 P 3/2 with wavelength of 404.4 nm.Moreover, a transfer of the coherent population trapping resonance occurs to the excited 4p 2 P 1/2 and 4p 2 P 3/2 states of the first resonance line due to cascade transitions.This transfer is evidenced by the observation of narrow resonances at the infrared 4s 2 S 1/2 → 4p 2 P 1/2 and 4s 2 S 1/2 → 4p 2 P 3/2 transitions when alkali excitation is performed at the 404.4 nm violet line.
Abstract Destruction of the laser-induced coherence in the ground state of alkali atoms manifests itself as an ultra-narrow resonance in the atomic spectrum. Depending on the geometry of irradiation and observation, the coherent spectroscopy studies CPT (coherent population trapping), EIT (electromagnetically-induced transparency) or EIA (electromagnetically-induced absorption). In the present work, we investigated EIA on the D1 87Rb line by applying a counter-propagating dual-beam scheme. The main advantage of this scheme is the high resonance contrast – an important parameter for many applications. In our previous work performed in a paraffin-coated cell we observed that, unlike the resonance in buffer gas cell detected in the same experimental scheme, the EIA signal has a complex form, because it is formed by two atomic sub-ensembles in the vapor cell with different relaxation rates determined by the laser excitation conditions. We focused on the narrow component, since it has a higher amplitude-width ratio, making it preferable for applications. We investigate the influence of the atomic vapor density and the pump laser intensity on the resonance parameters in order to optimize the amplitude ratio of the wide and narrow components and achieve the highest amplitude-width ratio value for the narrow component of the EIA resonance.
A brief introduction is presented related to three different approaches for Coherent Population Trapping (CPT) observation, namely CPT resonance prepared: (i) in degenerate two-level system, (ii) by coupling pairs of non-degenerate Zeeman sublevels of two ground levels and (iii) utilizing Zeeman sublevels within a single hyperfine transition. As an illustration of the first two approaches recent results concerning the CPT preparation on the first resonance line in Na and K are described. The first, to our best knowledge, CPT resonance observation on the second resonance line of K (violet, 404.4 nm) is reported. A transfer of the CPT resonance due to cascade transitions, without compromising its parameters, is evidenced. The presented results are promising for investigation of processes in atomic vapour and gas discharge.
We present experimental investigation on the fluorescence profiles observed by excitation of the hyperfine transitions of the second resonance line of potassium with a wavelength of 404.4 nm in dependence on the atomic density. This leads to both direct decay of the excited level population to the ground state (violet fluorescence), and to cascade decay via the first resonance lines (infrared fluorescence). It has been shown that the behavior of these two fluorescence profiles is different: increasing the atomic density, the violet fluorescence profile exhibits a well-pronounced self-absorption dip, while the infrared line does not show any narrow-width reduced absorption structure. Moreover, the profiles of the infrared line have a higher signal-to-noise ratio than that of the violet line. Our investigations show that beside atomic population, atomic polarization is also transferred by the cascade transitions. This is evidenced by registration of coherent magneto-optical resonances at the two fluorescence lines. The signal-to-noise ratio of these resonances registered at the first resonance line is significantly higher than at those obtained at the second resonance line. The proposed study makes it possible to examine cascade transitions in alkali atoms, particularly the preservation of atomic polarization, i.e. the coherence transfer by cascade transitions.