Characterizing Quantum Teleportation as a Noisy Channel via Quantum Process Tomography on IBM Hardware

Bellarte, Domenico

Published Dec 18, 2025• 0 citations

Abstract

Quantum teleportation is a fundamental primitive of quantum information theory, enabling the transfer of an unknown qubit state by means of shared entanglement and classical communication. In an ideal system the teleportation protocol implements the identity quantum channel. In real quan- tum hardware, however, the process becomes a noisy quantum channel. In this work, we reconstruct and analyze the teleportation channel using Quantum Process Tomography (QPT) on three platforms: (i) the AerSimulator (reference ideal channel), and (ii) the real IBM ibm_fez and ibm_torino quantum processors (Heron family). We compute Choi matrices, process fidelities, Choi-state purity, Pauli-noise decomposition, and CP/TP consis- tency tests. We further assess the impact of enforcing physicality (CP/TP) on the reconstructed process, providing a reproducible workflow for hardware-level channel characterization. Results highlight a strong degradation on real hardware, dominated by dephasing and depolarizing-like contributions, and show that raw linear-inversion tomography may violate complete positivity unless physical constraints are enforced.

DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.17981068

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