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Physics Letters A

Improving phase sensitivity of SU(1,1) interferometer using even and odd coherent states and squeezed vacuum state

Abdelmajid El Maaroufi, Abbas Manan, Bouchra Maroufi, Mohammed Daoud A, Saeed Haddadi

Published Dec 5, 2025• 2 citations
Publisher
DOI
10.1016/j.physleta.2025.131231

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Abstract The SU(1,1) interferometer, a nonlinear analog of the traditional Mach–Zehnder interferometer, has emerged as a powerful tool for achieving phase sensitivity beyond the standard quantum limit. In this work, we propose the use of a superposition of even and odd coherent states as input state to enhance the phase sensitivity of an SU(1,1) interferometer. These non-classical states exhibit unique properties such as squeezing, entanglement, and quantum interference, which can be harnessed to improve metrological precision. Phase sensitivity is analyzed using single-intensity detection and homodyne detection schemes under both ideal and photon loss cases, which demonstrates significant improvements over classical and squeezed-vacuum inputs. In addition, we evaluate the quantum Cramér-Rao lower bound by employing the quantum Fisher information formalism, showing that it surpasses the standard quantum limit and approaches the Heisenberg limit under optimal conditions. Our results highlight the potential of the even and odd coherent states superposition in quantum metrology and provide a pathway for achieving ultra-precise phase measurements in SU(1,1) interferometers for applications in optical sensing, and quantum information processing.
We theoretically study the effect of quantum statistics of the light field on the quantum enhancement of parameter estimation based on cat state input the SU(1,1) interferometer. The phase sensitivity is dependent on the relative phase θθθ between two coherent states of Schrödinger cat states. The optimal sensitivity is achieved when the relative phase is πππ% , i.e., odd coherent states input. For a coherent state input into one port, the phase sensitivity of the odd coherent state into the second input port is inferior to that of the squeezed vacuum state input. However, in the presence of losses the Schrödinger cat states are more resistant to loss than squeezed vacuum states. As the amplitude of Schrödinger cat states increases, the quantum enhancement of phase sensitivity decreases, which shows that the quantum statistics of Schrödinger cat states tends towards Poisson statistics from sub-Poisson statistics or super-Poisson statistics.
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