© 2026 Aqora Quantum S.A.S.

Terms Privacy Legal Notice

Laser manipulation of atoms and ions : Varenna on Lake Como, Villa Monastero, 9-19 July 1991

E. Arimondo, William D. Phillips, F. Strumia, Società italiana di fisica

Published Jan 1, 1992• 0 citations

Abstract

Beams of atoms and molecules (N.F. Ramsey). Momentum exchange between matter and light (S. Stenholm). Quantum effects in atomic optics (D.F. Walls). New laser cooling mechanisms (C. Cohen-Tannoudji). Laser cooling configurations (G. Nienhuis). Velocity-selective coherent population trapping in one and two dimensions (E. Arimondo). Coupled-pendulum model of the forces on three-level atoms (M. Prentiss et al.). Laser cooling and manipulation of atoms and selected applications (S. Chu). Laser cooling and trapping of neutral atoms (W.D. Phillips). Search for montional quantization of laser-cooled atoms (R. Gupta, S. Padua, T. Bergeman, H. Metcalf). The low (temperature) road toward Bose-Einstein condensation in optically and magnetically trapped cesium atoms (Ch. Monroe, E. Comell, C. Wieman). Manipulation of atoms by laser light (W. Ertmer). Laser manipulation of helium: the limits of the semi-classical description (A. Aspect et al.). Light manipulation of atoms (V.1. Balykin). Atom traps and atom optics (D.E. Pritchard and W. Ketterle). Electromagnetic traps for, charged and neutral particles (W. Paul). Laser cooling of trapped ions (W.M. Itano et al.). High-resolution atomic spectroscopy of laser-cooled ions (D.J. Wineland et al.).

Related papers

Cooling, Trapping and Manipulation of Neutral Atoms and Bose-Einstein Condensates by Electromagnetic Fields

Kristian Helmerson, William D. Phillips

We give a general discussion of the mechanical effects of light, and of laser cooling and trapping techniques. This is followed by a description of experiments in the manipulation of Bose-Einstein condensates with optical laser pulses.

Modern Physics Letters B•Sep 1, 2000•0 citations

Laser cooling of atoms

Vladilen S Letokhov

Abstract One of the most remarkable achievements of laser control is the manipulation of atomic particles, their velocities, positions, etc., which is referred to as laser cooling and laser trapping . These two effects are interrelated and usually prove effective when used jointly. That this is so one can see by considering as an example the laser cooling of trapped ions and the laser trapping of laser-cooled neutral atoms (Fig. 5.1). The sequences of processes in these two situations are directly opposite. Ions can easily be trapped in an electromagnetic trap of large depth (Paul 1990) and then be cooled for a long time by laser radiation (sideband cooling) (Wineland and Dehmelt 1975; Dehmelt 1990). Neutral atoms are first slowed down and cooled by laser radiation down to millikelvin temperatures, and only then confined in an optical trap. Trapped atoms can further be cooled to microkelvin temperatures. The present chapter and Chapter 6 consider the cooling and trapping of neutral atoms, the present chapter concentrating on their cooling, and Chapter 6 on trapping. But it would be reasonable first to familiarize the reader with the history of the early ideas in this field that eventually led to the advent of a new domain of physics—the physics of ultracold atoms and molecules (Chapters 7 and 8).

•Feb 15, 2007•1 citation

Cold Atoms

Dmitry Budker, Derek F Kimball, David P. DeMille

Abstract Laser cooling is an elegant and important tool that has been useful in many branches of atomic physics. For example, laser cooling has enabled the creation and study of Bose-Einstein condensates of dilute atomic vapors (Anderson et al. 1995, Bradley et al. 1995, Davis et al. 1995) and is a central feature in the latest generation of atomic clocks (Santarelli et al. 1999). The creation of cold atomic gases via laser cooling has provided a new venue in which to study atomic collision processes, nonlinear optical effects, and basic quantum-mechanical phenomena. There are innumerable excellent reviews on this vast subject – good starting points are the Nobel lectures by Chu (1998), Phillips (1998), and Cohen-Tannoudji (1998), as well as the text by Metcalf and Van der Straten (1999).

•Jul 24, 2008•0 citations

Laser manipulation of atoms. From incoherent atom optics to atom lasers

G. Grynberg, Alain Aspect, Claude Fabre +1 more

When the Nobel Prize for Physics was awarded to Claude Cohen-Tannoudji, William D. Philipps and Steven Chu in 1997 for the development of methods for cooling and trapping atoms using lasers, this was the reward for two decades of investigations not only touching upon the fundamental aspects of the light–matter interaction, but also leading to a range of applications. On the theoretical level, the advent of this field of research in the late 1970s stimulated the development of various theoretical methods for describing the radiative forces by which light affects the motion of atoms. On the experimental level, judicious use of the radiative forces exerted by lasers made it possible to obtain a drastic reduction of atomic velocities – in other words, to cool an atomic vapour. These advances were characterized by a remarkable cross-fertilization of theoretical and experimental innovations. It was not long before applications began to appear in the field of high-resolution spectroscopy, since ultracold, i.e. slow, atoms can be observed for longer periods, and this allows greater accuracy when measuring atomic resonance frequencies than could be obtained for atoms at room temperature. Based on such resonances, the most accurate clocks in the world use laser-cooled atoms or ions. Atom interferometry is another application of laser manipulation of atoms, which can be applied to measure inertial effects, due for example to the rotation of the Earth or the motion of a vehicle, with an accuracy that already exceeds traditional methods.

Cambridge University Press eBooks•Sep 2, 2010•0 citations

Laser Cooling and Trapping of Neutral Atoms, ed. by E. Arimondo, W. Phillips, and F. Strumia

William D. Phillips

•Jan 1, 1992•1 citation

Coherent and Collective Interactions of Particles and Radiation Beams: Varenna on Lake Como, Villa Monastero, 11-21 July 1995

Alain Aspect, William A. Barletta, R. Bonifacio +1 more

This work focuses on fundamental theoretical and experimental aspects of relativistic beam physics, recoil, and cooling phenomena in atomic and ion beams and traps, emphasizing coherence and collective effects. The physics of atomic laser and free electron laser, and the development of a bridge between them through the mechanism of the so-called recoil induced gain mechanism, is also examined, as are the links between relativistic beam physics and atomic laser physics. Topics include: laser cooling of trapped ions; optical lattices; spatio-temporal instabilities in optical systems; coherence in atom optics; coherent population trapping; two-level gain and collective recoil-induced effects; high-gain free electron laser - theory, experiments and projects; cooling of ion beams in a storage ring; and experiments on dense laser-cooled stored ion beams.

•Jan 1, 1997•0 citations

Beams of atoms and molecules (N.F. Ramsey). Momentum exchange between matter and light (S. Stenholm). Quantum effects in atomic optics (D.F. Walls). New laser cooling mechanisms (C. Cohen-Tannoudji). Laser cooling configurations (G. Nienhuis). Velocity-selective coherent population trapping in one and two dimensions (E. Arimondo). Coupled-pendulum model of the forces on three-level atoms (M. Prentiss et al.). Laser cooling and manipulation of atoms and selected applications (S. Chu). Laser cooling and trapping of neutral atoms (W.D. Phillips). Search for montional quantization of laser-cooled atoms (R. Gupta, S. Padua, T. Bergeman, H. Metcalf). The low (temperature) road toward Bose-Einstein condensation in optically and magnetically trapped cesium atoms (Ch. Monroe, E. Comell, C. Wieman). Manipulation of atoms by laser light (W. Ertmer). Laser manipulation of helium: the limits of the semi-classical description (A. Aspect et al.). Light manipulation of atoms (V.1. Balykin). Atom traps and atom optics (D.E. Pritchard and W. Ketterle). Electromagnetic traps for, charged and neutral particles (W. Paul). Laser cooling of trapped ions (W.M. Itano et al.). High-resolution atomic spectroscopy of laser-cooled ions (D.J. Wineland et al.).

Abstract One of the most remarkable achievements of laser control is the manipulation of atomic particles, their velocities, positions, etc., which is referred to as laser cooling and laser trapping . These two effects are interrelated and usually prove effective when used jointly. That this is so one can see by considering as an example the laser cooling of trapped ions and the laser trapping of laser-cooled neutral atoms (Fig. 5.1). The sequences of processes in these two situations are directly opposite. Ions can easily be trapped in an electromagnetic trap of large depth (Paul 1990) and then be cooled for a long time by laser radiation (sideband cooling) (Wineland and Dehmelt 1975; Dehmelt 1990). Neutral atoms are first slowed down and cooled by laser radiation down to millikelvin temperatures, and only then confined in an optical trap. Trapped atoms can further be cooled to microkelvin temperatures. The present chapter and Chapter 6 consider the cooling and trapping of neutral atoms, the present chapter concentrating on their cooling, and Chapter 6 on trapping. But it would be reasonable first to familiarize the reader with the history of the early ideas in this field that eventually led to the advent of a new domain of physics—the physics of ultracold atoms and molecules (Chapters 7 and 8).

Abstract Laser cooling is an elegant and important tool that has been useful in many branches of atomic physics. For example, laser cooling has enabled the creation and study of Bose-Einstein condensates of dilute atomic vapors (Anderson et al. 1995, Bradley et al. 1995, Davis et al. 1995) and is a central feature in the latest generation of atomic clocks (Santarelli et al. 1999). The creation of cold atomic gases via laser cooling has provided a new venue in which to study atomic collision processes, nonlinear optical effects, and basic quantum-mechanical phenomena. There are innumerable excellent reviews on this vast subject – good starting points are the Nobel lectures by Chu (1998), Phillips (1998), and Cohen-Tannoudji (1998), as well as the text by Metcalf and Van der Straten (1999).

When the Nobel Prize for Physics was awarded to Claude Cohen-Tannoudji, William D. Philipps and Steven Chu in 1997 for the development of methods for cooling and trapping atoms using lasers, this was the reward for two decades of investigations not only touching upon the fundamental aspects of the light–matter interaction, but also leading to a range of applications. On the theoretical level, the advent of this field of research in the late 1970s stimulated the development of various theoretical methods for describing the radiative forces by which light affects the motion of atoms. On the experimental level, judicious use of the radiative forces exerted by lasers made it possible to obtain a drastic reduction of atomic velocities – in other words, to cool an atomic vapour. These advances were characterized by a remarkable cross-fertilization of theoretical and experimental innovations. It was not long before applications began to appear in the field of high-resolution spectroscopy, since ultracold, i.e. slow, atoms can be observed for longer periods, and this allows greater accuracy when measuring atomic resonance frequencies than could be obtained for atoms at room temperature. Based on such resonances, the most accurate clocks in the world use laser-cooled atoms or ions. Atom interferometry is another application of laser manipulation of atoms, which can be applied to measure inertial effects, due for example to the rotation of the Earth or the motion of a vehicle, with an accuracy that already exceeds traditional methods.

This work focuses on fundamental theoretical and experimental aspects of relativistic beam physics, recoil, and cooling phenomena in atomic and ion beams and traps, emphasizing coherence and collective effects. The physics of atomic laser and free electron laser, and the development of a bridge between them through the mechanism of the so-called recoil induced gain mechanism, is also examined, as are the links between relativistic beam physics and atomic laser physics. Topics include: laser cooling of trapped ions; optical lattices; spatio-temporal instabilities in optical systems; coherence in atom optics; coherent population trapping; two-level gain and collective recoil-induced effects; high-gain free electron laser - theory, experiments and projects; cooling of ion beams in a storage ring; and experiments on dense laser-cooled stored ion beams.