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Theoretical Model for Sub-Wavelength Atomic Localization Based on Surface Plasmon Polariton Dispersion and Orbital Angular Momentum

Najm Uddin, Reem Altuijri, Mohamed Rabea Eid, Abdel‐Haleem Abdel‐Aty, Ali Akgül, Murad Khan Hassani, Abdul Qayyum Khan

Published Oct 6, 2025• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

Abstract This manuscript theoretically investigates atomic microscopy at the interface of a silver-silica (AgSiO 2 ) Nano-composite and cesium atomic medium, incorporating surface plasmon polariton dispersion relations and the effect of Orbital Angular Momentum (OAM). The localization mechanism is determined by the absorption spectrum of surface plasmon polaritons (SPPs), which is influenced by the imaginary part of the propagation constant [Im (ksp)]. Here's the simplified version. The position of atoms may be controlled by altering (OAM) and field parameters, including probe detuning (δ p ), control field detuning (δ 1,2 ), decay rates (γ 1,2,3,4 ), Nano-composite volume percentage (f v ), Rabi frequencies (Ω 1,2 ) and position independent part of Rabi frequencies (G 1,2 ). The suggested scheme gains sub-wavelength spatial resolution in atom localization, with potential applications in atom nanolithography and in the process of neutral atom trapping and laser cooling and more. These findings demonstrate how important quantum-plasmonic interactions are to sophisticated atomic manipulation methods.

DOI
10.21203/rs.3.rs-7284850/v1

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Abstract Two-dimensional atomic microscopy is governed by the dispersion relation of surface plasmon polariton (SPP) waves at the interface between sodium metal and multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs). The absorption or damping spectrum of these SPP waves encodes critical information about atomic localization. In accordance with Heisenberg microscopy, atoms can be localized with a resolution of along any spatial axis ( x, y , or z ). In this study, we tune the dispersion relation of SPPs by adjusting control fields and the parameters of MWCNTs. By adjusting these parameters, we achieve control over the number and positioning of single, double, and multiple localized peaks within a single wavelength domain in the damping spectrum of SPPs on a two-dimensional plane. Notably, we demonstrate atomic localization at scales significantly smaller than , with peak widths reduced to below along both x - and y -axes. Furthermore, we manipulate the shape and arrangement of localization peaks, achieving loop-like, wall-like, crater-like, and Gaussian profiles. These advancements have potential applications in high-precision atomic position measurement, nano-lithography, and Bose-Einstein condensation.
We develop a new scheme of two-dimensional (2D) and three-dimensional (3D) atom localization via absorption and gain spectra of surface plasmon polaritons (SPPs) in a closed loop four-level atomic system. For the atom–field interaction, we construct a spatially dependent field by superimposing two (three) standing-wave fields (SWFs) in 2D (3D) atom localization, respectively. We achieve high-precision and high spatial resolution of an atom localization by appropriately adjusting the system parameters such as probe field detuning and phase shifts of the SWFs. The absorption and gain spectra are used to attain information about the position of an atom in SPPs. Our proposed scheme opens up a fascinating way to improve the atom localization that supplies some practical applications in a high-dimensional SPPs.
Abstract This work examines the 3D localization microscopy of atoms through a new technique employing absorption spectroscopy within a four-level atomic system under multi-wave mixing (MWM) conditions, combined with surface plasmon polaritons (SPPs). The method facilitates the determination of cylindrical and ellipsoidal atomic localization patterns, as well as the realization of one and two atom localization microscopy. The detuning, intensity, phase, and orientation of the applied driving fields are adjusted to precisely control and modulate the probability distribution of localized atoms. The spatial confinement and transitions between distinct localization patterns are significantly influenced by these parameters, which provide a high degree of modification and tunability. The results also illustrate the formation of ellipsoidal localizations across multiple quadrants, as well as the controllable shifting between two localized cylindrical patterns and a unified single-cylinder structure. The findings of this study have the potential to considerably accelerate the development of applications in laser cooling and quantum information processing.