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Chinese Science Bulletin (Chinese Version)

Research progress in quantum simulation based on ultracold atomic momentum lattice

Dizhou Xie, Bo Yan

Published Aug 8, 2025• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

超冷原子量子模拟是当前物理学一个重要的前沿研究方向. 它利用超冷原子量子性能优越、相互作用可调等优势, 针对特定重要物理模型开展量子模拟研究, 取得令人瞩目的成果. 近年来, 通过等效维度概念的引入, 量子模拟的范畴被大大拓展, 不再局限于实空间. 超冷原子和等效维度的结合, 可构建高度可编辑的通用量子模拟平台. 超冷原子动量晶格量子模拟就是其中具有代表性的研究方向, 它使用原子的外态(动量态)作为等效维度, 充分利用超冷原子动量分布高度集中、相干时间长的优势, 构建了单格点高度可调的格点模型, 在拓扑物理、局域化效应、非厄米物理等领域取得重要研究进展, 成为一个广受关注的平台体系. 本文对近年来动量晶格研究进展进行综述, 梳理其技术发展脉络, 讨论其物理研究内涵, 并展望了未来发展方向.

DOI
10.1360/csb-2025-5009

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超冷原子量子模拟是当前物理学一个重要的前沿研究方向. 它利用超冷原子量子性能优越、相互作用可调等优势, 针对特定重要物理模型开展量子模拟研究, 取得令人瞩目的成果. 近年来, 通过等效维度概念的引入, 量子模拟的范畴被大大拓展, 不再局限于实空间. 超冷原子和等效维度的结合, 可构建高度可编辑的通用量子模拟平台. 超冷原子动量晶格量子模拟就是其中具有代表性的研究方向, 它使用原子的外态(动量态)作为等效维度, 充分利用超冷原子动量分布高度集中、相干时间长的优势, 构建了单格点高度可调的格点模型, 在拓扑物理、局域化效应、非厄米物理等领域取得重要研究进展, 成为一个广受关注的平台体系. 本文对近年来动量晶格研究进展进行综述, 梳理其技术发展脉络, 讨论其物理研究内涵, 并展望了未来发展方向.
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Owing to rapid recent progress, ultracold atomic lattice systems for simulating topological phases are now at a pivotal stage, evolving from established paradigms into increasingly versatile and programmable quantum simulators. In this review, we survey recent experimental advances across four major classes of platforms: optical lattices, including optical lattices with laser-assisted tunneling and optical Raman lattices; synthetic lattices in momentum or internal-state space; Floquet-engineered lattices; and optical tweezer arrays, all of which offer distinct capabilities for realizing and probing topological matter. For each class, we highlight representative experimental breakthroughs, the topological models that have been realized, and the advanced detection and characterization techniques employed, emphasizing how these complementary approaches collectively expand the frontier of quantum simulation. We also discuss emerging directions in strongly correlated and nonequilibrium topological phases, and conclude with an outlook on future prospects.
Abstract : The goal of this research program is to investigate strongly-correlated many-body phases that emerge when interacting fermions occupy the p-orbital band of an optical lattice. Progress made toward this objective included demonstration of a site-resolved, continuously deformable two-dimensional honeycomb/triangular lattice and loading of Li-6 atoms into a triangular configuration of lattice beams. Further, a novel solid state laser source for 671 nm light was developed and new methods for rapidly controlling interactions between fermionic Li-6 atoms were demonstrated. While making this progress, scientific opportunities arose to make discoveries in other research areas of interest to the AFOSR. Specifically, the scope of the project was broadened to include studies of s-wave collisional frequency shifts in an ultracold Fermi gas (relevant for improving/characterizing the accuracy of next generation atomic clocks), the realization of momentum dependent s-wave interactions in a Fermi gas (relevant for quantum simulation), and the realization of multi-partite entangled states by dissipative exothermic collisions in a one-dimensional Fermi gas (relevant for quantum metrology).