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Physical Review A

Tunable photonic spin Hall effect in a tripod atom-light configuration

Muqaddar Abbas, Pei Zhang, Hamid Reza Hamedi

Published Apr 7, 2025• 17 citations
Publisher

Abstract

We propose a four-level tripod atom-light coupling scheme to manipulate the photonic spin Hall effect (PSHE) in the reflected probe light. Our study demonstrates that the tripod configuration enables enhanced PSHE near the Brewster angle upon reflection for the probe field, with significantly stronger transverse shifts at resonance compared to off-resonance conditions. The PSHE shift is maximized when all fields are resonant, aligning with the transparency point of the system, and is notably weaker under off-resonant conditions, where gain effects dominate. Additionally, the tripod scheme enables an enhanced transverse shift for the signal field at resonance, resulting in dual-field PSHE enhancement. This combined enhancement of transverse shift for both probe and signal fields underscores the superiority of the tripod configuration in achieving maximized PSHE shifts, surpassing prior schemes and opening new possibilities for advanced applications in spin-photonic devices.

DOI
10.1103/physreva.111.043708

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We propose a four-level tripod atom-light coupling scheme to manipulate the photonic spin Hall effect (PSHE) in the reflected probe light. Our study demonstrates that the tripod configuration enables enhanced PSHE near the Brewster angle upon reflection for the probe field, with significantly stronger transverse shifts at resonance compared to off-resonance conditions. The PSHE shift is maximized when all fields are resonant, aligning with the transparency point of the system, and is notably weaker under off-resonant conditions, where gain effects dominate. Additionally, the tripod scheme enables an enhanced transverse shift for the signal field at resonance, resulting in dual-field PSHE enhancement. This combined enhancement of transverse shift for both probe and signal fields underscores the superiority of the tripod configuration in achieving maximized PSHE shifts, surpassing prior schemes and opening new possibilities for advanced applications in spin-photonic devices.
We theoretically investigate the transverse photonic spin Hall effect (PSHE) in a cavity structure containing a double-tripod (DT) atomic medium. We show that the internal topology of the double-tripod system can be coherently reconfigured through the relative phase of the control fields and the two-photon detuning, leading to qualitatively distinct effective configurations. These structural transformations reshape the transparency bandwidth, absorption spectrum, and dispersive slope, which in turn govern the spin-dependent reflection phase responsible for the PSHE. We demonstrate that large transverse shifts emerge in low-loss dispersive windows and are strongly enhanced near the Brewster angle due to the sensitive dependence of the reflection phase on the optical response. The magnitude, spectral range, and even sign of the spin-dependent displacement can be reversibly tuned by adjusting the phase, detuning, and atomic density. Our results reveal that cavity-assisted DT media provide a reconfigurable platform in which internal quantum interference directly maps to controllable spin–orbit photonic transport.
This paper theoretically investigates the manipulation of the photonic spin Hall effect (photonic SHE) using a four-level closed coherent control coupling scheme in a cavity. The atomic system is configured to function as a combined Tripod and Lambda (CTL), Lambda Λ, and N-level model by properly adjusting the control field strengths and their relative phases. The system demonstrates multiple transparency windows in the CTL configuration, allowing the tunable photonic SHE to be used over a wider range of probe field detuning. At probe field resonance under the condition of electromagnetic induced transparency (EIT), the Λ-type system exhibits photonic SHE similar to the CTL system, showing a maximum upper limit of photonic SHE equal to half of the incident beam waist. This upper limit arises due to zero absorption and dispersion. Control field strengths and atomic density do not influence photonic SHE at resonance for both atomic configurations. Our findings reveal that atomic density and strength of control fields significantly influence photonic SHE in the N-type model at resonance, offering additional control parameters for tuning photonic SHE. Finally, the results are equally valid and applicable to conventional Λ-type and N-type atomic systems, making the findings broadly relevant in cavity atomic systems. The results of angular photonic SHE are also discussed.
The photonic spin Hall effect (PSHE), a result of spin-orbit interaction, has attracted significant interest because of its fundamental importance and potential applications. Optical losses are ubiquitous, which inherently suppress the photonic spin Hall shift (PSHS). In this work, we consider an atomic medium that exhibits both absorption and transparency to investigate and mitigate the effects of loss on PSHS. We demonstrate that laser-induced coherence in an atomic medium, leading to electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) at resonance, counteracts the detrimental effects of losses on the PSHS. Upon EIT in a coherent medium enclosed within dielectric slabs, the reflectivity of the incident polarized state is reduced near Brewster's angle to enhance PSHS. Moreover, the tunable refractive index of the atomic medium enables the manipulation of PSHS without structural modifications with a tiny loss. Our proposed loss-free approach to PSHS may enable advanced optical sensing and other spin-based applications.
In the photonic spin Hall effect (SHE), also known as the transverse shift, incident light photons with opposite spins are spatially separated in the transverse direction due to the spin-orbit interaction of light. Here, we propose a gain-assisted model to control the SHE in the reflected probe light. In this model, a probe light is incident on a cavity containing a three-level dilute gaseous atomic medium, where the interaction between the atom and the control field follows two-photon Raman transitions. We show that the direction of photonic spin accumulations can be switched between positive and negative values across the Brewster angle in both the anomalous and normal dispersion regimes. For the same magnitude of control fields, the peak value of the photonic SHE is higher in the anomalous dispersion region compared to the normal dispersion regime. Additionally, the angular range around the Brewster angle is wider in the normal dispersion regime than in the anomalous dispersion region. Furthermore, the peak value of the photonic SHE and the angular range can be controlled by changing the Rabi frequencies of the control fields and the probe field detuning. The measurement of photonic SHE based on gain assistance may enable spin-related applications such as optical sensing.
Abstract The Photonic spin Hall effect (PSHE) offers fundamental insights into spin–orbit interactions of light, yet its control over compact, tunable platforms remains a challenge. Here, we investigate the PSHE in a solid-state platform of N -coupled quantum dots (CQDs), focusing on both the linear absorption and Kerr nonlinear regimes. On this platform, an external electric field controls electron tunneling between CQDs, resulting in multiple tunneling-induced transparency windows. We report a giant enhancement of the Kerr nonlinearity, achieving orders-of-magnitude increases while suppressing linear absorption—a domain that is favorable for low-power nonlinear photonics. Exploiting this, we demonstrate that the PSHE shift can be drastically enhanced and controlled by tuning the excited-state transition frequency and tunneling strengths, which significantly modify the Brewster angle. This active nonlinear control improves static nanostructures by combining the tunability of atomic systems with the functionality of an integrable quantum material. Our results establish N -CQDs as a viable platform for producing giant Kerr nonlinearity-driven PSHE, opening up new possibilities for tunable low-power spin–orbit light control in quantum photonics.
This paper theoretically investigates the coherent manipulation of the photonic spin hall shift in a four-level dielectric medium. The light beam interacts with cavity having four-level dielectric medium under the Doppler broadening effect. The Doppler broadening effect influences the spin hall shift in atomic media, refers to the enhancement of spin-dependent transverse shifts of light due to the thermal motion of atoms, which broadens the atomic resonance response. The photonic spin hall shift is modified to exhibit either positive or negative values, depending on the applied driving fields. The maximum spin hall shift lies in − 20 λ ≤ S p L , R ≤ 20 λ with an angle of incidence ( θ i = 0.6 radian). The minimum spin hall shift lies in the range ± 9.410 λ ≤ S p L , R ≤ ± 9.435 λ versus control field detuning ( δ 1 = 0 Γ and δ 1 = 1 Γ ). The results are especially valuable in fields like sensing technology, quantum computing and optical communication.