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arXiv:2406.10565 · Physical Review A

Gain-assisted control of the photonic spin Hall effect

Muhammad Waseem, Muzamil Shah, Gao Xianlong

Published Sep 9, 2024• 30 citations
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Abstract

In the photonic spin Hall effect (SHE), also known as the transverse shift, incident light photons with opposite spins are spatially separated in the transverse direction due to the spin-orbit interaction of light. Here, we propose a gain-assisted model to control the SHE in the reflected probe light. In this model, a probe light is incident on a cavity containing a three-level dilute gaseous atomic medium, where the interaction between the atom and the control field follows two-photon Raman transitions. We show that the direction of photonic spin accumulations can be switched between positive and negative values across the Brewster angle in both the anomalous and normal dispersion regimes. For the same magnitude of control fields, the peak value of the photonic SHE is higher in the anomalous dispersion region compared to the normal dispersion regime. Additionally, the angular range around the Brewster angle is wider in the normal dispersion regime than in the anomalous dispersion region. Furthermore, the peak value of the photonic SHE and the angular range can be controlled by changing the Rabi frequencies of the control fields and the probe field detuning. The measurement of photonic SHE based on gain assistance may enable spin-related applications such as optical sensing.

DOI
10.1103/physreva.110.033104

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A gain-assisted model is considered to study the Goos-H$\stackrel{\ifmmode \ddot{}\else \"{}\fi{}}{\text{a}}$nchen (GH) shift behavior in the reflected and transmitted light. In this model, a probe light is incident on a cavity containing three-level dilute gaseous atomic medium. The atom-field interaction follows two-photon Raman transitions, and the dielectric susceptibility of the medium exhibits dispersion and gain properties [L. J. Wang, A. Kuzmich, and A. Dogariu, Nature (London) 406, 227 (2000)]. Under appropriate conditions, two gain peaks are observed with anomalous dispersion between the peaks, whereas normal dispersion can be observed at and around the gain maxima. The manipulation of the detuning associated with the probe light field which interacts with the intracavity medium during its propagation through the cavity can lead to a control over negative and positive GH shift in the reflected and transmitted light beam via the anomalous and normal dispersion of the medium.
We theoretically investigate the transverse photonic spin Hall effect (PSHE) in a cavity structure containing a double-tripod (DT) atomic medium. We show that the internal topology of the double-tripod system can be coherently reconfigured through the relative phase of the control fields and the two-photon detuning, leading to qualitatively distinct effective configurations. These structural transformations reshape the transparency bandwidth, absorption spectrum, and dispersive slope, which in turn govern the spin-dependent reflection phase responsible for the PSHE. We demonstrate that large transverse shifts emerge in low-loss dispersive windows and are strongly enhanced near the Brewster angle due to the sensitive dependence of the reflection phase on the optical response. The magnitude, spectral range, and even sign of the spin-dependent displacement can be reversibly tuned by adjusting the phase, detuning, and atomic density. Our results reveal that cavity-assisted DT media provide a reconfigurable platform in which internal quantum interference directly maps to controllable spin–orbit photonic transport.