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Coherent Manipulation and Magnitude of Optical Force in Chiral Medium

Iqbal Hussain, Asghar Ali, Nassir Alarifi, Mostafa Ragab Abukhadra, Jeong Ryeol Choi

Published Feb 24, 2025• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

The study investigate control of the optical force and its modification with variation of the driving field’s strength in the system levels of the chiral medium for left and right circular polarized light. In addition to orbital and magnetic and spin quantum numbers of applied fields, significant vector field arrows of optical force in chiral media are examined using spatial coordinates, detuning , Rabi frequency and decay rates. The parameters of the probe and control fields’ detuning along with their decay rates and phases are provided to determine the optical force in chiral medium both for left and right circularly polarized fields. The optical force is a function of orbital, magnetic and spin quantum numbers. Using phase, detuning, and Rabi frequency of the control fields as variables, the minimum value of optical force measure is 0.003pN for probe detuning and spatial coordinate while the maximum value of optical force for normalized detuning and transverse radial coordinate is measured to be 0.2pN. Potential uses of optical force in fundamental optics, molecular physics, optomechanics, material science, nanoscience, quantum physics, radar, waveguide, antennas and optical tweezers technology are demonstrated by the results.

DOI
10.20944/preprints202502.1836.v1

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The study investigate control of the optical force and its modification with variation of the driving field’s strength in the system levels of the chiral medium for left and right circular polarized light. In addition to orbital and magnetic and spin quantum numbers of applied fields, significant vector field arrows of optical force in chiral media are examined using spatial coordinates, detuning , Rabi frequency and decay rates. The parameters of the probe and control fields’ detuning along with their decay rates and phases are provided to determine the optical force in chiral medium both for left and right circularly polarized fields. The optical force is a function of orbital, magnetic and spin quantum numbers. Using phase, detuning, and Rabi frequency of the control fields as variables, the minimum value of optical force measure is 0.003pN for probe detuning and spatial coordinate while the maximum value of optical force for normalized detuning and transverse radial coordinate is measured to be 0.2pN. Potential uses of optical force in fundamental optics, molecular physics, optomechanics, material science, nanoscience, quantum physics, radar, waveguide, antennas and optical tweezers technology are demonstrated by the results.
Abstract The birefringence of rotary photon drags is investigated through induced chiral atomic medium. The birefringence of refractive and group indices, divergent angle and rotary photon drags were controlled and modified with detuning, phases and strength of Rabi frequencies of the driving fields. The value of divergent angle oscillated between ±0.01 radian with phases of control fields φ 3,4 and is minimum at φ 3 = π , while maximum at φ 4 = π . The right and left circularly polarized beams are drag clockwise due clockwise spinning of the medium in the normal dispersive region, while the right and left circularly polarized beams are drag clockwise due anticlockwise spinning of the medium in anomalous dispersive region. The maximum rotary photon drags of birefringent beams of light is calculated to ±5 milli radian. The results show advancement in molecular structure, dual image coding and image designing technology.
Chiral materials possess some unusual properties which make them interesting for useful applications in nanophotonics. In this work, we review the basic techniques used to achieve electromagnetically induced chirality in initially isotropic materials and mention some of their novel operations. Next, we investigate the transmission characteristics of two different multi-level atomic models in which chirality is introduced by magnetoelectric cross coupling of external electromagnetic fields with atomic transitions, leading to quantum coherence. The left-(lcp) and right-circularly polarized (rcp) beams, the two eigenmodes of a chiral medium, are shown to transmit in an anti-symmetric manner with respect to the probe field detuning and control field magnitude variations. This selective transmission of a particular mode at specific detunings may find applications in optical isolation and storage. We further demonstrate that the driving control fields and their effective phase can be used as tuning knobs to manipulate the medium's birefringence and the transmission of the eigenmodes.
The structured vector fields of circularly polarized light , comprising both left and right (RCP and LCP) beams superposed in the atomic medium are investigated in this work. At resonance in the anomalous/normal dispersion area, both RCP and LCP beams with a non-negative and non-positive group index of ± 40 have been recorded. RCP and LCP beam group velocities are enhanced to ± 1 . 5 × 1 0 9 m / s at δ = 0 . 15 Γ , that is surpassing the speed of light in vacuum, denoted as ”c” leading to superluminal propagation. The RCP is superluminal and the LCP subluminal at the resonance point of the probe field. The group delay for The LCP beam is positive and the RCP beam is non-positive. The worth of the group delay for RCP and LCP beams varies to ± 4 n s . The superposing structured vectors field of superluminal and subluminal circularly polarized light beams on the right and left E R , L ( r , φ ) are strong variation function of detuning of probe field δ / Γ , Rabi frequency of control field Λ 3 / Γ and phase of collective driving fields φ . The results are useful for the modification of powerful computers.
Abstract We examine propagation of the linear polarized pulse through a medium containing four-level double V-type atoms. The medium is made chiral by the cross coupling of the applied electromagnetic fields. We show that such medium can be used as a polarization splitter of the probe pulse where the spatially refracted left and right circular polarized components propagate independently due to their distinct phase velocities. We find that dispersion characteristics of the chiral medium can be manipulated by the controlling parameters of the system. Consequently, both the left and right circular polarized components exhibit sub and superluminal propagation characteristics for suitable choices of the probe field detuning and external control fields. It is found that for both polarized components a switching from sub to superluminal behavior may be achieved by adjusting the probe field detuning. In addition, splitting of the left and right circular polarized components and hence peak value of the group time delay and advance may be tuned via the strengths of the control fields. Our results may find applications in spintronics, magnetic quantum optics, images coding and cloaking technology.
We demonstrate that light propagation in reciprocal chiral photonic media admits a unified description in terms of an emergent Dirac structure in helicity space. Starting from Maxwell's equations, we reformulate the electromagnetic field as a four-component spinor governed by an effective non-Hermitian optical Dirac equation. In this representation, the magnetoelectric response of the chiral medium appears as a helicity-dependent background that modifies the spectrum and eigenmodes, while the breaking of the spin-degenerate condition generates the intrinsic spin-orbit coupling between helicity and orbital degrees of freedom. After projection onto the positive-frequency sector, the theory reduces to an exact two-level helicity-orbital model. This model is found to have an analytical solution and describes coherent Rabi-like oscillations between spin-orbit-coupled vector modes. Chirality controls the helicity splitting and detuning, whereas the electromagnetic mismatch of the medium determines the coupling strength responsible for oscillatory spin-orbit conversion. The resulting dynamics is constrained by exact conservation of the total angular momentum, leading to reversible conversion between spin and orbital angular momentum with well-defined selection rules. Our work establishes an optical Dirac framework for structured light in chiral media, and provides experimentally accessible predictions for chirality-controlled oscillations, polarization dynamics, and orbital angular momentum conversion in structured optical fields.
Birefringence and dichroism in atomic systems are active areas of research. Circular dichroism is typically observed in chiral atoms, molecules (such as DNA), and optically asymmetric materials. These phenomena enable polarization-based selectivity and high-precision measurements with applications in optical systems, biomedical diagnostics, and advanced photonics. Meanwhile, negative-refractive-index materials offer exotic applications in optics and photonics, including superresolution imaging, invisibility cloaking, and subwavelength imaging. Here we identify a route to achieving birefringence and dichroism in a left-handed system. We investigate the optical activity of an atomic left-handed medium, analyzing the interaction of left- and right-circularly polarized light with different atomic states while incorporating local field corrections. Notably, our results demonstrate simultaneous left-handedness for both polarization states. Furthermore, we find that electric birefringence and dichroism are significantly enhanced with increasing control field strength, while magnetic birefringence and dichroism can be fully controlled via strong laser coupling. These findings have promising implications in fields at the interface of left-handedness and dichroism.