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Journal of Physics Conference Series

Kerr-Quintic Nonlinearities in Graphene Quantum Dot

Abhijit Shayam, Monika Nath, Rohit Mukherjee, Nitu Borgohain

Published Dec 1, 2024• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

Abstract This paper deals with the higher-order nonlinearities in graphene quantum dots as defect layer in one dimensional photonic crystal. A weak probe pulse and two strong control laser beams are employed in a close loop ladder type configuration under an electromagnetically induced transparency regime. In the system, the existence of third- and fifth-order susceptibilities are found to be as large as ~10−15 m 2/V 2, and ~10−27 m 4/V 4, respectively, at the probe wavelength 1.55 μm. The systems possessing such large nonlinearities can be employed to fabricate nonlinear optical devices, operable at much low power level.

DOI
10.1088/1742-6596/2919/1/012028

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Abstract This paper deals with the higher-order nonlinearities in graphene quantum dots as defect layer in one dimensional photonic crystal. A weak probe pulse and two strong control laser beams are employed in a close loop ladder type configuration under an electromagnetically induced transparency regime. In the system, the existence of third- and fifth-order susceptibilities are found to be as large as ~10−15 m 2/V 2, and ~10−27 m 4/V 4, respectively, at the probe wavelength 1.55 μm. The systems possessing such large nonlinearities can be employed to fabricate nonlinear optical devices, operable at much low power level.
Abstract This paper presents the dynamics of Kerr nonlinearity and the phenomenon of slow group velocity in a Quantum Dot (QD) system, using the mechanism of electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT). Employing a three-level QD setup and leveraging a ladder-type excitation approach, we analyse the interaction between a weak probe pulse and a strong control beam. By employing density matrix formalism, we derive the expressions for both linear and nonlinear optical susceptibilities, along with first-order linear dispersion terms. Our findings reveal that susceptibilities in the QD system, both linear and nonlinear, can be finely adjusted to desired probe frequencies through control parameter manipulation. Moreover, under the EIT regime, we observe the Kerr susceptibility on the order of 10−12 m2 V2 at a probe wavelength 1.359 μm. Additionally, the group velocity of the probe field experiences a remarkable slowdown by a factor of 103 compared to the speed of light in vacuum. Results obtained may have potential applications in fabricating nonlinear optical devices.
Hybrid nanocomposites can provide a promising platform for integrated optics. Optical nonlinearity can significantly widen the range of applications of such structures. In the present paper, a theoretical investigation is carried out by solving the density matrix equations derived for a metal nanoparticles-graphene nanodisks-quantum dots hybrid system interacting with weak probe and strong control fields, in the steady state. We derive analytical expressions for linear and third-order nonlinear susceptibilities of the probe field. A giant self-Kerr nonlinear index of refraction is obtained in the optical region with relatively low light intensity. The optical absorption spectrum of the system demonstrates electromagnetically induced transparency and amplification without population inversion in the linear optical response arising from the negative real part of the polarizabilities for the plasmonic components at the energy of the localized surface plasmon resonance of the graphene nanodisks induced by the probe field. We find that the self-Kerr nonlinear optical properties of the system can be controlled by the geometrical features of the system, the size of metal nanoparticles and the strength of the control field. The controllable self-Kerr nonlinearities of hybrid nanocomposites can be employed in many interesting applications of modern integrated optics devices allowing for high nonlinearity with relatively low light intensity.
This article presents an exclusive study of the linear and higher-order susceptibilities, as well as the reduction in group index of a weak probe pulse in a three-level Landau-quantized graphene (LQG) system, under the influence of a strong control field, utilizing the phenomenon of electromagnetically induced transparency. The influence of the magnetic field on the higher-order nonlinearities (Kerr, quintic, and septic) leads to observable changes in amplitudes and shifts in probe frequencies. The LQG system exhibits giant values for these nonlinear susceptibilities with χ(3), χ(5), χ(7) reaching magnitudes approximately ∼10−18m3/V2, ∼10−30m5/V4, and ∼10−42m7/V6, respectively, in the mid-infrared range. The magnetic field also induces asymmetric absorption peaks and modifies dispersion profiles. The study also demonstrates a reduction in the group velocity of the probe, under the effect of the magnetic field, by 1000-fold compared to the speed of light in free space. These giant higher-order nonlinearities, coupled with significantly reduced group velocity, suggest that the LQG system is a quick responder, revealing it as an excellent candidate for terahertz modulation. This also highlights the potential of the system as a promising material for generating and detecting coherent nonlinear signals in the mid-infrared range.
In this communication we have predicted the existence of large fifth order nonlinearity in triple quantum well structures, that arises due to the interaction of a weak optical probe pulse and two strong continuous laser beams. A fifth order nonlinear susceptibility of the order ∼10−25 m4 /V4 has been estimated within the electromagnetically induced transparency window. The fifth order nonlinearity could be controlled by controlling the values of detuning and Rabi-frequencies of the control field.
We discuss the light pulse propagation in a one-dimensional photonic crystal doped by graphene quantum dots in a defect layer. The graphene quantum dots behave as a three-level quantum system and are driven by three coherent laser fields. It is shown that the group velocity of the transmitted and reflected pulses can be switched from subluminal to superluminal light propagation by adjusting the relative phase of the applied fields. Furthermore, it is found that by proper choice of the phase difference between applied fields, the weak probe field amplification is achieved through a one-dimensional photonic crystal. In this way, the result is simultaneous subluminal transmission and reflection.