Results in Physics

Microwave spectroscopy assisted by electromagnetically induced transparency near natural Förster resonance on Rubidium

Naomy Duarte Gomes, Daniel Varela Magalhães, Jorge Douglas Massayuki Kondo, Luís Gustavo Marcassa

Published Dec 17, 2024• 1 citation

Abstract

In this work, we precisely measure the transition energies between the Rydberg state n D 5 / 2 to the nearby Rydberg states ( n + 2 ) P 3 / 2 , ( n − 2 ) F 7 / 2 in 85 Rb for the range 41 ≤ n ≤ 46 . This was done by carrying out microwave spectroscopy via electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) in a room temperature vapor reference cell of rubidium, which is similar to the experimental approach followed by Li et al., (2021). This range is interesting because there is a quasi Förster resonance between the atomic pair 43 D 5 / 2 + 43 D 5 / 2 and 45 P 3 / 2 + 41 F 7 / 2 . We compared the obtained results with numerically calculated transition energies based on previously tabulated quantum defect numbers by various research groups using both hot and ultra-cold atomic samples. Our data are more consistent with measurements made within ultra-cold atomic systems (Li et al., 2003; Han et al., 2006). • Precision Metrology. • Quantum Atomic Sensor. • Quantum Information Processing. • Quantum Computation. • Quantum Technologies.

DOI: 10.1016/j.rinp.2024.108081

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Results in Physics

Microwave spectroscopy assisted by electromagnetically induced transparency near natural Förster resonance on Rubidium

Naomy Duarte Gomes, Daniel Varela Magalhães, Jorge Douglas Massayuki Kondo, Luís Gustavo Marcassa

Published Dec 17, 2024• 1 citation

Publisher

Abstract

DOI: 10.1016/j.rinp.2024.108081

Related papers

Microwave spectroscopy assisted by electromagnetically induced transparency near natural Förster resonance on Rubidium

Naomy Duarte Gomes, Daniel Varela Magalhães, Jorge Douglas Massayuki Kondo +1 more

In this work, we precisely measure the transition energies between the Rydberg state n $\text{D}_{5/2}$ to the nearby Rydberg states $(\e{n}+2)\text{P}_{3/2}$, $(\e{n}-2)\text{F}_{7/2}$ for the range $41\leq \e{n}\leq46$. This was done by carrying out microwave spectroscopy via Electromagnetically Induced Transparency (EIT) in a room temperature vapor reference cell of Rubidium, which is similar to the experimental approach followed by Li et al. [Results in Physics \textbf{29}, 104728 (2021)]. This range is interesting because there is a quasi Förster resonance between the atomic pair $43\text{D}_{5/2}+43\text{D}_{5/2}$ and $45\text{P}_{3/2}+41\text{F}_{7/2}$ . We compared the obtained results with numerically calculated transition energies based on previously tabulated quantum defect numbers by various research groups using both hot and ultra-cold atomic samples. Our data are more consistent with measurements made within ultra-cold atomic systems [Phys. Rev. A \textbf{67}, 052502 (2003), Phys. Rev. A \textbf{74}, 054502 (2006)].In this work, we precisely measure the transition energies between the Rydberg state n$\text{D}_{5/2}$ to the nearby Rydberg states $(\e{n}+2)\text{P}_{3/2}$, $(\e{n}-2)\text{F}_{7/2}$ for the range $41\leq \e{n}\leq46$. This was done by carrying out microwave spectroscopy via Electromagnetically Induced Transparency (EIT) in a room temperature vapor reference cell of Rubidium, which is similar to the experimental approach followed by Li et al. [Results in Physics \textbf{29}, 104728 (2021)]. This range is interesting because there is a quasi Förster resonance between the atomic pair $43\text{D}_{5/2}+43\text{D}_{5/2}$ and $45\text{P}_{3/2}+41\text{F}_{7/2}$. We compared the obtained results with numerically calculated transition energies based on previously tabulated quantum defect numbers by various research groups using both hot and ultra-cold atomic samples. Our data are more consistent with measurements made within ultra-cold atomic systems [Phys. Rev. A \textbf{67}, 052502 (2003), Phys. Rev. A \textbf{74}, 054502 (2006)].

arXiv:2406.17735Jun 25, 20240 citations

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We present a study of the Rydberg spectrum in $^{39}\mathrm{K}$ for $nS$ and $n{D}_{3/2}$ series connected to $5{\phantom{\rule{0.16em}{0ex}}}^{2}{P}_{1/2}$ using two-photon spectroscopy based on electromagnetically induced transparency in a heated vapor cell. We observed some 80 transitions from $5{P}_{1/2}$ to Rydberg states with principal quantum numbers $n\ensuremath{\sim}50--90$, and determined their transition frequencies and state energies with sub-GHz precision. Our spectroscopy results lay the groundwork for using Rydberg atoms as sensitive microwave photon detectors in searches for dark matter axions in the $\ensuremath{\sim}40--200 \ensuremath{\mu}\mathrm{eV}$ mass range, which is a prime range for future axion searches suggested by theory studies.We present a study of the Rydberg spectrum in $^{39}\mathrm{K}$ for $nS$ and $n{D}_{3/2}$ series connected to $5{\phantom{\rule{0.16em}{0ex}}}^{2}{P}_{1/2}$ using two-photon spectroscopy based on electromagnetically induced transparency in a heated vapor cell. We observed some 80 transitions from $5{P}_{1/2}$ to Rydberg states with principal quantum numbers $n\ensuremath{\sim}50--90$, and determined their transition frequencies and state energies with sub-GHz precision. Our spectroscopy results lay the groundwork for using Rydberg atoms as sensitive microwave photon detectors in searches for dark matter axions in the $\ensuremath{\sim}40--200 \ensuremath{\mu}\mathrm{eV}$ mass range, which is a prime range for future axion searches suggested by theory studies.

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A high sensitivity spectroscopy of Rydberg atoms is presented by using electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) in the 6S(1/2)-6P(3/2)-n D ladder-type system of cesium vapor cell at room temperature. The EIT spectra of 40 D Rydberg state are measured and the dependences of the EIT magnitude and linewidth on the coupling laser power are investigated in detail. The Rydberg EIT linewidth is measured to be about 5.6 MHz when the powers of probe and coupling lasers are 50 microW and 5.2 mW, respectively, and which is close to the natural linewidth of cesium atoms. The effect of double resonance optical pumping on EIT is also investigated. The fine structures of nD (n = 39-55) are measured and the experimental result is in agreement with quantum defect theory.A high sensitivity spectroscopy of Rydberg atoms is presented by using electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) in the 6S(1/2)-6P(3/2)-n D ladder-type system of cesium vapor cell at room temperature. The EIT spectra of 40 D Rydberg state are measured and the dependences of the EIT magnitude and linewidth on the coupling laser power are investigated in detail. The Rydberg EIT linewidth is measured to be about 5.6 MHz when the powers of probe and coupling lasers are 50 microW and 5.2 mW, respectively, and which is close to the natural linewidth of cesium atoms. The effect of double resonance optical pumping on EIT is also investigated. The fine structures of nD (n = 39-55) are measured and the experimental result is in agreement with quantum defect theory.

Optics ExpressAug 21, 200939 citations

Microwave two-photon spectroscopy of cesium Rydberg atoms

Yongmei Xue, Yuechun Jiao, Liping Hao +1 more

We present a two-photon microwave spectra of cesium Rydberg atoms in the room-temperature vapor cell. The three-level atom including a ground state 6S1/2 (F = 4), an excited state 6P3/2 (F′ = 5) and Rydberg state consists of Rydberg electromagnetically induced transparency (Rydberg-EIT), that is employed to detect the microwave two-photon spectra. The microwave field with frequency ν DD = 11.42865 GHz couples the transition of Rydberg energy level |68D5/2〉 → |69D5/2〉, measured two-photon spectra display a rich of information including the microwave ac Stark shifts and two-photon Autler-Townes (AT) splitting. In the strong microwave field, the two-photon spectroscopy shows the state mixture between |68D5/2〉 and |68D3/2〉 Stark lines. The microwave two-photon spectra of the |69S1/2〉 → |70S1/2〉 transition coupled with frequency ν SS = 11.73503 GHz are also presented. The Floquet theory is employed to simulate the two-photon microwave spectra, showing the good agreement with the measurements. The work suggests the new method that may be used to investigate the multi-photon field-atom interaction and as an atom-based technique for precision field measurements.We present a two-photon microwave spectra of cesium Rydberg atoms in the room-temperature vapor cell. The three-level atom including a ground state 6S1/2 (F = 4), an excited state 6P3/2 (F′ = 5) and Rydberg state consists of Rydberg electromagnetically induced transparency (Rydberg-EIT), that is employed to detect the microwave two-photon spectra. The microwave field with frequency ν DD = 11.42865 GHz couples the transition of Rydberg energy level |68D5/2〉 → |69D5/2〉, measured two-photon spectra display a rich of information including the microwave ac Stark shifts and two-photon Autler-Townes (AT) splitting. In the strong microwave field, the two-photon spectroscopy shows the state mixture between |68D5/2〉 and |68D3/2〉 Stark lines. The microwave two-photon spectra of the |69S1/2〉 → |70S1/2〉 transition coupled with frequency ν SS = 11.73503 GHz are also presented. The Floquet theory is employed to simulate the two-photon microwave spectra, showing the good agreement with the measurements. The work suggests the new method that may be used to investigate the multi-photon field-atom interaction and as an atom-based technique for precision field measurements.

Optics ExpressDec 3, 20218 citations

In this work, we precisely measure the transition energies between the Rydberg state n

\text{D}_{5/2}

to the nearby Rydberg states $(\e{n}+2)\text{P}_{3/2}$, $(\e{n}-2)\text{F}_{7/2}$ for the range $41\leq \e{n}\leq46$. This was done by carrying out microwave spectroscopy via Electromagnetically Induced Transparency (EIT) in a room temperature vapor reference cell of Rubidium, which is similar to the experimental approach followed by Li et al. [Results in Physics \textbf{29}, 104728 (2021)]. This range is interesting because there is a quasi Förster resonance between the atomic pair

43\text{D}_{5/2}+43\text{D}_{5/2}

and

45\text{P}_{3/2}+41\text{F}_{7/2}

. We compared the obtained results with numerically calculated transition energies based on previously tabulated quantum defect numbers by various research groups using both hot and ultra-cold atomic samples. Our data are more consistent with measurements made within ultra-cold atomic systems [Phys. Rev. A \textbf{67}, 052502 (2003), Phys. Rev. A \textbf{74}, 054502 (2006)].

We report the measurement of absolute excitation frequencies of

^{87}\mathrm{Rb}

nS

and

nD

Rydberg states. The Rydberg transition frequencies are obtained by observing electromagnetically induced transparency on a rubidium vapor cell. The accuracy of the measurement of each state is $\ensuremath{\lesssim}$1 MHz, which is achieved by frequency stabilizing the two diode lasers employed for the spectroscopy to a frequency comb and a frequency comb calibrated wavelength meter, respectively. Based on the spectroscopic data we determine the quantum defects of

{}^{87}\text{Rb}

, and compare it with previous measurements on

{}^{85}\text{Rb}

. We determine the ionization frequency from the

5{S}_{1/2}(F=1)

ground state of

{}^{87}\text{Rb}

1010.029 164 6(3)\mathrm{THz}

, providing the binding energy of the ground state with an accuracy improved by two orders of magnitude.

We present a study of the Rydberg spectrum in

^{39}\mathrm{K}

for

nS

and

n{D}_{3/2}

series connected to

5{\phantom{\rule{0.16em}{0ex}}}^{2}{P}_{1/2}

using two-photon spectroscopy based on electromagnetically induced transparency in a heated vapor cell. We observed some 80 transitions from

5{P}_{1/2}

to Rydberg states with principal quantum numbers $n\ensuremath{\sim}50--90$, and determined their transition frequencies and state energies with sub-GHz precision. Our spectroscopy results lay the groundwork for using Rydberg atoms as sensitive microwave photon detectors in searches for dark matter axions in the $\ensuremath{\sim}40--200 \ensuremath{\mu}\mathrm{eV}$ mass range, which is a prime range for future axion searches suggested by theory studies.