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Frontiers in Optics

Quantum Technologies: From Inspiration to Economic and Societal Value

P. L. Knight

Published Jan 1, 2024• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

The journey from great research to practical realization is a difficult one, where building a collaborative ecosystem engaging researchers, entrepreneurs, investment capital, companies and government early adopters is essential. I will describe how such a committed ecosystem can be built, drawing together a diverse community, accelerating the journey from fundamental science to product. Full-text article not available; see video presentation

DOI
10.1364/ls.2024.fw2a.1

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The journey from great research to practical realization is a difficult one, where building a collaborative ecosystem engaging researchers, entrepreneurs, investment capital, companies and government early adopters is essential. I will describe how such a committed ecosystem can be built, drawing together a diverse community, accelerating the journey from fundamental science to product. Full-text article not available; see video presentation
2025 marks one hundred years since the discovery of quantum mechanics. In the century since then, quantum science has blossomed into a global community composed of academics, engineers, developers, and entrepreneurs. The world is currently in the middle of the so-called second quantum revolution, with increased public awareness of quantum science and technology, and growing investment in both quantum hardware and software applications. However, representation remains low among historically marginalized groups: women, LGBTQ+, BIPOC, and people from the global south make up disproportionately few physicists. There are numerous efforts to improve diversity within quantum science, including through workforce development. But many of the changes enacted at the highest levels have failed to result in real change, as highlighted and discussed in the recent Women For Quantum Manifesto of Values. Here, we seek to echo and amplify the need for real change in the quantum ecosystem, emphasizing intersectionality and a feminist approach that centers the most vulnerable members of the quantum community: young students and researchers, especially those communities historically marginalized from quantum science. This report is our attempt to help quantum communities meet this need; we have conducted a survey of quantum scientists all over the world, and here we include both a preliminary report of our findings and policy suggestions we have built to address them. The primary results of our survey are that, 1) marginalized quantum scientists are experiencing hardships and challenges more than their more privileged peers across all metrics, 2) that this fact is hurting retention of diverse, talented quantum scientists in our field, and 3) quantum EDI is an investment in talent retention and resilience building, which are essential for a thriving, globally competitive quantum ecosystem.
Building on decades of fundamental research, new applications of Quantum Science have started to emerge in the fields of computing, sensing and networks. In the current phase of deployment, in which quantum technology is not yet in routine use but is still transitioning out of the laboratory, Venture Capital (VC) is critical. In association with public funding programs, VC supports startups born in academic institutions and has a role to play in structuring the priorities of the ecosystem, guiding it towards applications with the greatest impact on society. This paper illustrates this thesis with a case-study: the experience of the first dedicated quantum fund, Quantonation I, chronicling its impacts on the production of scientific knowledge, job creation and funding of the industry. The paper introduces concepts to support the emergence of new startups and advocates for funding of scale-up quantum companies. The paper concludes with proposals to improve the impact of the industry by taking steps to better involve society-at-large and with a call for collaboration on projects focused on the applications with a large societal benefit.
Abstract Switzerland was an early pioneer in quantum research with the establishment of national research centers, resulting in the attraction of talent and investment for quantum technology startups since at least the early 2000s. Several university centers and research centers in Zurich, Basel, Lausanne, and Geneva, and beyond form the backbone of a robust quantum technologies ecosystem. Most quantum technology companies and startups active in Switzerland draw their IP from university labs. Furthermore, ecosystem builders in the commercial and governance space are emerging, especially in Basel and Geneva, to ensure widespread access to quantum computing and diverse applications for the technology. The maturity of the quantum ecosystem in Switzerland has relied largely on a bottom-up approach, but the newly formed Swiss Quantum Initiative is aiming to bring a level of coordination to the diverse ecosystem.