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Journal of Applied Spectroscopy

Application of Magnetically Induced Atomic Transitions Fg = 2 → Fe = 1 of Rubidium D2-Line in Magnetic Fields

Armen D. Sargsyan, A. Tonoyan, David G. Sarkisyan

Published Nov 1, 2024• 0 citations
Publisher
DOI
10.1007/s10812-024-01809-6

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Abstract A nanocell filled with atomic vapors of rubidium and potassium was used to develop a modified method of Faraday rotation. The formed lines are characterized by a spectral width that is a factor of 1.5‒2 smaller than those obtained by traditional method of Faraday rotation in nanocells. The new method allows obtaining the spectral width of atomic line that is 8 times smaller than the Doppler broadening in the case of the D2 line of rubidium and 15 time smaller than the Doppler broadening in the case of the D1,2 lines of potassium. In magnetic fields B = 100−1200 G, all atomic lines of Rb and K atoms are spectrally resolved and identified. In the case of the D2 line of Rb, it is demonstrated that the probabilities of magneto-induced transitions (87Rb, Fg = 1 → Fe = 3 and 85Rb, Fg = 2 → Fe = 4) can exceed the probabilities of the allowed transitions. Convenience and efficiency of the modified method of Faraday rotation for high-resolution spectroscopy is demonstrated.
Abstract Magnetically induced (MI) transitions of the D2 line of 39K atom in an external magnetic field of 10–600 G have been experimentally and theoretically investigated for the first time using circularly polarized σ+ and σ− radiations. According to the selection rules, the transitions between the sublevels of the ground and excited levels of a hyperfine structure with Fe – Fg = ΔF = ±2 are forbidden in the zero magnetic field, whereas their probabilities increase radically in a magnetic field. For the Fg = 1 → Fe = 3 (ΔF = +2) and Fg = 2 → Fe = 0 MI transitions, the highest probabilities are achieved using the σ+ and σ– radiations, respectively. The atomic transitions have been spectrally resolved using selective reflection of laser radiation from a nanocell filled with potassium atomic vapor, which makes it possible to investigate the behavior of the MI transitions. The experimental and theoretical data are shown to be in good agreement.
Selective reflection of 852-nm laser radiation from the interface between cesium vapor and the sapphire window of a 30-micrometer-thick microcell was used to record an extreme increase in the probability of the Fg=3→Fe=5 transitions associated with the Cs-atom D2 lines in magnetic fields with inductions ranging from 300 to 3200 Gauss. We showed that a group of seven transitions Fg=3, mF=−3, −2, −1, 0, +1, +2, +3→Fe=5, mF=−2, −1, 0, +1, +2, +3, +4 was formed in accordance with the selection rules ΔmF=+1 for σ+-circularly-polarized radiation. These seven transitions have much higher probabilities in 500–1000 Gauss magnetic fields, with three of the transitions having probabilities higher than all of the other transitions originating from the level Fg=3. In magnetic fields with induction greater than 3000 Gauss, this group of seven transitions at the high-frequency end of the spectrum is completely separate from the group of transitions with Fg=3→Fe=4. Comparison of the frequencies and probabilities of these seven atomic transitions with those for the transitions Fg=3→Fe=5 showed good agreement between theory and experiment. We also discuss potential practical applications for these transitions.