Challenges
Datasets
Workspaces
Papers
Discussions
Leaderboard
Log inSign up
Challenges
Datasets
Workspaces
Papers
Discussions
Leaderboard
Blog
Job Board
Q3AS

© 2026 Aqora Quantum S.A.S.

TermsPrivacyLegal Notice

Optics and Spectroscopy

Magnetically Induced Atomic Transitions of the Potassium D2 Line

Armen D. Sargsyan, Emmanuel Klinger, Claude Leroy, T. A. Vartanyan, David G. Sarkisyan

Published Sep 1, 2019• 7 citations
Publisher

Abstract

Abstract Magnetically induced (MI) transitions of the D2 line of 39K atom in an external magnetic field of 10–600 G have been experimentally and theoretically investigated for the first time using circularly polarized σ+ and σ− radiations. According to the selection rules, the transitions between the sublevels of the ground and excited levels of a hyperfine structure with Fe – Fg = ΔF = ±2 are forbidden in the zero magnetic field, whereas their probabilities increase radically in a magnetic field. For the Fg = 1 → Fe = 3 (ΔF = +2) and Fg = 2 → Fe = 0 MI transitions, the highest probabilities are achieved using the σ+ and σ– radiations, respectively. The atomic transitions have been spectrally resolved using selective reflection of laser radiation from a nanocell filled with potassium atomic vapor, which makes it possible to investigate the behavior of the MI transitions. The experimental and theoretical data are shown to be in good agreement.

DOI
10.1134/s0030400x19090236

Related papers

Магнитоиндуцированныe атомные переходы D-=SUB=-2-=/SUB=--линии калия

Armen D. Sargsyan, Emmanuel Klinger, Claude Leroy +2 more

For the first time, magnetically induced (MI) transitions of the D2 line of the 39K atom in an external magnetic field of 10–600G using circularly polarized radiation σ + and σ – have been investigated. According to the selection rules in a zero magnetic field, transitions between sublevels of the ground and excited levels of the hyperfine structure with Fe - Fg = delta F = ± 2 are prohibited, while in the magnetic field there is a giant increase in their probabilities. For MI transitions, Fg = 1-> Fe = 3(delta F = +2) the highest probability is achieved when using σ+ radiation, and for Fg = 2->Fe = 0 the highest probability is achieved when using σ-  radiation. For the atomic transitions spectral separation the process of selective reflection of laser radiation from nanocell, filled with potassium atoms is used. This which allowed us to study the behavior of the MI transitions. The experiment well consistent with the theory.

Журнал технической физики•Jan 1, 2019•0 citations

Magnetically Induced Anomalous Dichroism of Atomic Transitions of the Cesium D2 Line

Armen D. Sargsyan, A. Tonoyan, G. Hakhumyan +1 more

Transitions F e − F g = Δ F = ±2 between the excited and ground levels of the hyperfine structure of the Cs D 2 atomic line in an external magnetic field of 300–3000 G have been studied for the first time with the use of σ + and σ − circularly polarized radiation. Selection rules forbid these transitions in zero magnetic field. At the same time, the probabilities of these transitions in a magnetic field increase significantly; for this reason, we refer to these transitions as magnetically induced transitions. The following rule has been found for the intensities of 24 magnetically induced F g = 3 → F e = 5 and F g = 4 → F e = 2 transitions: the intensities of magnetically induced transitions with Δ F = +2 are maximal (the number of such magnetically induced transitions is also maximal) in the case of σ + polarized radiation, whereas the intensities of magnetically induced transitions with Δ F = −2 are maximal (the number of such transitions is also maximal) in the case of σ − σ + and σ − polarized radiation can reach several orders of magnitude; i.e., anomalous circular dichroism is observed. For an experimental test, absorption spectra of a Cs-filled nanocell with the thickness equal to half the wavelength of resonant laser radiation = 852 nm have been analyzed in order to separately detect magnetically induced transitions. The experiment is in good agreement with the theory. Possible applications have been discussed.

Journal of Experimental and Theoretical Physics Letters•Dec 1, 2017•17 citations

Selective Reflection of Potassium Vapor Nanolayers in a Magnetic Field

Armen D. Sargsyan, A. Tonoyan, James Keaveney +3 more

The selective reflection of laser radiation from the interface between a dielectric window and the atomic vapors confined in a nanocell of thickness L ≈ 350 nm is used to develop effective Doppler-broadening- free spectroscopy of potassium atoms. A small atomic line width and a relation between the signal intensity and the transition probability allowed us to resolve four lines of atomic transitions responsible for the D1 lines of the 39K and 41K isotopes. Two groups containing four atomic transitions form in an applied magnetic field upon pumping by radiation with circular polarization σ+ or σ–. Different intensities (probabilities) of transitions for the σ+ and σ– excitations are detected in magnetic field B0 ≈ A hfs /μB ≈ 165 G (A hfs is the magnetic dipole constant for the ground state and μB is the Bohr magneton). A substantially different situation is observed at B ≫ B0, since high symmetry appears for the two groups formed by radiation with circular polarization σ+ or σ–. Each group is the mirror image of the other group with respect to the frequency of the 42S1/2–42P1/2 transition, which additionally proves the occurrence of the complete Paschen–Back regime of the hyperfine structure at B ≈ 2.5 kG. A developed theoretical model well reproduces the experimental results. Possible practical applications are described. The results obtained can also be applied to the D1 lines of 87Rb and 23Na.

Journal of Experimental and Theoretical Physics•Mar 1, 2018•7 citations

Circular Dichroism of Atomic Transitions of the Rb D1 Line in Magnetic Fields

Armen D. Sargsyan, Emmanuel Klinger, Claude Leroy +2 more

Abstract The circular dichroism effect has been investigated for atomic transitions of the Rb D1 line in magnetic fields of up to 3 kG using circularly polarized σ+ and σ− radiation. The process of selective reflection from a 350-nm-thick nanocell has been used, which makes it possible to form narrow atomic lines and observe separately the behavior of individual transitions. Two groups consisting of six (85Rb atoms) and four (87Rb atoms) transitions are formed in magnetic fields B > 0.5 kG upon σ+ and σ− laser excitation. All transitions have been identified. It is shown that the strongest transitions for 87Rb and 85Rb atoms in magnetic fields of up to several kG are formed under σ− irradiation. A further increase in the magnetic field makes it possible to attain the Paschen–Back regime on a hyperfine structure, for which the probabilities of transitions upon σ+ and σ− excitation become identical. The theoretical model and experiment are in good agreement.

Optics and Spectroscopy•Dec 1, 2018•2 citations

Investigations of Atomic Transitions of the D2 Line of Potassium in Strong Magnetic Fields Using Saturated Absorption Technique in a Microcell

Armen D. Sargsyan

Abstract Atomic transitions of 39K, D2 line are studied in strong longitudinal magnetic fields, up to 1000 G, with a high spectral resolution. The saturated absorption (SA) method was used in a micro-cell filled with K vapors with a thickness of L= 30 µm. A double differentiation of the SA spectrum was carried out, which made it possible to obtain narrow (~50 MHz) atomic lines and study individual transition frequency and probabilistic behavior. Among alkali metals, the K atoms have the smallest hyperfine splitting of the ground levels. This allows one to observe the break of the coupling between the electronic total angular momentum J and nuclear I angular momentums at relatively low magnetic fields B > 300 G. In the case of using circularly polarized radiation (σ+ or σ–), two groups (each consisting of four) equidistantly located total eight atomic transitions are recorded in strong magnetic fields. The experimental results are well described by a known theoretical model.

Journal of Contemporary Physics (Armenian Academy of Sciences)•Mar 1, 2023•1 citation

Extreme increase in atomic transition probability of the Cs D_2 line in strong magnetic fields under selective reflection

Armen D. Sargsyan, A. Amiryan, Claude Leroy +3 more

Selective reflection of 852-nm laser radiation from the interface between cesium vapor and the sapphire window of a 30-micrometer-thick microcell was used to record an extreme increase in the probability of the Fg=3→Fe=5 transitions associated with the Cs-atom D2 lines in magnetic fields with inductions ranging from 300 to 3200 Gauss. We showed that a group of seven transitions Fg=3, mF=−3, −2, −1, 0, +1, +2, +3→Fe=5, mF=−2, −1, 0, +1, +2, +3, +4 was formed in accordance with the selection rules ΔmF=+1 for σ+-circularly-polarized radiation. These seven transitions have much higher probabilities in 500–1000 Gauss magnetic fields, with three of the transitions having probabilities higher than all of the other transitions originating from the level Fg=3. In magnetic fields with induction greater than 3000 Gauss, this group of seven transitions at the high-frequency end of the spectrum is completely separate from the group of transitions with Fg=3→Fe=4. Comparison of the frequencies and probabilities of these seven atomic transitions with those for the transitions Fg=3→Fe=5 showed good agreement between theory and experiment. We also discuss potential practical applications for these transitions.

Journal of Optical Technology•Nov 1, 2016•4 citations
Abstract Magnetically induced (MI) transitions of the D2 line of 39K atom in an external magnetic field of 10–600 G have been experimentally and theoretically investigated for the first time using circularly polarized σ+ and σ− radiations. According to the selection rules, the transitions between the sublevels of the ground and excited levels of a hyperfine structure with Fe – Fg = ΔF = ±2 are forbidden in the zero magnetic field, whereas their probabilities increase radically in a magnetic field. For the Fg = 1 → Fe = 3 (ΔF = +2) and Fg = 2 → Fe = 0 MI transitions, the highest probabilities are achieved using the σ+ and σ– radiations, respectively. The atomic transitions have been spectrally resolved using selective reflection of laser radiation from a nanocell filled with potassium atomic vapor, which makes it possible to investigate the behavior of the MI transitions. The experimental and theoretical data are shown to be in good agreement.
For the first time, magnetically induced (MI) transitions of the D2 line of the 39K atom in an external magnetic field of 10–600G using circularly polarized radiation σ + and σ – have been investigated. According to the selection rules in a zero magnetic field, transitions between sublevels of the ground and excited levels of the hyperfine structure with Fe - Fg = delta F = ± 2 are prohibited, while in the magnetic field there is a giant increase in their probabilities. For MI transitions, Fg = 1-> Fe = 3(delta F = +2) the highest probability is achieved when using σ+ radiation, and for Fg = 2->Fe = 0 the highest probability is achieved when using σ-  radiation. For the atomic transitions spectral separation the process of selective reflection of laser radiation from nanocell, filled with potassium atoms is used. This which allowed us to study the behavior of the MI transitions. The experiment well consistent with the theory.
Transitions F e − F g = Δ F = ±2 between the excited and ground levels of the hyperfine structure of the Cs D 2 atomic line in an external magnetic field of 300–3000 G have been studied for the first time with the use of σ + and σ − circularly polarized radiation. Selection rules forbid these transitions in zero magnetic field. At the same time, the probabilities of these transitions in a magnetic field increase significantly; for this reason, we refer to these transitions as magnetically induced transitions. The following rule has been found for the intensities of 24 magnetically induced F g = 3 → F e = 5 and F g = 4 → F e = 2 transitions: the intensities of magnetically induced transitions with Δ F = +2 are maximal (the number of such magnetically induced transitions is also maximal) in the case of σ + polarized radiation, whereas the intensities of magnetically induced transitions with Δ F = −2 are maximal (the number of such transitions is also maximal) in the case of σ − σ + and σ − polarized radiation can reach several orders of magnitude; i.e., anomalous circular dichroism is observed. For an experimental test, absorption spectra of a Cs-filled nanocell with the thickness equal to half the wavelength of resonant laser radiation = 852 nm have been analyzed in order to separately detect magnetically induced transitions. The experiment is in good agreement with the theory. Possible applications have been discussed.
The selective reflection of laser radiation from the interface between a dielectric window and the atomic vapors confined in a nanocell of thickness L ≈ 350 nm is used to develop effective Doppler-broadening- free spectroscopy of potassium atoms. A small atomic line width and a relation between the signal intensity and the transition probability allowed us to resolve four lines of atomic transitions responsible for the D1 lines of the 39K and 41K isotopes. Two groups containing four atomic transitions form in an applied magnetic field upon pumping by radiation with circular polarization σ+ or σ–. Different intensities (probabilities) of transitions for the σ+ and σ– excitations are detected in magnetic field B0 ≈ A hfs /μB ≈ 165 G (A hfs is the magnetic dipole constant for the ground state and μB is the Bohr magneton). A substantially different situation is observed at B ≫ B0, since high symmetry appears for the two groups formed by radiation with circular polarization σ+ or σ–. Each group is the mirror image of the other group with respect to the frequency of the 42S1/2–42P1/2 transition, which additionally proves the occurrence of the complete Paschen–Back regime of the hyperfine structure at B ≈ 2.5 kG. A developed theoretical model well reproduces the experimental results. Possible practical applications are described. The results obtained can also be applied to the D1 lines of 87Rb and 23Na.
Abstract The circular dichroism effect has been investigated for atomic transitions of the Rb D1 line in magnetic fields of up to 3 kG using circularly polarized σ+ and σ− radiation. The process of selective reflection from a 350-nm-thick nanocell has been used, which makes it possible to form narrow atomic lines and observe separately the behavior of individual transitions. Two groups consisting of six (85Rb atoms) and four (87Rb atoms) transitions are formed in magnetic fields B > 0.5 kG upon σ+ and σ− laser excitation. All transitions have been identified. It is shown that the strongest transitions for 87Rb and 85Rb atoms in magnetic fields of up to several kG are formed under σ− irradiation. A further increase in the magnetic field makes it possible to attain the Paschen–Back regime on a hyperfine structure, for which the probabilities of transitions upon σ+ and σ− excitation become identical. The theoretical model and experiment are in good agreement.
Abstract Atomic transitions of 39K, D2 line are studied in strong longitudinal magnetic fields, up to 1000 G, with a high spectral resolution. The saturated absorption (SA) method was used in a micro-cell filled with K vapors with a thickness of L= 30 µm. A double differentiation of the SA spectrum was carried out, which made it possible to obtain narrow (~50 MHz) atomic lines and study individual transition frequency and probabilistic behavior. Among alkali metals, the K atoms have the smallest hyperfine splitting of the ground levels. This allows one to observe the break of the coupling between the electronic total angular momentum J and nuclear I angular momentums at relatively low magnetic fields B > 300 G. In the case of using circularly polarized radiation (σ+ or σ–), two groups (each consisting of four) equidistantly located total eight atomic transitions are recorded in strong magnetic fields. The experimental results are well described by a known theoretical model.
Selective reflection of 852-nm laser radiation from the interface between cesium vapor and the sapphire window of a 30-micrometer-thick microcell was used to record an extreme increase in the probability of the Fg=3→Fe=5 transitions associated with the Cs-atom D2 lines in magnetic fields with inductions ranging from 300 to 3200 Gauss. We showed that a group of seven transitions Fg=3, mF=−3, −2, −1, 0, +1, +2, +3→Fe=5, mF=−2, −1, 0, +1, +2, +3, +4 was formed in accordance with the selection rules ΔmF=+1 for σ+-circularly-polarized radiation. These seven transitions have much higher probabilities in 500–1000 Gauss magnetic fields, with three of the transitions having probabilities higher than all of the other transitions originating from the level Fg=3. In magnetic fields with induction greater than 3000 Gauss, this group of seven transitions at the high-frequency end of the spectrum is completely separate from the group of transitions with Fg=3→Fe=4. Comparison of the frequencies and probabilities of these seven atomic transitions with those for the transitions Fg=3→Fe=5 showed good agreement between theory and experiment. We also discuss potential practical applications for these transitions.