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Free-electron ponderomotive guiding for strong coupling and single-photon nonlinearity

Aviv Karnieli, Nicholas Rivera, Charles Roques‐Carmes, Shanhui Fan

Published Jan 1, 2024• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

We show how ponderomotive guiding of free electrons inside hollow optical fibers enables strong electron-photon coupling, together with exceptionally high single photon nonlinearities.
DOI
10.1364/cleo_fs.2024.fw3k.3

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Our goal is to study quantum optical phenomena in a strong nonlinear optical system. For this purpose, we create a hollow-core photonic-crystal (HCPC) fiber-based platform that confines photons and atomic ensembles together. This enables strong light-matter interactions which are crucial for implementing optical nonlinearities at single-photon levels [1]. We use an optical dipole trap at cesium's magic wavelength to guide laser cooled cesium atoms into and inside the fiber core. This approach will allow us to perform experiments with the dipole trap continuously on as opposed to the previously reported fiber-loading systems [2,3] in which the dipole trap was rapidly amplitude-modulated to avoid the effect from the spatially dependent AC Stark shift. In this system, we perform experiments on electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) and demonstrate slow light and all optical switch. We also aim to observe large cross-phase modulation (XPM) using a three-level ladder scheme [4,5]. Lastly, the approaches to integrate a cavity into HCPCFs to increase light-matter interactions, thus the optical nonlinearities, will be described.