Challenges
Datasets
Workspaces
Papers
Discussions
Leaderboard
Log inSign up
Challenges
Datasets
Workspaces
Papers
Discussions
Leaderboard
Blog
Job Board
Q3AS

© 2026 Aqora Quantum S.A.S.

TermsPrivacyLegal Notice

Quantum 2.0 Conference and Exhibition

Engineering and certification of multimode non Gaussian states of light

Niels Tripier-Mondancin, Ganaël Roeland, Yann Bouchereau, Leonardo Rincón, David Barral, Mattia Walschaers, Valentina Parigi, Nicolas Treps

Published Jan 1, 2024• 1 citation
Publisher

Abstract

We use double homodyne detection to sample the Q-Husimi function of a photon-subtracted mutlimode squeezed vacuum state. Thereafter, we perform a fidelity estimation protocol to certify the Wigner negativity and stellar rank of the generated state.
DOI
10.1364/quantum.2024.qth4a.2

Related papers

Certification of Non-Gaussian States with Operational Measurements

Ulysse Chabaud, Ganaël Roeland, Mattia Walschaers +4 more

We derive a theoretical framework for the experimental certification of non-Gaussian features of quantum states using double homodyne detection.We rank experimental non-Gaussian states according to the recently defined stellar hierarchy and we propose practical Wigner negativity witnesses.We simulate various use-cases ranging from fidelity estimation to witnessing Wigner negativity.Moreover, we extend results on the robustness of the stellar hierarchy of non-Gaussian states.Our results illustrate the usefulness of double homodyne detection as a practical measurement scheme for retrieving information about continuous-variable quantum states, and show that certification of high-order non-Gaussian features can be carried out experimentally with current technology.

arXiv:2011.04320•PRX Quantum•Jun 3, 2021•60 citations

Photon subtraction from a multimode squeezed vacuum state

Adrien Dufour, Clément Jacquard, Young-Sik Ra +2 more

We present the generation and characterization of a multimode non-gaussian state. We prepare squeezed vacua in multiple time-frequency modes, subtract a single photon, and then characterize the state by using mode-selective homodyne detection.

Quantum Information and Measurement (QIM)•Jan 1, 2017•4 citations

Evading Vacuum Noise: Wigner Projections or Husimi Samples?

C. R. Müller, Christian Peuntinger, Thomas Dirmeier +8 more

The accuracy in determining the quantum state of a system depends on the type of measurement performed. Homodyne and heterodyne detection are the two main schemes in continuous-variable quantum information. The former leads to a direct reconstruction of the Wigner function of the state, whereas the latter samples its Husimi Q function. We experimentally demonstrate that heterodyne detection outperforms homodyne detection for almost all Gaussian states, the details of which depend on the squeezing strength and thermal noise.

arXiv:1604.07692•Physical Review Letters•Aug 11, 2016•25 citations

Experimental generation of non-Gaussian quantum states of a multimode light field

Young-Sik Ra, Adrien Dufour, Mattia Walschaers +4 more

We generate non-Gaussian quantum states of a multimode light by subtracting a photon in a desired mode from multimode Gaussian states. We observed negativity of Wigner functions and the interplay between non-Gaussianity and entanglement.

OSA Quantum 2.0 Conference•Jan 1, 2020•0 citations

Certification of Non-Gaussian States using Double Homodyne Detection

Ganaël Roeland, Niels Tripier-Mondancin, David Barral +6 more

Certifying reliable sources for quantum information processing is still one of the major challenges towards practical applications. Continuous variable quantum information provides a very promising platform where important resources such as scalable entanglement come “for free” [1]. In that context, a crucial quantum feature to look for and investigate is the so-called non-Gaussianity, which, beyond its conceptual relevance, is a necessary resource for any quantum computational advantage as well as for effective error correction, entanglement distillation and more. Non-Gaussian states have been produced and probed using full tomography techniques [2]. However, performing a full tomography of multimode continuous variable systems is a hard problem. Indeed, systems aimed at overcoming classical approach are by definition too complex to be fully characterized, thus alter-native approaches are required. In this work, we report on the use of double homodyne detection (see on Fig. 1(a)) on optical frequency comb pulses for the certification of non-Gaussian features of quantum states.

Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics Europe & European Quantum Electronics Conference (CLEO/Europe-EQEC)•Jun 26, 2023•0 citations

Detecting quantum non-Gaussianity with a single quadrature

Clara Wassner, Davis, Jack, Sacha Cerf +2 more

Full reconstruction of quantum states from measurement samples is often a prohibitively complex task, both in terms of the experimental setup and the scaling of the sample size with the system. This motivates the relatively easier task of certifying application-specific quantities using measurements that are not tomographically complete, i.e. that provide only partial information about the state related to the application of interest. Here, we focus on simplifying the measurements needed to certify non-Gaussianity in bosonic systems, a resource related to quantum advantage in various information processing tasks. We show that the statistics of a single quadrature measurement, corresponding to standard homodyne detection in quantum optics, can witness arbitrary degrees of non-Gaussianity as quantified by stellar rank. Our results are based on a version of Hudson's theorem for wavefunctions, proved in a companion paper [arXiv:2507.23468], revealing that the zeros in a homodyne distribution are signatures of quantum non-Gaussianity and higher stellar ranks. The validity of our witnesses is supported by a technical result showing that sets of states with bounded energy and finite stellar rank are compact. We provide an analysis of sample complexity, noise robustness, and experimental prospects. Our work drastically simplifies the setup required to detect quantum non-Gaussianity in bosonic quantum states.

arXiv:2507.23005•Jul 30, 2025•0 citations
We derive a theoretical framework for the experimental certification of non-Gaussian features of quantum states using double homodyne detection.We rank experimental non-Gaussian states according to the recently defined stellar hierarchy and we propose practical Wigner negativity witnesses.We simulate various use-cases ranging from fidelity estimation to witnessing Wigner negativity.Moreover, we extend results on the robustness of the stellar hierarchy of non-Gaussian states.Our results illustrate the usefulness of double homodyne detection as a practical measurement scheme for retrieving information about continuous-variable quantum states, and show that certification of high-order non-Gaussian features can be carried out experimentally with current technology.
The accuracy in determining the quantum state of a system depends on the type of measurement performed. Homodyne and heterodyne detection are the two main schemes in continuous-variable quantum information. The former leads to a direct reconstruction of the Wigner function of the state, whereas the latter samples its Husimi Q function. We experimentally demonstrate that heterodyne detection outperforms homodyne detection for almost all Gaussian states, the details of which depend on the squeezing strength and thermal noise.
Certifying reliable sources for quantum information processing is still one of the major challenges towards practical applications. Continuous variable quantum information provides a very promising platform where important resources such as scalable entanglement come “for free” [1]. In that context, a crucial quantum feature to look for and investigate is the so-called non-Gaussianity, which, beyond its conceptual relevance, is a necessary resource for any quantum computational advantage as well as for effective error correction, entanglement distillation and more. Non-Gaussian states have been produced and probed using full tomography techniques [2]. However, performing a full tomography of multimode continuous variable systems is a hard problem. Indeed, systems aimed at overcoming classical approach are by definition too complex to be fully characterized, thus alter-native approaches are required. In this work, we report on the use of double homodyne detection (see on Fig. 1(a)) on optical frequency comb pulses for the certification of non-Gaussian features of quantum states.
Full reconstruction of quantum states from measurement samples is often a prohibitively complex task, both in terms of the experimental setup and the scaling of the sample size with the system. This motivates the relatively easier task of certifying application-specific quantities using measurements that are not tomographically complete, i.e. that provide only partial information about the state related to the application of interest. Here, we focus on simplifying the measurements needed to certify non-Gaussianity in bosonic systems, a resource related to quantum advantage in various information processing tasks. We show that the statistics of a single quadrature measurement, corresponding to standard homodyne detection in quantum optics, can witness arbitrary degrees of non-Gaussianity as quantified by stellar rank. Our results are based on a version of Hudson's theorem for wavefunctions, proved in a companion paper [arXiv:2507.23468], revealing that the zeros in a homodyne distribution are signatures of quantum non-Gaussianity and higher stellar ranks. The validity of our witnesses is supported by a technical result showing that sets of states with bounded energy and finite stellar rank are compact. We provide an analysis of sample complexity, noise robustness, and experimental prospects. Our work drastically simplifies the setup required to detect quantum non-Gaussianity in bosonic quantum states.