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New Journal of Physics

Antibunched N-photon bundles from dark states assisted by ac Stark shift

Chengdeng Gou, Jun Xu, Fei Wang, Xiangming Hu

Published Jul 1, 2024• 4 citations
Publisher

Abstract

Abstract In this paper, we propose an interesting scheme to generate antibunched N-photon bundles from dark states by using a single-atom cavity quantum electrodynamics system. The dispersive coupling between the atom and cavity introduces a Stark shift to one of the ground states, while the resonant coupling, along with a control field, forms a coherent N-excitation dark state assisted by the shift. Consequently, super-Rabi oscillation is established between the vacuum state and the N-excitation dark state when a probe field weakly couples to two ground states, enabling antibunched N-photon bundle emission within long-lived atomic coherence. As a byproduct, the generated high-efficiency single-photon source with a large mean photon number and high fidelity is of great value in quantum information processing.

DOI
10.1088/1367-2630/ad6633

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Abstract In this paper, we propose an interesting scheme to generate antibunched N-photon bundles from dark states by using a single-atom cavity quantum electrodynamics system. The dispersive coupling between the atom and cavity introduces a Stark shift to one of the ground states, while the resonant coupling, along with a control field, forms a coherent N-excitation dark state assisted by the shift. Consequently, super-Rabi oscillation is established between the vacuum state and the N-excitation dark state when a probe field weakly couples to two ground states, enabling antibunched N-photon bundle emission within long-lived atomic coherence. As a byproduct, the generated high-efficiency single-photon source with a large mean photon number and high fidelity is of great value in quantum information processing.
In this paper we propose an efficient scheme to continuously generate two-mode two-photon bundles by using a three-level atomic system, in which two correlated channels are created for the bundle emission in different modes. It is shown that the antibunching effect not only happens between the same modes but also between two different modes. While the former is due to the dominance of cavity decay over atomic decay, the latter is based on the atomic coherence between the two final states of bundle emission. The antibunched two-mode two-photon bundles are achievable in a wide range of parameters and robust against environmental noise. This scheme provides a kind of photon sources for two-signal-based applications such as quantum information processing, high-precision metrology, and ultrasensitive biosensing.
Vacuum-induced coupling (VIC), arising from the quantum interference between the spontaneous emission pathways from the excited doublet to a common ground state, has attracted significant research interest and has been observed in recent experiments. Here, we present an alternative route to probe the existence of VIC by means of the coherence statistics of photon antibunching and show that, under realistic experimental conditions, the vacuum-induced quantum beat (VIQB) can enable strong photon antibunching with high brightness in an optical nanofiber (ONF) cavity quantum electrodynamics (CQED) system. We find that the occurrence of the photon antibunching corresponds to the existence of the VIC, indicating that the photon antibunching can be an important witness for VIC. In addition, a strong photon antibunching effect appears in the weak-coupling regime of light-atom interactions when the VIQB is present, as a result of the destructive quantum interference between the different paths for two-photon excitation. Furthermore, we find that strong photon antibunching can be generated within a certain driving frequency range in the present system, which can relax the requirement for the driving frequency in the ONF CQED system. Also, we compare the analytical and numerical results of the second-order intensity correlation function, and they are in good agreement. The present study builds a bridge between the photon antibunching and the VIC and VIQB, which is useful for well understanding and researching a tunable single-photon source, as well as enabling potential applications in quantum information processing and quantum communications.
Realizing single-photon sources plays an essential role in quantum information science. The key step for generating a single photon is to attain strong photon blockade, based on either strong energy-spectrum anharmonicity or quantum interference to eliminate two-photon excitation. However, the strong coupling in a high-finesse cavity that is needed for these mechanisms is still a challenge. In this work, strong photon antibunching with a large cavity photon number is predicted, by combining the optical Stark shift with anharmonicity and quantum interference beyond the strong-coupling regime. This proposal suggests exciting opportunities for applications in e.g.e.g.e.g. quantum networks.
High-quality special nonclassical states beyond the strong single atom-cavity coupling regime are fundamental elements in quantum information science. Here, we study strong single-photon blockade to two-photon bundles emission in a single spin-1 atom coupled to an optical cavity by constructing a spin-1 Jaynes–Cummings model (JCM). By tuning the quadratic Zeeman shift, the energy-spectrum anharmonicity can be significantly enhanced, leading to a remarkable increase in the dressed-state splitting of the well-resolved n-photon resonance. The mechanism, which benefits from the internal degrees of freedom in high-spin systems, compensates for the strong coupling condition required by the multi-photon blockade, thereby facilitating the experimental feasibility of engineering special nonclassical states beyond the strong-coupling limit. It is shown that the photon emission from the spin-1 JCM demonstrates high-quality single photon and two-photon bundles with large steady-state photon numbers in the cavity-driven and atom-pump cases, respectively. In particular, compared to the two-level two-photon JCM, the antibunching amplitude of the three-order correlation function for two-photon bundles in the spin-1 JCM is enhanced by 3 orders of magnitude. More interestingly, a multimode transducer, enabling a transition from strong single-photon blockade to two-photon bundles and super-Poissonian photon emission, is achieved and highly controllable by the light-cavity detuning in the presence of both atom and cavity driven fields. This study based on the high-spin JCM broadens the scope of engineering special nonclassical quantum states beyond the standard two-level JCM. Our proposal not only opens up a new avenue for generating high-quality n-photon sources but also provides versatile applications in quantum networks and metrology.
Single atom cavity quantum electrodynamics grants access to nonclassical photon statistics, while electromagnetically induced transparency exhibits a dark state of long coherence time. The combination of the two produces a new light field via four-wave mixing that shows long-lived quantum statistics. We observe the new field in the emission from the cavity as a beat with the probe light that together with the control beam and the cavity vacuum is driving the four-wave mixing process. Moreover, the control field allows us to tune the new light field from antibunching to bunching, demonstrating our all-optical control over the photon-pair emission.
Multiquanta emission holds significant value for quantum computing and quantum information processing. In this study, we aim to enhance multiphoton bundle emission by introducing two-photon decay into cavity quantum electrodynamics systems. By implementing parity protection induced by two-photon decay in the quantum jump process, we achieve complete suppression of odd photon emissions, resulting in high-purity, high-efficiency 2 n -photon bundle emission characterized by photon bunching and bundle antibunching. Our results indicate that this scheme can effectively produce 2 n -photon sources. Unlike previous methods that enhanced 2 n -photon bundle purity via parity protection during unitary processes which required ultrastrong cavity-atom coupling, this study is the first to focus on parity protection during nonunitary processes to improve emission purity. This innovative approach not only relaxes the ultrastrong coupling condition compared to earlier schemes, but it also opens new research directions for enhancing N -photon bundle emission. Furthermore, this work has the potential to advance the fields of multiphoton physics and parity theory.