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Journal of Experimental and Theoretical Physics Letters

Single-Photon Level Quantum Memory in an Isotopically Pure 143Nd3+:Y7LiF4 Crystal

Ахмеджанов Ринат Абдулхаевич, Л. А. Гущин, Н. А. Низов, В. А. Низов, D. A. Sobgayda, I. V. Zelensky

Published May 28, 2024• 4 citations
Publisher

Abstract

In an isotopically pure 143Nd3+:Y7LiF4 crystal we demonstrate an optical quantum memory on a single photon level using the atomic frequency comb memory protocol. Using weakened laser pulses we demonstrate storage efficiency of 6.5% with the storage time of $$ \sim $$ 60 ns and signal to noise ratio of around 3.

DOI
10.1134/s0021364024601167

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arXiv:1301.6924•Physical Review A•Aug 20, 2013•72 citations
In an isotopically pure 143Nd3+:Y7LiF4 crystal we demonstrate an optical quantum memory on a single photon level using the atomic frequency comb memory protocol. Using weakened laser pulses we demonstrate storage efficiency of 6.5% with the storage time of ∼\sim∼ 60 ns and signal to noise ratio of around 3.
The storage of a signal of a single-photon source based on spontaneous parametric down-conversion in a periodically poled MgO:PPLN crystal in a quantum memory based on an atomic frequency comb in an isotopically pure 143Nd:Y7LiF4^{{{\text{143}}}}{\text{Nd}}{\kern 1pt} {\text{:}}{\kern 1pt} {{{\text{Y}}}^{{\text{7}}}}{\text{Li}}{{{\text{F}}}_{{\text{4}}}}143Nd:Y7LiF4​ crystal has been demonstrated.
Abstract In this work we present an implementation of cavity-assisted atomic frequency comb (AFC) memory protocol in an isotopically pure 143 Nd 3+ :YLiF 4 crystal. We use a tunable confocal Fabry–Perot cavity that is placed inside the cryostat. For a 1 mm thick sample with optical depth of 0.2 we obtain total storage efficiency of 3%, which is a 15-fold enhancement compared to the no cavity case. The memory bandwidth is limited by the inhomogeneous broadening of the optical transition and allows us to store short 30 ns pulses.
Abstract We implemented the atomic frequency comb protocol for optical quantum memory in an isotopically pure crystal of Y 7 LiF 4 doped by 143 Nd 3+ ions. Echo signals were observed on the 4 I 9/2 (1)– 4 F 3/2 (1) transition, which had inhomogeneous broadening much smaller than the hyperfine splitting of the ground and excited states. We performed hole-burning spectroscopy measurements on several transitions, obtaining information about the hyperfine state lifetimes. An intrinsic hole structure was found on some of the transitions, which allowed us to prepare a comb structure with two clearly defined periods and to observe echo pulses with different time delays.
A quantum memory protocol has been implemented on the basis of the revival of silenced echo (ROSE) in the 167Er3+:Y2SiO5 crystal at the telecommunication wavelength for input light fields with a small number of photons. An efficiency of storage of 44% has been reached at a storage time of 40 μs. The input pulse contains ~340 photons on average, the reconstructed echo signal includes ~150 photons, and the signal-to-noise ratio is 4. It has been shown that the main source of noise is the spontaneous emission of atoms remaining in the excited state because the parameters of two rephasing pulses are imperfect. Methods of increasing the signal-to-noise ratio for the implementation of the efficient quantum memory for single-photon fields have been discussed.
The storage of single photons generated via nondegenerate spontaneous parametric down-conversion in a cavity with a PPKTP crystal in quantum memory based on an atomic frequency comb in a Eu:YSO crystal is demonstrated. A technique for preparing spectral profiles within the absorption line of a doped crystal that are matched to the spectrum of single-photon radiation is developed. For storage times of 250 and 166 ns, quantum memory efficiencies of 3 and 7% have been obtained with signal-to-noise ratios of 1/4 and 1/2, respectively.
A long-lived quantum memory is a firm requirement for implementing a quantum repeater scheme. Recent progress in solid-state rare-earth-ion-doped systems justifies their status as very strong candidates for such systems. Nonetheless an optical memory based on spin-wave storage at the single-photon level has not been shown in such a system to date, which is crucial for achieving the long storage times required for quantum repeaters. In this paper we show that it is possible to execute a complete atomic frequency comb (AFC) scheme, including spin-wave storage, with weak coherent pulses of $\overline{n}=2.5\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.6$ photons per pulse. We discuss in detail the experimental steps required to obtain this result and demonstrate the coherence of a stored time-bin pulse. We show a noise level of $(7.1\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}2.3)\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}{10}^{\ensuremath{-}3}$ photons per mode during storage, and this relatively low noise level paves the way for future quantum optics experiments using spin waves in rare-earth-doped crystals.