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Журнал Экспериментальной и Теоретической Физики

Laser Cooling of 171Yb+ Ion in Polychromatic Light Field

D. S. Krysenko, Прудников Олег Николаевич

Published Dec 15, 2023• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

Standard methods of laser cooling171Yb+in a radiofrequency trap involve the use of coherent optical fields resonant to the optical transition of the2S1/2→2P1/2line, as well as a magnetic field that is used to destroy the coherent population trapping (CPT) appeared at the2S1/2(F= 1) level. Further precision measurements with use of the clock transitions (quadrupole2S1/2(F= 0) →2D3/2(F= 2) and octupole2S1/2(F= 0) →2F7/2(F= 2)) require significant suppression and control of residual magnetic fields. In this work, we investigate in detail an alternative method of laser cooling171Yb+with use of polychromatic fields, which allows completely eliminate the use of a magnetic field in the ion cooling process and thus suppress Zeeman quadratic shift associated with uncontrolled residual magnetic fields.

DOI
10.31857/s004445102308014x

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Laser Cooling of 171Yb+ Ion in Polychromatic Light Field

D. S. Krysenko, Прудников Олег Николаевич

Abstract Standard methods of laser cooling 171Yb+ in a radiofrequency trap involve the use of coherent optical fields resonant to the optical transition of the 2S1/2 → 2P1/2 line, as well as a magnetic field that is used to destroy the coherent population trapping (CPT) appeared at the 2S1/2(F = 1) level. Further precision measurements with use of the clock transitions (quadrupole 2S1/2(F = 0) → 2D3/2(F = 2) and octupole 2S1/2(F = 0) → 2F7/2(F = 2)) require significant suppression and control of residual magnetic fields. In this work, we investigate in detail an alternative method of laser cooling 171Yb+ with use of polychromatic fields, which allows completely eliminate the use of a magnetic field in the ion cooling process and thus suppress Zeeman quadratic shift associated with uncontrolled residual magnetic fields.

Journal of Experimental and Theoretical Physics•Aug 1, 2023•4 citations

Ground-state electromagnetically-induced-transparency cooling of Yb+171 ions in a polychromatic field

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We propose a scheme of deep laser cooling of $^{171}\mathrm{Yb}^{+}$, which is based on the effect of electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) in a polychromatic field with three frequency components resonant with optical transitions of the $^{2}S_{1/2}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}^{2}P_{1/2}$ line. The deep cooling down to the ground motional state in a trap allows for a significant suppression of the second-order Doppler shift in the frequency standard. Moreover, in our scheme, there is no need to use a magnetic field, which is required for Doppler cooling of $^{171}\mathrm{Yb}^{+}$ in a field with a two frequency component. Cooling without the use of a magnetic field is important for the deep suppression of quadratic Zeeman shifts of clock transitions due to an uncontrolled residual magnetic field.

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Прудников Олег Николаевич, D. S. Krysenko, A. V Taychenachev +4 more

A scheme for laser cooling of an 171 Yb + ion in a radio-frequency trap using a three-frequency laser field with its components resonant to optical transitions of the line 2 S 1/ 2 → 2 P 1/ 2, which does not require a magnetic field, is experimentally implemented. The exclusion of the magnetic field in the laser cooling cycle allows for precise control of a weak magnetic field (∼ 10 - 2 Gs), used for spectroscopy of clock transitions in the optical frequency standard based on a single ytterbium ion, which is important for suppressing frequency shifts associated with the quadratic Zeeman effect.

Журнал Экспериментальной и Теоретической Физики•Nov 1, 2024•0 citations

Yb+ single-ion optical frequency standard with systematic uncertainty at the 10−17 level

Nils Huntemann, B. Lipphardt, Maksim V. Okhapkin +2 more

The171Yb+ion possesses two transitions that are applicable as references for optical frequency standards and several general features make this ion attractive: All relevant radiations for cooling and excitation can be generated from diode lasers. A nuclear spin of 1/2 ensures a simple sublevel structure. Long storage times of Yb+in ion traps are easily obtained. The2S1/2(F = 0) →2D3/2(F = 2, mF= 0) electric quadrupole transition at 436 nm with a natural linewidth of 3.1 Hz provides a quantum noise limited instability of a single-ion frequency standard of about 2 × 10-15in 1 s. The electric octupole transition2S1/2(F = 0)→2F7/2(F = 3, mF= 0) at 467 nm with a natural linewidth in the nHz range will allow to surpass that instability level. It also possesses a lower sensitivity to field-induced frequency shifts. In this system the Fourier-limited interrogation linewidth can be adapted to that of the best available laser sources, which are presently at the level below 1 Hz. Both transitions have been recommended as secondary representations of the SI second.

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COMPARISON OF TWO SINGLE-ION OPTICAL FREQUENCY STANDARDS AT THE SUB-HERTZ LEVEL

Chr. Tamm, T. Schneider, E. Peik

We describe experimental investigations on an optical frequency standard based on a laser cooled 171Yb+ ion confined in a radiofrequency Paul trap. The electric-quadrupole transition from the 2S1/2(F=0) ground state to the 2D3/2(F=2) state at the wavelength of 436 nm is used as the reference transition. The reference transition is probed by a frequency-doubled, frequency-stabilized diode laser and is resolved with a Fourier-limited full halfwidth of approximately 30 Hz. In order to compare two 171Yb+ standards, separate frequency shift and servo systems are employed to stabilise the probe frequency to the reference transition line centers of two independently stored 171Yb+ ions. The present experimental results indicate a relative instability (Allan standard deviation)of the optical frequency difference between the two systems of sigma_y(1000 s)=1.0E-15 and a mean frequency difference of 0.2 Hz. Shifts in the range of several Hertz are observed in the frequency difference if a stationary electric field gradient is superimposed on the radiofrequency trap field. This measurement permits a first experimental estimate of the electric quadrupole moment of the 2D3/2 state of Yb+.

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Precision frequency measurement of the 2S1/2 — 2F7/2 electric octupole transition in a single 171Yb+ ion

Stephen A. Webster, Kazumoto Hosaka, Barney Walton +2 more

We report precision laser spectroscopy of the2S1/2(F = 0, mF=0)-2F7/2(F =3, mF= 0) clock transition in a single, trapped, laser cooled ion of171Yb+. The absolute frequency is measured to be 642 121 496 772 656 (12) Hz, a factor of 20 more accurate than previous measurements.

Conference on Precision Electromagnetic Measurements•Jun 1, 2008•5 citations
Standard methods of laser cooling171Yb+in a radiofrequency trap involve the use of coherent optical fields resonant to the optical transition of the2S1/2→2P1/2line, as well as a magnetic field that is used to destroy the coherent population trapping (CPT) appeared at the2S1/2(F= 1) level. Further precision measurements with use of the clock transitions (quadrupole2S1/2(F= 0) →2D3/2(F= 2) and octupole2S1/2(F= 0) →2F7/2(F= 2)) require significant suppression and control of residual magnetic fields. In this work, we investigate in detail an alternative method of laser cooling171Yb+with use of polychromatic fields, which allows completely eliminate the use of a magnetic field in the ion cooling process and thus suppress Zeeman quadratic shift associated with uncontrolled residual magnetic fields.
Abstract Standard methods of laser cooling 171Yb+ in a radiofrequency trap involve the use of coherent optical fields resonant to the optical transition of the 2S1/2 → 2P1/2 line, as well as a magnetic field that is used to destroy the coherent population trapping (CPT) appeared at the 2S1/2(F = 1) level. Further precision measurements with use of the clock transitions (quadrupole 2S1/2(F = 0) → 2D3/2(F = 2) and octupole 2S1/2(F = 0) → 2F7/2(F = 2)) require significant suppression and control of residual magnetic fields. In this work, we investigate in detail an alternative method of laser cooling 171Yb+ with use of polychromatic fields, which allows completely eliminate the use of a magnetic field in the ion cooling process and thus suppress Zeeman quadratic shift associated with uncontrolled residual magnetic fields.
We propose a scheme of deep laser cooling of 171Yb+^{171}\mathrm{Yb}^{+}171Yb+, which is based on the effect of electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) in a polychromatic field with three frequency components resonant with optical transitions of the $^{2}S_{1/2}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}^{2}P_{1/2}$ line. The deep cooling down to the ground motional state in a trap allows for a significant suppression of the second-order Doppler shift in the frequency standard. Moreover, in our scheme, there is no need to use a magnetic field, which is required for Doppler cooling of 171Yb+^{171}\mathrm{Yb}^{+}171Yb+ in a field with a two frequency component. Cooling without the use of a magnetic field is important for the deep suppression of quadratic Zeeman shifts of clock transitions due to an uncontrolled residual magnetic field.
A scheme for laser cooling of an 171 Yb + ion in a radio-frequency trap using a three-frequency laser field with its components resonant to optical transitions of the line 2 S 1/ 2 → 2 P 1/ 2, which does not require a magnetic field, is experimentally implemented. The exclusion of the magnetic field in the laser cooling cycle allows for precise control of a weak magnetic field (∼ 10 - 2 Gs), used for spectroscopy of clock transitions in the optical frequency standard based on a single ytterbium ion, which is important for suppressing frequency shifts associated with the quadratic Zeeman effect.
The171Yb+ion possesses two transitions that are applicable as references for optical frequency standards and several general features make this ion attractive: All relevant radiations for cooling and excitation can be generated from diode lasers. A nuclear spin of 1/2 ensures a simple sublevel structure. Long storage times of Yb+in ion traps are easily obtained. The2S1/2(F = 0) →2D3/2(F = 2, mF= 0) electric quadrupole transition at 436 nm with a natural linewidth of 3.1 Hz provides a quantum noise limited instability of a single-ion frequency standard of about 2 × 10-15in 1 s. The electric octupole transition2S1/2(F = 0)→2F7/2(F = 3, mF= 0) at 467 nm with a natural linewidth in the nHz range will allow to surpass that instability level. It also possesses a lower sensitivity to field-induced frequency shifts. In this system the Fourier-limited interrogation linewidth can be adapted to that of the best available laser sources, which are presently at the level below 1 Hz. Both transitions have been recommended as secondary representations of the SI second.
We describe experimental investigations on an optical frequency standard based on a laser cooled 171Yb+ ion confined in a radiofrequency Paul trap. The electric-quadrupole transition from the 2S1/2(F=0) ground state to the 2D3/2(F=2) state at the wavelength of 436 nm is used as the reference transition. The reference transition is probed by a frequency-doubled, frequency-stabilized diode laser and is resolved with a Fourier-limited full halfwidth of approximately 30 Hz. In order to compare two 171Yb+ standards, separate frequency shift and servo systems are employed to stabilise the probe frequency to the reference transition line centers of two independently stored 171Yb+ ions. The present experimental results indicate a relative instability (Allan standard deviation)of the optical frequency difference between the two systems of sigma_y(1000 s)=1.0E-15 and a mean frequency difference of 0.2 Hz. Shifts in the range of several Hertz are observed in the frequency difference if a stationary electric field gradient is superimposed on the radiofrequency trap field. This measurement permits a first experimental estimate of the electric quadrupole moment of the 2D3/2 state of Yb+.