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arXiv:2307.00864 · Physical Review A

Ground-state electromagnetically-induced-transparency cooling of Yb+171 ions in a polychromatic field

D. S. Krysenko, Прудников Олег Николаевич, А. В. Тайченачев, Valeriy I. Yudin, S. V. Chepurov, Sergei N Bagaev

Published Oct 26, 2023• 3 citations
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Abstract

We propose a scheme of deep laser cooling of $^{171}\mathrm{Yb}^{+}$, which is based on the effect of electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) in a polychromatic field with three frequency components resonant with optical transitions of the $^{2}S_{1/2}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}^{2}P_{1/2}$ line. The deep cooling down to the ground motional state in a trap allows for a significant suppression of the second-order Doppler shift in the frequency standard. Moreover, in our scheme, there is no need to use a magnetic field, which is required for Doppler cooling of $^{171}\mathrm{Yb}^{+}$ in a field with a two frequency component. Cooling without the use of a magnetic field is important for the deep suppression of quadratic Zeeman shifts of clock transitions due to an uncontrolled residual magnetic field.

DOI
10.1103/physreva.108.043114

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We propose a scheme of deep laser cooling of 171Yb+^{171}\mathrm{Yb}^{+}171Yb+, which is based on the effect of electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) in a polychromatic field with three frequency components resonant with optical transitions of the 2S1/2\ensuremath→2P1/2^{2}S_{1/2}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}^{2}P_{1/2}2S1/2​\ensuremath→2P1/2​ line. The deep cooling down to the ground motional state in a trap allows for a significant suppression of the second-order Doppler shift in the frequency standard. Moreover, in our scheme, there is no need to use a magnetic field, which is required for Doppler cooling of 171Yb+^{171}\mathrm{Yb}^{+}171Yb+ in a field with a two frequency component. Cooling without the use of a magnetic field is important for the deep suppression of quadratic Zeeman shifts of clock transitions due to an uncontrolled residual magnetic field.
Abstract Standard methods of laser cooling 171Yb+ in a radiofrequency trap involve the use of coherent optical fields resonant to the optical transition of the 2S1/2 → 2P1/2 line, as well as a magnetic field that is used to destroy the coherent population trapping (CPT) appeared at the 2S1/2(F = 1) level. Further precision measurements with use of the clock transitions (quadrupole 2S1/2(F = 0) → 2D3/2(F = 2) and octupole 2S1/2(F = 0) → 2F7/2(F = 2)) require significant suppression and control of residual magnetic fields. In this work, we investigate in detail an alternative method of laser cooling 171Yb+ with use of polychromatic fields, which allows completely eliminate the use of a magnetic field in the ion cooling process and thus suppress Zeeman quadratic shift associated with uncontrolled residual magnetic fields.
Standard methods of laser cooling171Yb+in a radiofrequency trap involve the use of coherent optical fields resonant to the optical transition of the2S1/2→2P1/2line, as well as a magnetic field that is used to destroy the coherent population trapping (CPT) appeared at the2S1/2(F= 1) level. Further precision measurements with use of the clock transitions (quadrupole2S1/2(F= 0) →2D3/2(F= 2) and octupole2S1/2(F= 0) →2F7/2(F= 2)) require significant suppression and control of residual magnetic fields. In this work, we investigate in detail an alternative method of laser cooling171Yb+with use of polychromatic fields, which allows completely eliminate the use of a magnetic field in the ion cooling process and thus suppress Zeeman quadratic shift associated with uncontrolled residual magnetic fields.
A scheme for laser cooling of an 171 Yb + ion in a radio-frequency trap using a three-frequency laser field with its components resonant to optical transitions of the line 2 S 1/ 2 → 2 P 1/ 2, which does not require a magnetic field, is experimentally implemented. The exclusion of the magnetic field in the laser cooling cycle allows for precise control of a weak magnetic field (∼ 10 - 2 Gs), used for spectroscopy of clock transitions in the optical frequency standard based on a single ytterbium ion, which is important for suppressing frequency shifts associated with the quadratic Zeeman effect.
We report the electromagnetically-induced-transparency (EIT) cooling of a large trapped ^{171}Yb^{+} ion chain to the quantum ground state. Unlike conventional EIT cooling, we engage a four-level tripod structure and achieve fast sub-Doppler cooling over all motional modes. We observe simultaneous ground-state cooling across the complete transverse mode spectrum of up to 40 ions, occupying a bandwidth of over 3 MHz. The cooling time is observed to be less than 300 μs, independent of the number of ions. Such efficient cooling across the entire spectrum is essential for high-fidelity quantum operations using trapped ion crystals for quantum simulators or quantum computers.
Ground state laser cooling of a single trapped Ca(+)on is achieved with a technique which tailors the absorption profile for the cooling laser by exploiting electromagnetically induced transparency. Using the Zeeman structure of the S(1/2) to P(1/2) dipole transition we achieve up to 90% ground state probability. The new method is robust, easy to implement, and proves particularly useful for cooling several motional degrees of freedom simultaneously, which is of great practical importance for the implementation of quantum logic schemes with trapped ions.
We theoretically propose and experimentally demonstrate a parallel electromagnetically induced transparency (parallel EIT) cooling technique for ion crystals in the Paul trap. It breaks the stringent cooling requirements of the standard EIT cooling, thus allowing, in principle, to simultaneously cool the motional mode spectrum with an arbitrary range. Experimentally a large cooling range over 5 MHz is proved by using a single trapped 40Ca+{}^{40}{\mathrm{Ca}}^{+}40Ca+ ion. We also observe simultaneous near-ground-state cooling for all motional modes of a 4-ion chain with the best average phonon number of about 0.2. For cooling a large number of modes, we only need to modulate the probe beam of the standard EIT cooling with several rf frequencies. This cooling scheme has no selectivity for the types of ions (e.g., 171Yb+{}^{171}{\mathrm{Yb}}^{+}171Yb+, 40Ca+{}^{40}{\mathrm{Ca}}^{+}40Ca+), therefore it would be a powerful tool for initialization of all kinds of operational trapped-ion quantum computers or simulators.