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Laser Physics

Goos–Hänchen shifts in a V-type three-level atomic system interacting with squeezed vacuum

HaiPeng Zeng, Aijie Ma

Published Mar 27, 2024• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

Abstract This study explores the Goos–Hänchen (GH) shift phenomenon within a cavity hosting a V-type three-level atomic system, engaged with two independent broadband squeezed baths. Our exploration encompasses a thorough analysis of the lateral shifts in both reflected and transmitted light beams, with a focus on the impact of critical factors, i.e, coupling field strength, incoherent pumping field strength, and squeezed vacuum intensity. Our results reveal an interplay of these parameters, resulting in distinctive negative and positive GH shifts in both reflected and transmitted light. In addition, a remarkable enhancement of GH shifts at specific angles of incidence is observed, presenting a wide-ranging modulation across diverse system parameters. This study not only enriches the understanding of the GH shift in complex atomic systems but also highlights the potential for the manipulation of these lateral shifts by fine-tuning key variables of the system, and contributes valuable insights to the broader field of optical phenomena in quantum systems.

DOI
10.1088/1555-6611/ad3433

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Abstract This study explores the Goos–Hänchen (GH) shift phenomenon within a cavity hosting a V-type three-level atomic system, engaged with two independent broadband squeezed baths. Our exploration encompasses a thorough analysis of the lateral shifts in both reflected and transmitted light beams, with a focus on the impact of critical factors, i.e, coupling field strength, incoherent pumping field strength, and squeezed vacuum intensity. Our results reveal an interplay of these parameters, resulting in distinctive negative and positive GH shifts in both reflected and transmitted light. In addition, a remarkable enhancement of GH shifts at specific angles of incidence is observed, presenting a wide-ranging modulation across diverse system parameters. This study not only enriches the understanding of the GH shift in complex atomic systems but also highlights the potential for the manipulation of these lateral shifts by fine-tuning key variables of the system, and contributes valuable insights to the broader field of optical phenomena in quantum systems.
We analyze an efficient scheme to enhance the Goos-H\"anchen (GH) shifts of the reflected and transmitted beams in a cavity containing two-level atomic medium. A broadband squeezed vacuum field is injected into the cavity to interact with the atomic medium. In the bad cavity limit, the Bloch equations for the atomic operators are identical to those in the free space, but with the modification of the system parameters. Using experimentally achievable parameters, we identify the conditions under which the squeezed vacuum allows us to enhance the GH shifts of the reflected and transmitted beams beyond what is achievable in the absence of the squeezed vacuum. The enhanced GH shifts originate from the coherent population oscillations controlled by the squeezed vacuum field. Furthermore, we also find that the GH shifts of the reflected and transmitted beams depend sensitively on the relative phase between the control field and the squeezed vacuum field. Subsequently, we propose a scheme for such a configuration of the GH shift as a family of hypersensitized displacement sensors. Based on the numerical analysis, the detection sensitivity and minimum detectable value for the tiny displacement can reach approximately $2340\phantom{\rule{0.16em}{0ex}}\ensuremath{\mu}\mathrm{m}/\mathrm{nm}$ and 14.4 pm, respectively.
The behavior of the Goos-H\"anchen (GH) shifts in the reflected and transmitted light beam which is incident on a cavity containing an intracavity medium of three-level or four-level atoms with electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) is discussed. We report a coherent control of the GH shift in a fixed configuration or device via superluminal and subluminal wave propagation. For superluminal wave propagation, we observe negative GH shifts in the reflected part of the incident light whereas the shifts are positive in the transmitted light beam. This corresponds to the negative group index of the cavity in the former case and positive group index of the cavity in the latter. For subluminal wave propagation, the behavior of the GH shifts in the reflected light changes and positive shifts appear; however, the GH shifts in the transmitted light remains positive. The corresponding group index of the cavity is positive in both cases.
We study the manipulation of Goos-H\"anchen (GH) shifts for the reflected and transmitted probe light pulses injected into a cavity containing four-level configuration mercury atoms where the probe transition is in the ultraviolet (UV) region with a wavelength of 253.7nm253.7\phantom{\rule{0.28em}{0ex}}\mathrm{nm}253.7nm. Different behaviors of the GH shifts can be observed in the absence, or presence, of two driving fields as well as an incoherent pump field. When neither coherent driving fields nor incoherent pumping is turned on, we realize negative reflected GH shifts for anomalous dispersion. Including only one driving field leads to subluminal-based light propagation with positive lateral shifts at certain incident angles. Taking into account the impact of both driving fields, negative GH shifts reappear in the reflected part of the incident light. The origin of this defect is attributed to interacting double dark resonances due to a high-resolution absorption peaks with a very steep negative slope of dispersion in the susceptibility profile. We then show that one can surpass this defect by applying a weak incoherent pumping field to obtain positive GH shifts for both reflected and transmitted light beams. Finally, using the $6{\phantom{\rule{0.16em}{0ex}}}^{1}{P}_{1}\ensuremath{\leftrightarrow}6{\phantom{\rule{0.16em}{0ex}}}^{1}{S}_{0}$ transition of Hg, we generalize our study to the case where the wavelength of the probe transition is 185nm185\phantom{\rule{0.28em}{0ex}}\mathrm{nm}185nm which is in the vacuum-ultraviolet domain. Although the number of oscillations is now increased, however, similar results are reported with respect to the case of UV transition.
Abstract In this work, a four-level sodium atomic medium coupled to a single mode cavity is used to investigate the Goos-Hänchen (GH) shift. Using collective phase of the control fields and intensity of Rabi oscillation, the positive as well as negative GH-shift in transmission and reflection beams are examined. In the transmission beam, a maximum GH-shift of ±6λ is observed. Furthermore, GH-shift in both reflection and transmission beams in a four-level sodium atomic medium is significantly enhanced by photon number density as well as by the cavity coupling strength. By varying the collective phase of the control fields and the probe field frequency, GH-shift in reflection exhibits a maximum value of ±2λ. Our findings may open up significant applications in micro-optics, sensers, photonic crystals and nano processor technology.
Abstract In this letter, we propose a novel model for adjusting the Goos–Hänchen shifts (GH) from a fixed cavity. A three-level double quantum dot (QD) molecule is doped in the cavity, which interacts with a probe laser field and an incoherent pumping rate. We initially investigate the refraction index of double QDs utilizing the quantum mechanical density matrix approach in order to achieve negative and positive refractive indexes. The GH shifts of reflected and transmitted light beams in positive and negative refraction indices of the intracavity medium were then studied. The improved negative or positive GH shifts in reflected and transmitted light beams may be accomplished by changing the incoherent pumping rate and tunneling effect. Our findings reveal that the magnitude of the GH shifts is greatly influenced by the absorption of incoming probing light in double QDs. The enormous GH shifts for the perfect tuning cavity have been seen at a given incidence angle.
The negative and positive Goos-H\"anchen (GH) shifts in reflected light are revisited for a partial coherent light incident on a cavity. A three-level dilute gaseous atomic medium, which follows two-photon Raman transitions, is considered in a cavity. The anomalous (negative group index) and normal (positive group index) dispersions of the intracavity medium lead to negative and positive GH shifts, respectively. The effects of beam width, spatial coherence, and mode index of partial coherent light fields are studied on the negative and positive GH shifts. It is observed that the amplitude of negative and positive GH shifts are relatively large for a small range of beam width and for a small value of spatial coherence of partial coherent light beams. The amplitude of GH shifts becomes small for large beam width and spatial coherence of incident light. Further, the distortion in the reflected light field increases when the amplitude of the GH shifts increases and vice versa.