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Physical Review A

Manipulation of Goos-Hänchen shifts in the atomic configuration of mercury via interacting dark-state resonances

Hamid Reza Hamedi, Arash Radmehr, Mostafa Sahrai

Published Nov 19, 2014• 56 citations
Publisher

Abstract

We study the manipulation of Goos-H\"anchen (GH) shifts for the reflected and transmitted probe light pulses injected into a cavity containing four-level configuration mercury atoms where the probe transition is in the ultraviolet (UV) region with a wavelength of $253.7\phantom{\rule{0.28em}{0ex}}\mathrm{nm}$. Different behaviors of the GH shifts can be observed in the absence, or presence, of two driving fields as well as an incoherent pump field. When neither coherent driving fields nor incoherent pumping is turned on, we realize negative reflected GH shifts for anomalous dispersion. Including only one driving field leads to subluminal-based light propagation with positive lateral shifts at certain incident angles. Taking into account the impact of both driving fields, negative GH shifts reappear in the reflected part of the incident light. The origin of this defect is attributed to interacting double dark resonances due to a high-resolution absorption peaks with a very steep negative slope of dispersion in the susceptibility profile. We then show that one can surpass this defect by applying a weak incoherent pumping field to obtain positive GH shifts for both reflected and transmitted light beams. Finally, using the $6{\phantom{\rule{0.16em}{0ex}}}^{1}{P}_{1}\ensuremath{\leftrightarrow}6{\phantom{\rule{0.16em}{0ex}}}^{1}{S}_{0}$ transition of Hg, we generalize our study to the case where the wavelength of the probe transition is $185\phantom{\rule{0.28em}{0ex}}\mathrm{nm}$ which is in the vacuum-ultraviolet domain. Although the number of oscillations is now increased, however, similar results are reported with respect to the case of UV transition.

DOI
10.1103/physreva.90.053836

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We study the manipulation of Goos-H"anchen (GH) shifts for the reflected and transmitted probe light pulses injected into a cavity containing four-level configuration mercury atoms where the probe transition is in the ultraviolet (UV) region with a wavelength of 253.7nm253.7\phantom{\rule{0.28em}{0ex}}\mathrm{nm}253.7nm. Different behaviors of the GH shifts can be observed in the absence, or presence, of two driving fields as well as an incoherent pump field. When neither coherent driving fields nor incoherent pumping is turned on, we realize negative reflected GH shifts for anomalous dispersion. Including only one driving field leads to subluminal-based light propagation with positive lateral shifts at certain incident angles. Taking into account the impact of both driving fields, negative GH shifts reappear in the reflected part of the incident light. The origin of this defect is attributed to interacting double dark resonances due to a high-resolution absorption peaks with a very steep negative slope of dispersion in the susceptibility profile. We then show that one can surpass this defect by applying a weak incoherent pumping field to obtain positive GH shifts for both reflected and transmitted light beams. Finally, using the 61P1\ensuremath↔61S06{\phantom{\rule{0.16em}{0ex}}}^{1}{P}_{1}\ensuremath{\leftrightarrow}6{\phantom{\rule{0.16em}{0ex}}}^{1}{S}_{0}61P1​\ensuremath↔61S0​ transition of Hg, we generalize our study to the case where the wavelength of the probe transition is 185nm185\phantom{\rule{0.28em}{0ex}}\mathrm{nm}185nm which is in the vacuum-ultraviolet domain. Although the number of oscillations is now increased, however, similar results are reported with respect to the case of UV transition.
The behavior of the Goos-H\"anchen (GH) shifts in the reflected and transmitted light beam which is incident on a cavity containing an intracavity medium of three-level or four-level atoms with electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) is discussed. We report a coherent control of the GH shift in a fixed configuration or device via superluminal and subluminal wave propagation. For superluminal wave propagation, we observe negative GH shifts in the reflected part of the incident light whereas the shifts are positive in the transmitted light beam. This corresponds to the negative group index of the cavity in the former case and positive group index of the cavity in the latter. For subluminal wave propagation, the behavior of the GH shifts in the reflected light changes and positive shifts appear; however, the GH shifts in the transmitted light remains positive. The corresponding group index of the cavity is positive in both cases.
Abstract In this paper, we propose a new configuration for manipulating Goos–Hänchen (GH) shifts in reflected and transmitted probe beams in a fixed geometrical scheme with a confined four-level InGaN/GaN quantum dot nanostructure. Here, the four-level quantum dot nanostructure is driven by a weak probe light, a coherent coupling field, and two broadband polarized fields that serve as the incoherent pumping fields. We theoretically show that by modulation of the external coupling field, incoherent pumping rates, and detuning of the probe light, the GH shifts in the reflected and transmitted probe light can be controlled. Our results show that enhanced GH shifts of reflected and transmitted probe beams can be obtained by simultaneous use of incoherent pumping rates and detuning of the probe light. Moreover, we find that the GH shifts in both reflected and transmitted probe beams can be negative or positive at certain angles of the incident probe field. Thus, these results may provide some new possibilities for technological applications in all-optical systems based on nanostructure devices.
Abstract This study explores the Goos–Hänchen (GH) shift phenomenon within a cavity hosting a V-type three-level atomic system, engaged with two independent broadband squeezed baths. Our exploration encompasses a thorough analysis of the lateral shifts in both reflected and transmitted light beams, with a focus on the impact of critical factors, i.e, coupling field strength, incoherent pumping field strength, and squeezed vacuum intensity. Our results reveal an interplay of these parameters, resulting in distinctive negative and positive GH shifts in both reflected and transmitted light. In addition, a remarkable enhancement of GH shifts at specific angles of incidence is observed, presenting a wide-ranging modulation across diverse system parameters. This study not only enriches the understanding of the GH shift in complex atomic systems but also highlights the potential for the manipulation of these lateral shifts by fine-tuning key variables of the system, and contributes valuable insights to the broader field of optical phenomena in quantum systems.
A gain-assisted model is considered to study the Goos-H$\stackrel{\ifmmode \ddot{}\else \"{}\fi{}}{\text{a}}$nchen (GH) shift behavior in the reflected and transmitted light. In this model, a probe light is incident on a cavity containing three-level dilute gaseous atomic medium. The atom-field interaction follows two-photon Raman transitions, and the dielectric susceptibility of the medium exhibits dispersion and gain properties [L. J. Wang, A. Kuzmich, and A. Dogariu, Nature (London) 406, 227 (2000)]. Under appropriate conditions, two gain peaks are observed with anomalous dispersion between the peaks, whereas normal dispersion can be observed at and around the gain maxima. The manipulation of the detuning associated with the probe light field which interacts with the intracavity medium during its propagation through the cavity can lead to a control over negative and positive GH shift in the reflected and transmitted light beam via the anomalous and normal dispersion of the medium.
The behavior of the Goos-Hanchen (GH) shifts in the reflected and transmitted light beam which is incident on a cavity containing an intracavity medium of three-level or four-level atoms with electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) is discussed. We report a coherent control of the GH shift in a fixed configuration or device via superluminal and subluminal wave propagation. For superluminal wave propagation, we observe negative GH shifts in the reflected part of the incident light whereas the shifts are positive in the transmitted light beam. This corresponds to the negative group index of the cavity in the former case and positive group index of the cavity in the latter. For subluminal wave propagation, the behavior of the GH shifts in the reflected light changes and positive shifts appear
The influence of spontaneous generated coherence (SGC) on the Goos–Hänchen (GH) shift in the reflected light is presented. A weak probe light is incident on a cavity containing three-level gaseous atomic medium consist of 85Rb atoms. The atom–field interaction follows electromagnetically induced transparency configuration, and the SGC modifies the dispersion and absorption properties of a system [Y. Niu and S. Gong, Phys. Rev. A 73, 053811 (2006)]. The SGC enhances the Kerr nonlinearity which leads to giant negative and positive GH shifts in the reflected light. Further, the control of negative and positive GH shifts is achieved via manipulation of probe field detuning.