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Annalen der Physik

Unidirectional Reflectionlessness and Transmissionlessness in Indirectly Coupled Whispering‐Gallery Mode Resonators

Gang Li, Ying Qiao Zhang, Xing Ri Jin

Published Jan 4, 2024• 2 citations
Publisher

Abstract

Abstract The reflection and transmission characteristics of a system composed of two whispering‐gallery mode (WGM) resonators are explored. Each resonator contains a Zeeman split quantum dot and side‐couples to an optical fiber. The results indicate that the unidirectional reflectionlessness and transmissionlessness can be achieved by adjusting the coupling strength between the resonators and the optical fiber, as well as the transition rate between the counter‐propagating modes within the WGM resonators. Besides, a one‐to‐one correspondence is set up between the resonance frequencies of quantum dots' energy levels and the positions of reflectionlessness (transmissionlessness) peaks when phase shift between two WGM resonators is . This research provides the valuable insights for the development of quantum optical devices such as isolators, circulators, and routers.

DOI
10.1002/andp.202300473

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Abstract The reflection and transmission characteristics of a system composed of two whispering‐gallery mode (WGM) resonators are explored. Each resonator contains a Zeeman split quantum dot and side‐couples to an optical fiber. The results indicate that the unidirectional reflectionlessness and transmissionlessness can be achieved by adjusting the coupling strength between the resonators and the optical fiber, as well as the transition rate between the counter‐propagating modes within the WGM resonators. Besides, a one‐to‐one correspondence is set up between the resonance frequencies of quantum dots' energy levels and the positions of reflectionlessness (transmissionlessness) peaks when phase shift between two WGM resonators is . This research provides the valuable insights for the development of quantum optical devices such as isolators, circulators, and routers.
We study the reflection and transmission properties of a system comprising two whispering-gallery mode resonators, each containing a Zeeman-split quantum dot and side-coupled to an optical fiber. Our results demonstrate that unidirectional reflection and transmission can be achieved by tuning the coupling strength between the resonators and the optical fiber. Furthermore, we establish a correspondence between quantum dot energy level resonance frequencies and the positions of low reflection (transmission) peaks at a phase shift of π. This research provides insights for the development of quantum optical devices like isolators, circulators, and routers.
We report a novel, to the best of our knowledge, way to achieve phase-controlled dual-wavelength resonance based on whispering-gallery-mode (WGM) microcavities experimentally. With the help of a feedback waveguide, not only two optical pathways but also a unidirectional coupling between counter-propagating waves are formed, which is the requirement of all-optical analogues of electromagnetically induced transparency and Autler-Townes splitting. By adjusting the accumulating phase introduced from the fiber waveguide, we observe the signal lineshape changes from symmetric to asymmetric, i.e., the resonant transmission and extinction ratio of two splitting modes can be controlled, which brings a new degree of freedom to the WGM resonator system. These results may boost the development of quantum state control and pave the way for reconfiguring devices such as narrow-band filters.
Abstract The nonreciprocal property of quantum systems is crucial for chiral quantum networks. In this study, a phase‐controlled scheme is proposed to enhance the nonreciprocal quantum entanglement and optical transmission in a cavity optomechanical system by introducing a phase‐dependent unidirectional coupling between two whispering‐gallery‐mode (WGM) resonators. The Sagnac effect induced by the spinning resonator generates nonreciprocity, while the interference effect between direct evanescent coupling and indirect phase‐dependent unidirectional coupling significantly enhances entanglement under the anti‐Stokes sideband. For specific coupling phases, ideal nonreciprocity can be achieved in both entanglement and transmission. The proposed phase‐controlled nonreciprocity presented offers an effective strategy for constructing a unidirectional quantum channel and implementing an optical diode in chiral quantum networks, thereby opening up new possibilities for applications in quantum technologies.
Unidirectional reflectionlessness is investigated in a waveguide quantum electrodynamics system that consists of a cavity and a [Formula: see text]-type three-level quantum dot coupled to a one-dimensional plasmonic waveguide. Analytical expressions of transmission and reflection coefficients are derived and discussed for both resonant and off-resonant couplings. By appropriately modulating the coupling strength, phase shift and Rabi frequency, unidirectional reflectionlessness is observed at the exceptional points (EPs). And unidirectional coherent perfect absorption is exhibited at the vicinity of the EP. These results might find applications in designing quantum devices of photons, such as optical switches and single-photon transistors.
We theoretically describe and study coupling between two whispering-gallery-mode microcavities through a side coupled fiber taper. The two microcavities can couple to each other bidirectionally with only one fiber taper waveguide due to the modal coupling between a pair of whispering-gallery modes traveling in opposite directions. By choosing appropriate physical parameters, some interesting spectra, such as electromagnetically-induced transparency-like coherent transmission and band-like reflection, can be obtained in such a system. Slow light is discussed in this paper as a direct application of the coupled microresonator structure. This structure also has potential application in coupled cavity quantum electrodynamics.
Abstract Unidirectional propagation of photons originated from perfect chirality meets the critical requirement for building a high-performance quantum network. However, it not only requires that the circular dipole emitter is precisely located at points of circularly polarized electric fields, which leads to non-reciprocal interactions for photons with opposite propagation directions, but also the light-emitter interaction strength should be strong enough to guarantee a π phase shift. Unfortunately, these perfect chirality points are scarce and accessible points with elliptically polarized fields result in non-ideal photon-emitter chiral interactions and emitters radiating photons bidirectionally. Meanwhile, reflection properties, phase shifts, and non-reciprocal interactions are sensitive to frequency detunings and dissipations. Here, without engineering the dipole and optimizing the distribution of the field, a scatter such as a nanotip placed at the evanescent field of a whispering gallery mode resonator (WGMR) is adopted to control the transporting properties of single photons under non-ideal chiral interactions. By properly adjusting the relative position between the nanotip and the atom or the overlap between the nanotip and the mode volume of the WGMR, amplitudes of reflected photons in different pathways are changed. Consequently, complete destructive interference appears and thus no photons are reflected. The corresponding phase shifts of π and non-reciprocal interactions are guaranteed simultaneously. Significantly, the perfect chirality reconstructed here is robust against frequency detunings and dissipations. Therefore, the atom-WGMR-nanotip structure can be regarded as a compound chiral atom with radiating photons in only one direction.