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Physical Review Applied

Entanglement and quantum steering in a hybrid quadpartite system

Amjad Sohail, Montasir Qasymeh, Hichem Eleuch

Published Nov 30, 2023• 35 citations
Publisher

Abstract

We consider a quadpartite hybrid system that incorporates a microwave cavity, a yttrium-iron-garnet (YIG) magnetic sphere resonator, a mechanical resonator, and an $LC$ electrical resonator. The entanglement and the quantum steering properties of this quadpartite system are thoroughly investigated by considering practical parameters. The microwave cavity mode is directly coupled to the magnon, mechanical, and electrical modes via Kittel magnetostatics, radiation pressure, and adjustable capacitance of the $LC$ configuration, respectively. We demonstrate tripartite entanglement among different modes, including indirectly coupled modes (such as magnon entanglement with mechanical and $LC$ electrical modes) for operating temperatures up to 2 K. Furthermore, we observe the presence of asymmetric one-way steering, revealing that the mechanical oscillator and the $LC$ resonant modes can steer the indirectly coupled magnon mode (yet in one direction while steering is not possible in the backward direction). The integration of the four interacting modes provides a variety of controlling degrees of freedom and makes the proposed quadpartite system an attractive approach for a wide range of applications, including data processing and communication, sensing, and quantum technologies.

DOI
10.1103/physrevapplied.20.054062

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We consider a quadpartite hybrid system that incorporates a microwave cavity, a yttrium-iron-garnet (YIG) magnetic sphere resonator, a mechanical resonator, and an LCLCLC electrical resonator. The entanglement and the quantum steering properties of this quadpartite system are thoroughly investigated by considering practical parameters. The microwave cavity mode is directly coupled to the magnon, mechanical, and electrical modes via Kittel magnetostatics, radiation pressure, and adjustable capacitance of the LCLCLC configuration, respectively. We demonstrate tripartite entanglement among different modes, including indirectly coupled modes (such as magnon entanglement with mechanical and LCLCLC electrical modes) for operating temperatures up to 2 K. Furthermore, we observe the presence of asymmetric one-way steering, revealing that the mechanical oscillator and the LCLCLC resonant modes can steer the indirectly coupled magnon mode (yet in one direction while steering is not possible in the backward direction). The integration of the four interacting modes provides a variety of controlling degrees of freedom and makes the proposed quadpartite system an attractive approach for a wide range of applications, including data processing and communication, sensing, and quantum technologies.
Abstract The quantum entanglement and the one‐way quantum steering in cavity magnonic system composed of a yttrium iron garnet (YIG) sphere and two microwave cavities, one of which is driven by a two‐photon drive field, are studied. Bipartite entanglement, tripartite entanglement, and steering can be achieved under the four‐wave mixing process. It is shown that the degree of entanglement and the direction of one‐way steering can be manipulated not only by designing the dissipation ratio between the two cavity modes but also by regulating the coherent coupling strength ratio between the two cavity modes and the magnon mode. It is found that the direction of steering is associated with the populations of the two cavity modes, meaning that the mode with a greater population always dominates the steering direction. Especially, the transfer between cavity–magnon entanglement and cavity–cavity entanglement can be realized by adjusting the coupling strengths. The findings provide a practical method for coherently manipulating entanglement and one‐way steering in cavity–magnon system.
We theoretically investigate a scheme to entangle two squeezed magnon modes in a double cavitymagnon system, where both cavities are driven by a two-mode squeezed vacuum microwave field. Each cavity contains an optical parametric amplifier as well as a macroscopic yttrium iron garnet (YIG) sphere placed near the maximum bias magnetic fields such that this leads to the excitation of the relevant magnon mode and its coupling with the corresponding cavity mode. We have obtained optimal parameter regimes for achieving the strong magnon-magnon entanglement and also studied the effectiveness of this scheme towards the mismatch of both the cavity-magnon couplings and decay parameters. We have also explored the entanglement transfer efficiency including Gaussian quantum steering in our proposed system
We propose a simple scheme to generate quantum entanglement and one-way steering between distinct mode pairs in a generic cavity magnomechanical system, which is composed of a microwave cavity and a yttrium iron garnet sphere supporting magnon and phonon modes. The microwave cavity is pumped by a weak squeezed vacuum field, which plays an important role for establishing quantum entanglement and steering. It is found that when the magnon mode is driven by the red-detuned laser, the maximum entanglement between cavity mode and phonon mode and the maximum phonon-to-photon one-way steering can be effectively generated via adjusting the ratio of two coupling rates. While under the much weaker magnomechanical coupling, the quantum entanglement and one-way steering between cavity mode and magnon mode can be achieved, where the steering direction is determined merely by the relative dissipation strength of the cavity to the magnon mode. More interestingly, we reveal that the robustness to the temperature for entanglement and steering between any mode pairs can be evidently enhanced by selecting the squeezing parameter appropriately.
Abstract We present a theoretical scheme for nonreciprocal entanglement in a quadpartite system via the Barnett effect. Our quadpartite system is based on a microwave cavity, simultaneously coupled with phonon, an LC circuit, and magnon via radiation pressure, adjustable capacitance of the LC circuit, and Kittel magnetostatics, respectively. By changing the magnetic field’s direction, the Barnett effect produces a Barnett frequency shift that may be efficiently controlled to be either negative or positive. By controlling system parameters, we show that, by employing a bidirectional contrast ratio, multipartite entanglements can be non-reciprocally enhanced via the Barnett shift. In addition, Barnett’s shift also affects the robustness of these entanglements against the bath temperature. Such a system with a variety of control mechanisms might find a range of applications in quantum technologies, computation, and information processing.
Abstract Two cavity‐magnon subsystems coupled via the two single‐mode cavities mediated by a non‐degenerate parametric down conversion and each cavity carrying a magnon confined in a Yttrium‐iron‐garnet sphere is proposed to study one‐way quantum steering and asymmetric tripartite entanglement. The entanglement can be transferred from the two microwave cavities to the two separated magnon modes using magnetic dipole interaction. Different from previous schemes, the present study demonstrates efficient realization of controllable one‐way quantum steering between two magnon modes through asymmetric frequency detunings of the two magnon modes. In addition, an asymmetric tripartite entanglement can also be achieved. Furthermore, the system exhibits robustness to temperatures up to 100 mK, providing a promising avenue for utilizing cavity magnonics systems in unidirectional transmission of quantum information.
Abstract We propose to realize bipartite and tripartite entanglements transfer in a cavity magnomechanical system consisting of a microwave cavity with an yttrium iron garnet (YIG) sphere and a silicon-nitride membrane in it. The initial magnon–YIG phonon entanglement and photon-membrane phonon entanglement caused by the magnetostrictive interaction and the optomechanical interaction can be effectively transferred to magnon–membrane phonon entanglement and photon–YIG phonon entanglement. Photon–magnon–YIG phonon and photon–magnon–membrane phonon entanglements can also be realized in the system. These two types of tripartite entanglements can be easily transferred from one type to the other by adjusting the detuning or dissipation ratio. Moreover, the bipartite and tripartite entanglements and their transfer are all robust against temperature. Furthermore, by introducing supermodes formed by the photon and magnon modes, we find that the entanglement between the two mechanical modes can be obtained under the condition of an extremely low temperature. And the effective detuning region of the YIG phonon-membrane phonon entanglement is complementary to the detuning regions of other bipartite entanglements. Our results indicate that the combination of cavity magnomechanical and optomechanical systems could provide more flexible controllability of bipartite and tripartite entanglements and their transfer and could serve as a potential quantum interface among microwave, magnon, and mechanical systems.