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Joint Conference of the European Frequency and Time Forum and IEEE International Frequency Control Symposium (EFTF/IFCS)

Analysis of the Asymmetry of Erbium-Doped Fiber Length in Fiber RF Transmission

Jinze Lu, Hao Gao, Zhuoze Zhao, Jiahui Cheng, Bin Luo, Song Yu, Hong Mei Guo

Published May 15, 2023• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

Bidirectional erbium-doped fiber amplifiers(Bi-EDFAs) are needed for optical amplification in long distance fiber frequency transmission. Erbium-doped fiber is used in optical amplifiers. With the increase of the asymmetric length of erbium-doped fiber, the transmission stability of the system will be deteriorated. We built a simulation platform for fiber frequency transmission, and set erbium fiber with different lengths based on it to observe its influence on frequency stability. The results show that the stability of the system decreases obviously with the increase of the asymmetric length of the Erbium fiber.

DOI
10.1109/eftf/ifcs57587.2023.10272057

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Bidirectional erbium-doped fiber amplifiers(Bi-EDFAs) are needed for optical amplification in long distance fiber frequency transmission. Erbium-doped fiber is used in optical amplifiers. With the increase of the asymmetric length of erbium-doped fiber, the transmission stability of the system will be deteriorated. We built a simulation platform for fiber frequency transmission, and set erbium fiber with different lengths based on it to observe its influence on frequency stability. The results show that the stability of the system decreases obviously with the increase of the asymmetric length of the Erbium fiber.
We demonstrate an optical frequency transfer over a 377 km-long fiber link using three bi-directional Erbium-doped fiber amplifiers (EDFAs) to compensate the fiber attenuation. Through active phase noise cancellation, we obtain a transfer instability of 2.2×10-14 at 1 s and 6.2×10-17 at 2000 s. The lasing effects induced by EDFAs are observed in the transfer link which reduce the gain performance of the EDFAs and deteriorate the stability of the signal. In the paper, the factors that may induce the lasing effects is discussed, specially, improper phase locking parameters may stimulate the lasing effects. The phase noise of the 377 km link and the transfer instability versus fiber lengths is also researched. This work makes a good foundation for our future research on long-distance optical frequency transfer.
The transmission distance of optically repeating systems is ultimately bounded by quantum noises arising from attenuation and amplification. It is known that fiber Raman amplifiers (FRAs) can achieve longer quantum-limited distances than other amplification schemes owing to their distributed amplification characteristics. However, all-FRA systems are difficult to implement in practice. Therefore, a hybrid erbium-doped fiber amplifier (EDFA)/FRA system may be a reasonable solution for long-haul transmission. In this study, the quantum-limited transmission distance of hybrid EDFA/FRA systems is investigated. A formula for the quantum fluctuation variance during transmission was derived based on quantum mechanical treatment. Calculation results obtained with the derived formula quantitatively indicate that the quantum-limited transmission distance increases as the EDFA/FRA hybrid ratio varies from EDFAs alone to FRAs alone.
"Doping a part of the optical fiber core by (Er3+ ) ions in presence of external pumping power will lead to form the erbium-doped fiber amplifier (EDFA).The performance of this optical amplifier depends on (the power and the wavelength of the pumping laser, the power and wavelength of the input signal, amplifier length, ion concentration). These parameters will affect the characteristics of EDFA such as amplifier gain, gain saturation, noise figure and output power. However, these characteristics can be determined by solving the EDFA propagation and rate equations. The solution of these equations of two-level laser medium can be done numerically. In this paper, we are proposed a novel method to solve these equations. The reconstructed results are perfectly coincided the well known numerical results.
An apporoximative theoretical of an erbium-doped fiber amplifier (EDFA) has been proposed in this paper by the rate equation of three-level system. The optimum fiber length is obtained with different pump wavelength by considering the excited-stated-absorption(ESA) in EDFA. The relations between the gain and signal light intensity and pump light intensity are analyzed. It is found that the gain spectrum shape can be changed with the fiber length, which provides the evidence that EDFA is of great potential use in wavelength division multiplexed telecommunication systems.
Doping a part of the optical fiber core by (Er3+ ) ions in presence of external pumping power will lead to form the erbium-doped fiber amplifier (EDFA).The performance of this optical amplifier depends on (the power and the wavelength of the pumping laser, the power and wavelength of the input signal, amplifier length, ion concentration). These parameters will affect the characteristics of EDFA such as amplifier gain, gain saturation, noise figure and output power. However, these characteristics can be determined by solving the EDFA propagation and rate equations. The solution of these equations of two-level laser medium can be done numerically. In this paper, we are proposed a novel method to solve these equations. The reconstructed results are perfectly coincided the well known numerical results.
Characteristics of noise in erbium doped fiber amplifier (EDFA) are theoretically analyzed and experimentally verified. Four discreet energy models are used for erbium ion transition. Spatially varying photon number for traveling optical field was defined in a spatially divided segment with finite length, whose length is decided by property of the spontaneous emission. Quantitative evaluation of the Langevin noise sources becomes possible by this model. The amplified spontaneous emission was included in terms of discrete longitudinal mode, which is defined for whole length of the EDFA. It was found that the relative intensity noise (RIN) in the EDFA hardly changes with noise frequency in the region higher than several kHz. The phase noise in EDFA also hardly changes with the noise frequency. The frequency noise of the signal light in the EDFA increases proportional to squared value of the noise frequency. The amount of RIN and the phase noise decrease in higher input optical power. Good correspondence between theoretical and experimental results was obtained.