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Modern Physics Letters B

Theoretical analysis of the resonance fluorescence correlation spectrum of three-level multi-mer 85Rb atomic system

Chao Zhao

Published Oct 3, 2023• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

In a vapor cell, [Formula: see text] is the average velocity of the moving atoms. When [Formula: see text], the in-homogeneous broadening of the atomic spectral lines is important when taking into account thermal Doppler broadening. We also discover that the narrowing mechanism for inter-atomic with different components has more influence on the Doppler line-shape. Thus, the spectral line broadening of two-level and three-level multi-mer [Formula: see text] atom is not only influenced by the in-homogeneous Doppler broadening, but also affected by the Dicke narrowing effect. The fluorescence spectrum affords a good possibility for a detailed study of Dicke narrowing effect and thermal Doppler broadening effect. We analyze the influence of multi-mer [Formula: see text] atomic system component on resonance fluorescence spectrum (RFS). Based on the quantum regression theorem, we develop a method and derive a general analytical expression for the two-dimensional (2D) fluorescence correlation spectrum of three-level [Formula: see text] atomic system.

DOI
10.1142/s0217984924500167

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In a vapor cell, [Formula: see text] is the average velocity of the moving atoms. When [Formula: see text], the in-homogeneous broadening of the atomic spectral lines is important when taking into account thermal Doppler broadening. We also discover that the narrowing mechanism for inter-atomic with different components has more influence on the Doppler line-shape. Thus, the spectral line broadening of two-level and three-level multi-mer [Formula: see text] atom is not only influenced by the in-homogeneous Doppler broadening, but also affected by the Dicke narrowing effect. The fluorescence spectrum affords a good possibility for a detailed study of Dicke narrowing effect and thermal Doppler broadening effect. We analyze the influence of multi-mer [Formula: see text] atomic system component on resonance fluorescence spectrum (RFS). Based on the quantum regression theorem, we develop a method and derive a general analytical expression for the two-dimensional (2D) fluorescence correlation spectrum of three-level [Formula: see text] atomic system.
The effect of collisions on the resonance fluorescence spectrum of three-level atoms with a V-configuration of levels when excited by two monochromatic resonance fields has been theoretically investigated. The analysis has been carried out for the systems with a small Doppler broadening compared to the collision frequency (high buffer gas pressures) and for the general case of an arbitrary change (from complete failure to complete preservation) of the phase memory at any of the three transitions in the V-system. It has been shown that in the three-level V-type atoms excited by two monochromatic fields, the resonant fluorescence spectrum (the number of spectral lines and their widths) at one of the transitions strongly depends on the presence of resonant radiation at the adjacent transition. Under certain conditions, the line widths will be completely determined by the relaxation characteristics of the adjacent transition and, in particular, can be repeatedly narrowed with an increase in the radiation intensity at the adjacent transition. It has been shown that despite the homogeneous nature of the broadening of the absorption lines, the resonance fluorescence spectrum has a pronounced anisotropy with respect to the mutual orientation of the wave vectors of spontaneous and exciting radiation. It has been established that the line widths in the resonance fluorescence spectrum are proportional to the diffusion coefficient of the atoms interacting with radiation under certain conditions. This fact can serve as the basis for a spectroscopic method for measuring the transport frequencies of the collisions of the radiation-absorbing particles with the buffer ones. It has been shown that the effects of phase memory in the collisions lead to a strong qualitative and quantitative modification of the resonance fluorescence spectrum.
The effect of collisions on the resonance fluorescence spectrum of two-level atoms excited by monochromatic resonance radiation is studied. Analysis is performed for systems where the Doppler broadening is small compared to the collision frequency (high buffer gas pressures) and for the general case where collisions arbitrarily change the phase of the radiation-induced dipole moment (from completely interrupted to completely unaffected phase of the dipole moment). Both at a relatively low and at a high excitation radiation intensity, the resonance fluorescence spectrum is shown to depend on whether the two-level system is closed or open. This is especially true for the narrow unshifted Rayleigh scattering line. It is shown that, although the absorption line is homogeneously broadened, the resonance fluorescence spectrum exhibits a clearly pronounced anisotropy. In a direction close to the direction of propagation of the excitation radiation, the Rayleigh scattering line is maximally narrowed. Under certain conditions (that can easily be created in experiments), the width of this line is proportional to the diffusion coefficient of atoms interacting with the radiation.
The features of resonance fluorescence and absorption of resonance laser radiation in atomic vapors in a superthin cell with thickness L of the order of a wavelength lambda are investigated theoretically. Taking into account the Fabry-Perot interference effect, it is found that the dependence of the fluorescence and absorption spectra on the ratio L/lambda is substantially different. Coherent spectral narrowing - the Dicke effect - when L=(2n+1)lambda/2 and broadening of the spectral line when L = n lambda (n is a whole number) are observed in the absorption spectra. This effect is absent in the spector of resonance fluorescence in extended media. It is also shown that the processes of saturation and optical pumping significantly alter the spectral line shape as the laser intensity increases; in particular, additional sub-Doppler dips appear at the frequency of the atomic transitions. Calculated curves are given for the D2 lines of ^85Rb atoms. © 2004 Optical Society of America
We describe the resonance fluorescence spectrum of an atomic three-level system where two of the states are coupled by a single monochromatic laser field. The influence of the third energy level, which interacts with the two laser-coupled states only via radiative decays, is studied in detail. For a suitable choice of parameters, this system gives rise to a very narrow structure at the laser frequency in the fluorescence spectrum which is not present in the spectrum of a two-level atom. We find those parameter ranges by a numerical analysis and use the results to derive analytical expressions for the additional narrow peak. We also derive an exact expression for the peak intensity under the assumption that a random telegraph model is applicable to the system. This model and a simple spring model are then used to describe the physical origins of the additional peak. Using these results, we explain the connection between our system, a three-level system in the V configuration where both transitions are laser driven, and a related experiment that was recently reported.
Calculations are presented for the degrees of first- and second-order coherence and the spectral distribution of the light emitted in resonance fluorescence by a two-level atom driven by monochromatic incident light. The theory includes the effects of both homogeneous and inhomogeneous broadening, but is restricted to ranges of the parameters for which analytic solutions can be obtained. There is a further restriction to forward scattering in the case where the inhomogeneous broadening is caused by the Doppler effect. The results show marked differences between the effects of the homogeneous and inhomogeneous broadening mechanisms.
The resonance fluorescence spectra of a degenerate three-level atom of the V -type in the field of an intense monochromatic wave with an arbitrary polarization composition are investigated. Analytical expressions are derived for the resonance fluorescence spectra, and the angular distribution of spontaneous fluorescence of atoms is analyzed for the D -line emitted by vapors of alkali atoms. It is shown that the number of lines in the spectrum may decrease in the case of the linear polarization of spontaneous radiation. The radiation relaxation operator is obtained for the D -line of alkali metals in the case when an atom is near the metal surface. Interference effects for such systems are analyzed.