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Journal of Experimental and Theoretical Physics

The influence of quantum interference effects on the resonance fluorescence spectra of a degenerate three-level atom

A. A. Panteleev, Vl. K. Roerieh

Published Feb 1, 2001• 2 citations
Publisher

Abstract

The resonance fluorescence spectra of a degenerate three-level atom of the V -type in the field of an intense monochromatic wave with an arbitrary polarization composition are investigated. Analytical expressions are derived for the resonance fluorescence spectra, and the angular distribution of spontaneous fluorescence of atoms is analyzed for the D -line emitted by vapors of alkali atoms. It is shown that the number of lines in the spectrum may decrease in the case of the linear polarization of spontaneous radiation. The radiation relaxation operator is obtained for the D -line of alkali metals in the case when an atom is near the metal surface. Interference effects for such systems are analyzed.

DOI
10.1134/1.1354678

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The resonance fluorescence spectra of a degenerate three-level atom of the V -type in the field of an intense monochromatic wave with an arbitrary polarization composition are investigated. Analytical expressions are derived for the resonance fluorescence spectra, and the angular distribution of spontaneous fluorescence of atoms is analyzed for the D -line emitted by vapors of alkali atoms. It is shown that the number of lines in the spectrum may decrease in the case of the linear polarization of spontaneous radiation. The radiation relaxation operator is obtained for the D -line of alkali metals in the case when an atom is near the metal surface. Interference effects for such systems are analyzed.
The resonance fluorescence of a degenerate V -type three-level atom in the field of an intense monochromatic wave with arbitrary polarization composition is investigated. The equations of motion, the general form of the radiation relaxation operator, and the analytical expressions for the angular distribution of the intensity of the spontaneous radiation from atoms, and the total intensity of the resonance fluorescence for such systems are obtained. The angular distribution of the spontaneous radiation from atoms for the D line of alkali-metal vapors is investigated. It is predicted theoretically that the intensity of the resonance fluorescence will decrease as the intensity of the pump wave increases in observations in a direction of the electric field vector of the laser wave.
An investigation is made of the influence of quantum interference processes accompanying radiative relaxation of excited states on the population dynamics, total intensity, and spectra of the resonance fluorescence of three-level V -type atoms. Analytic expressions are obtained for the total intensity and spectra of the resonance fluorescence taking into account the off-diagonal nature of the radiative relaxation operator. It is shown that quantum interference process can substantially alter the total spontaneous emission intensity of the atoms and the population dynamics of the atomic levels, as well as the resonance fluorescence spectra.
We study the effect of quantum interference on the structure and properties of spontaneous and stimulated transitions in a degenerate V-type three-level atom with an arbitrary total momentum of each state. Explicit expressions for the factors in the terms of the relaxation operator and stimulated transition operator with account of quantum interference effects are obtained. It has been demonstrated that the condition for the dipole transition moments to be parallel is insufficient and for conventional atoms the interference cross terms are zeros for both operators. The conditions when quantum interference influences the properties of the relaxation operators have been analysed. For the stimulated transitions this condition is shown to be anisotropy of the photon field interacting with the atoms. This case is minutely studied for the D-line of alkali metals.
The effect of collisions on the resonance fluorescence spectrum of three-level atoms with a V-configuration of levels when excited by two monochromatic resonance fields has been theoretically investigated. The analysis has been carried out for the systems with a small Doppler broadening compared to the collision frequency (high buffer gas pressures) and for the general case of an arbitrary change (from complete failure to complete preservation) of the phase memory at any of the three transitions in the V-system. It has been shown that in the three-level V-type atoms excited by two monochromatic fields, the resonant fluorescence spectrum (the number of spectral lines and their widths) at one of the transitions strongly depends on the presence of resonant radiation at the adjacent transition. Under certain conditions, the line widths will be completely determined by the relaxation characteristics of the adjacent transition and, in particular, can be repeatedly narrowed with an increase in the radiation intensity at the adjacent transition. It has been shown that despite the homogeneous nature of the broadening of the absorption lines, the resonance fluorescence spectrum has a pronounced anisotropy with respect to the mutual orientation of the wave vectors of spontaneous and exciting radiation. It has been established that the line widths in the resonance fluorescence spectrum are proportional to the diffusion coefficient of the atoms interacting with radiation under certain conditions. This fact can serve as the basis for a spectroscopic method for measuring the transport frequencies of the collisions of the radiation-absorbing particles with the buffer ones. It has been shown that the effects of phase memory in the collisions lead to a strong qualitative and quantitative modification of the resonance fluorescence spectrum.
A theory describing the absorption and emission spectra of an atomic transition in the field of an intense monochromatic wave with arbitrary polarization composition is developed. The theory includes a quantum description of forward-directed four-wave interaction processes. Expressions are obtained for describing the absorption and emission spectra in transitions adjacent to the working transition. The description developed includes the perturbation of the atomic subsystem by a constant magnetic field. The spectral characteristics, polarization composition, and angular distribution of the resonance fluorescence are investigated. The nonlinear Faraday effect and the properties of resonance fluorescence are investigated for the transition J =1→ J =0.
Optical properties of an atom in the vicinity of a metal or dielectric are different from those in free space. The spontaneous decay of an atom with two degenerate levels is studied, where the relaxation operator is obtained as a function of the atom-surface separation and the complex bulk dielectric of an excited state \ensuremath{\Vert}je{j}_{e}je​me{m}_{e}me​〉 appears to depend on the magnetic is derived, and from the rotational symmetry with respect to the surface normal it is found . A general expression for the fluorescent radiation field in the far zone is then derived, which incorporates the polarization properties of the fluorescence, as they are modified by the presence of the dielectric. It is shown that the angular distribution of the emitted intensity depends strongly on \ensuremath{\epsilon}(\ensuremath{\omega}), and it is pointed out how information about the substrate, e.g., \ensuremath{\epsilon}(\ensuremath{\omega}), can be extracted from the temporal statistical behavior of the emitted photons. It is emphasized that the major surface effects are purely geometrical, despite the essential quantum nature of the problem.