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Journal of Experimental and Theoretical Physics

Quantum theory of the resonance interaction of an intense monochromatic electromagnetic wave with arbitrary polarization composition

A. A. Panteleev

Published Feb 1, 1997• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

A theory describing the absorption and emission spectra of an atomic transition in the field of an intense monochromatic wave with arbitrary polarization composition is developed. The theory includes a quantum description of forward-directed four-wave interaction processes. Expressions are obtained for describing the absorption and emission spectra in transitions adjacent to the working transition. The description developed includes the perturbation of the atomic subsystem by a constant magnetic field. The spectral characteristics, polarization composition, and angular distribution of the resonance fluorescence are investigated. The nonlinear Faraday effect and the properties of resonance fluorescence are investigated for the transition J =1→ J =0.

DOI
10.1134/1.558111

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A theory describing the absorption and emission spectra of an atomic transition in the field of an intense monochromatic wave with arbitrary polarization composition is developed. The theory includes a quantum description of forward-directed four-wave interaction processes. Expressions are obtained for describing the absorption and emission spectra in transitions adjacent to the working transition. The description developed includes the perturbation of the atomic subsystem by a constant magnetic field. The spectral characteristics, polarization composition, and angular distribution of the resonance fluorescence are investigated. The nonlinear Faraday effect and the properties of resonance fluorescence are investigated for the transition J =1→ J =0.
Abstract The physical processes that form the saturated absorption resonance spectra on the atomic transition with level momenta J= 1/2 in the field of unidirectional waves of arbitrary intensities are investigated both analytically and numerically. It is shown that the narrow structures of the nonlinear resonance spectra (resonances of electromagnetic-induced transparency and absorption) and the processes forming them are determined by the direction of the light wave polarizations, degree of openness of the atomic transition, and the saturating wave intensity. The conditions under which the nonlinear resonance is exclusively coherent, due to the magnetic coherence of transition levels, are revealed.
The resonance fluorescence spectra of a degenerate three-level atom of the V -type in the field of an intense monochromatic wave with an arbitrary polarization composition are investigated. Analytical expressions are derived for the resonance fluorescence spectra, and the angular distribution of spontaneous fluorescence of atoms is analyzed for the D -line emitted by vapors of alkali atoms. It is shown that the number of lines in the spectrum may decrease in the case of the linear polarization of spontaneous radiation. The radiation relaxation operator is obtained for the D -line of alkali metals in the case when an atom is near the metal surface. Interference effects for such systems are analyzed.
Physical processes that form the spectra of saturated absorption and magnetic scanning resonances on an atomic transition with level momentum J = 1 in the field of unidirectional waves of arbitrary intensity under variation in their polarization directions are investigated by numerical simulation and analytically. It is shown that anomalies in nonlinear resonance spectra are determined by the polarization of the waves and the degree of openness of the atomic transition, while anomalies in the experimentally observed magnetic scanning spectra are attributed to the magnetic coherence induced by the fields directly on the levels of the lower state, rather than to its transfer from the excited states, as was assumed earlier.
Some typical resonance nonlinear-optics phenomena taking place when light interacts with atoms are considered. The multitude of such phenomena reduces to scattering of the perturbing light, perturbation of the atomic spectrum, excitation of an atom and its ionization. In all these cases the investigations are carried out using the simplest model—an isolated atom in a monochromatic external field. Such a model enables one to give an exact description of many elementary processes. On the other hand it is sufficiently realistic. A detailed investigation is carried out of resonance fluorescence, spontaneous Raman scattering, multiphoton excitation of atoms, resonance shifts and splitting of atomic levels and resonance lonication of atoms. The nature of these processes is investigated as a function of the intensity of the external field, its frequency, a specific atomic spectrum, the nature of polarization of the perturbing field, and the degree of its nonlinearity. The role played by the field of the electromagnetic vacuum is analyzed. Theoretical predictions are compared with the results of many experiments describing resonance processes of the interaction of an intense light field with atoms.
A theory is developed for the interaction of electromagnetic waves and quantum systems subjected to a magnetic field of arbitrary direction in the two-mode (four-frequency) regime. Two versions of the theory are given: 1) for investigations of spectroscopic effects; 2) for studies of the physical processes in ring lasers having anisotropic resonators. Nonlinear differential equations are derived for the slowly varying amplitudes and phase differences of the modes. These can be used to study the amplitude and frequency characteristics of waves having arbitrary polarization vectors.
The resonance fluorescence of a degenerate V -type three-level atom in the field of an intense monochromatic wave with arbitrary polarization composition is investigated. The equations of motion, the general form of the radiation relaxation operator, and the analytical expressions for the angular distribution of the intensity of the spontaneous radiation from atoms, and the total intensity of the resonance fluorescence for such systems are obtained. The angular distribution of the spontaneous radiation from atoms for the D line of alkali-metal vapors is investigated. It is predicted theoretically that the intensity of the resonance fluorescence will decrease as the intensity of the pump wave increases in observations in a direction of the electric field vector of the laser wave.