Abstract This paper proposes a Physical Layer Network Coding (PLNC) scheme based on two channels pre-balanced by studying the PLNC technology and the security problem of the Network Coding (NC) system to solve the security problem of PLNC in Wireless Communication (WC). This security scheme focuses not only on the key generation process but also on the use of generated keys for encryption and decryption during the transmission of useful information by the NC system. In addition, for the security risks of the traditional Private Random Precoding (PRP) Key Exchange Algorithm (KEA), this paper proposes an improved PRP. The security and confidentiality of the KEA are strengthened. The method is applied to multi-user scenarios to verify. The results show that the security scheme based on channel time domain key generation encryption can ensure the security of the PLNC system and effectively prevent the eavesdropping attacks of illegal users. Compared with other algorithms, the improved PRP KEA significantly reduces the key error rate of generating a 64-bit key under the same conditions compared to the key when generating a 16-bit key, reaching less than 10-3. In scenarios with high correlation coefficients, the improved algorithm leaks less information than other algorithms and has higher security performance. Therefore, the improved KEA performs well for the physical layer network security problem in WC.
Abstract This paper proposes a Physical Layer Network Coding (PLNC) scheme based on two channels pre-balanced by studying the PLNC technology and the security problem of the Network Coding (NC) system to solve the security problem of PLNC in Wireless Communication (WC). This security scheme focuses not only on the key generation process but also on the use of generated keys for encryption and decryption during the transmission of useful information by the NC system. In addition, for the security risks of the traditional Private Random Precoding (PRP) Key Exchange Algorithm (KEA), this paper proposes an improved PRP. The security and confidentiality of the KEA are strengthened. The method is applied to multi-user scenarios to verify. The results show that the security scheme based on channel time domain key generation encryption can ensure the security of the PLNC system and effectively prevent the eavesdropping attacks of illegal users. Compared with other algorithms, the improved PRP KEA significantly reduces the key error rate of generating a 64-bit key under the same conditions compared to the key when generating a 16-bit key, reaching less than 10-3. In scenarios with high correlation coefficients, the improved algorithm leaks less information than other algorithms and has higher security performance. Therefore, the improved KEA performs well for the physical layer network security problem in WC.
This paper introduces a novel physical layer secure communication technology based on wireless channel direct encryption to enhance the encryption strength of the information source. Unlike traditional methods of key generation based on the reciprocity of the wireless channel, which typically involve quantizing the wireless channel and then negotiating keys, resulting in two completely identical bit strings generated as encryption keys for upper-level cryptographic algorithms between legitimate communication parties, this paper's approach quantizes the quantized bits of the wireless channel characteristics of both legitimate parties and directly encrypts the information source bits by using a designed lightweight encryption/decryption algorithm. Compared to traditional approaches, this paper's method avoids the key consultation process for physical layer key distribution, expanding the scenarios for the use of physical layer keys. Moreover, it can work independently at the same time with the upper layer cryptography to enhance the encryption strength. Through experimental verification, it has been confirmed that, in cases where the channel error rate during information transmission is less than 5*10^-2, this model can achieve an average reception accuracy of 99.6% for legitimate communicators while ensuring that eavesdroppers cannot decrypt. This approach can also compatible with upper-layer security encryption/decryption algorithms at each layer of the OSI, e.g., data link layer and network layer, offering extensive application prospects.
Physical-layer key generation technology requires information reconciliation to correct channel estimation errors between two legitimate users. However, sending the reconciliation signals over the public channel increases the communication overhead and the risk of information leakage. Aiming at the problem, integrated secure communication schemes using non-reconciled keys have attracted extensive attention. These schemes exploit channel coding to correct both inconsistent keys and transmission error bits. Meanwhile, more redundant code bits must be added to correct errors, which results in a lower secure transmission rate. To address the problem, we analyze the merit of channel correlation between non-reconciled key generation and secure transmission. Inspired by this, we propose a non-reconciled physical-layer keys-assisted secure communication scheme based on channel correlation. First of all, the signal frame is designed to make use of channel correlation between non-reconciled key generation and secure transmission. Based on the channel correlation, non-reconciled keys are then generated from the wireless channel to encrypt transmitted data. Moreover, an adaptive coding algorithm based on the equivalent channel is presented to encode the data bits before encryption, to guarantee reliable transmission. Finally, theoretical analysis and simulations demonstrate the significant performance of the proposed scheme in terms of low bit error ratio and high secure transmission rate.
The demands for higher data rates and network decentralized nodes in wireless communication systems urge the need for efficient methods to preserve the security levels. Many of the existing methods to share a private secret key between the connected nodes, tend to have high computational complexity. Furthermore, most physical layer approaches assume TDD systems to use the intrinsic feature of the reciprocal channels. In this paper, we propose a new method for exchanging secret key bits using a private random precoding based in MIMO FDD systems. The principle of this method is to exploit the PMI in a manner that produces low correlation at the intruder. By uniquely relating the secret key bits to the channel precoding matrix in a private version of the universal codebook, a robust key exchange between the transmitter and the receiver is then performed.
The new power system is the national development strategy and development direction of smart grid. Communication is the basis of the development of the new power system. in the distribution automation business, communication is the weakest link. In order to make electric power communication develop more smoothly, we should improve our awareness of security issues. Because of the particularity of electric power communication, it often has very high requirements for the security of communication. In order to effectively ensure the security of electric power communication data, data encryption technology can be applied to the data transmission process, and the security of information transmission can be improved through the application of encryption and decryption keys.Physical layer key generation technology is a security technology that uses wireless channel characteristics as a random source to generate keys. This technology uses the anisotropy, time variation and spatial uniqueness of wireless channels to generate random sequences, which is different from traditional encryption methods. Physical layer key generation technology does not require the key management and distribution of a third party trusted organization. In theory, it can achieve one encryption at a time to achieve the absolute security of Shannon confidential communication[1]. This paper first briefly introduces the wireless channel physical layer key generation model and the general process of key generation scheme based on channel feature quantization, and then studies the improved optimization scheme based on traditional channel detection, preprocessing and quantization algorithm, so as to effectively improve the key generation performance.
The use of wireless networks for communication has grown significantly in recent times, and continues to develop further. The broadcast nature of wireless communications makes them susceptible to a wide variety of security attacks. Unlike traditional solutions, which usually handle security at the application layer, the primary concern of this dissertation is to analyse and develop solutions for secure communication using channel coding techniques at the physical-layer. \nThe topic of physical layer authenticated encryption using high rate key generation through shared randomness is investigated in this work. First, a physical layer secret key generation scheme is discussed exploiting channel reciprocity in wireless systems. In order to address the susceptibility of this family of schemes to active attacks, a novel physical layer authentication encryption protocol is presented along with its extension to multi-node networks in the presence of active adversaries. Unlike previous work in the area of generating secret keys through shared randomness, it is demonstrated that the proposed scheme is semantically secure with respect to chosen plaintext and chosen cipher text attacks. \nSecondly, in order to increase the rate in bits per seconds at which agreed cryptographic keys are been generated, a multi-level quantization algorithm with public feedback is discussed. It is demonstrated that the proposed scheme is superior to direct information distillation approaches and can substantially increase the key generation rates even at low and medium SNRs. Furthermore, the employment of this low-overhead feedback at the information distillation process can largely simplify the information reconciliation process. \nThe proposed secret key generation schemes are tested for randomness such as required for cryptographic keys. The validation test is perfomed with the aid of National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) statistical test suite. The P-values obtained in each of the test carried out indicates that the key sequence generated by our algorithm is random.
The Internet of Things technology is one of the important directions of Smart Grid research, involving many wireless sensors and communication facilities, and has high requirements for security. The physical layer security technology can effectively solve the security problems under wireless communication. As the most common application scenario of wireless communication is multi-node wireless network communication, group secret key (GSK) based on physical layer security and information theory security is gradually attracting investigator’s interest. In this paper, a novel physical layer GSK generation scheme based on code-domain exchange of channel information in mesh network is proposed. Instead of traditional side-information exchange in symbol-domain, error-correcting code is applied to finish information exchange and reconciliation simultaneously in code-domain. Each node processes the known channel bit sequence and then encodes it to generate a check sequence. After broadcasting the check bit sequence to other nodes, each node decodes the received check bit sequences to obtained the unknown channel information. The simulation results show that the scheme can effectively reduce the times of information exchanges while keeping a good performance including low bit error rate and low block error rate.