Challenges
Datasets
Workspaces
Papers
Discussions
Leaderboard
Log inSign up
Challenges
Datasets
Workspaces
Papers
Discussions
Leaderboard
Blog
Job Board
Q3AS

© 2026 Aqora Quantum S.A.S.

TermsPrivacyLegal Notice

Electron Dynamics Under an Effective Photon-Statistics Force

Matan Even Tzur, Michael Birk, Alexey A. Gorlach, Michael B. Kruger, Ido E. Kaminer, Oren Cohen

Published Jan 1, 2023• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

We predict and demonstrate a novel effective force exerted on matter when illuminated by light with non-classical photon-statistics. For squeezed-vacuum irradiation, the photon-statistics force stretches and squeezes matter wavefunctions, leading to emission of squeezed-vacuum harmonics.
DOI
10.1364/cleo_fs.2023.fw4m.2

Related papers

Statistics of multiphoton photoemission under coherent and non-classical illumination

Jonas Heimerl, Alexander Mikhaylov, Stefan Meier +4 more

We investigate experimentally how the photon statistics of light gets imprinted on multiphoton electron emission from needle tips. Coherent and bright squeezed vacuum light lead to entirely different electron statistics, matching with a quantum-optical analysis.

Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics•Jan 1, 2022•2 citations

Strong Field Electron Emission Driven by a Bright Squeezed Vacuum

Andrei Rasputnyi, Jonas Heimerl, Jonathan Pölloth +4 more

The extreme light-matter interaction has brought unique tools for the subfemtosecond control of electron dynamics [1] and ultra-fast spectroscopy [2]. Until recently, the strong-field regime was accessible only with coherent states of light, which can be well described by classical electric fields when many photons are present (Fig. 1a). With the use of intense states of non-classical light, this situation has changed. New opportunities emerge with bright squeezed vacuum (BSV), which can be generated from optical parametric amplification of quantum vacuum fluctuations. Unlike classical light, BSV is a quantum superposition of coherent states with an amplitudes spanning a range from zero to very high values, up to ~1 TW/cm2[3]. BSV has a zero mean electric field and the variance of the electric field oscillates at the double carrier frequency (Fig. 1a). How such a non-classical electric field can affect the dynamics of photoemitted electrons was theoretically demonstrated recently [4]. Furthermore, the photon-number distribution of BSV has a very long tail in contrast to coherent light. These photon-number distributions can be imprinted onto the photon statistics of optical harmonics [3] and the statistics of electrons [5].

Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics Europe & European Quantum Electronics Conference (CLEO/Europe-EQEC)•Jun 23, 2025•0 citations

Generation of squeezed high-order harmonics

Matan Even Tzur, Michael Birk, Alexey A. Gorlach +3 more

For decades, most research of high harmonic generation (HHG) considered matter as quantum but light as classical. Recently, HHG driven by quantum states of light such as bright squeezed vacuum was predicted to reach beyond the classical HHG cutoff. Moreover, in squeezed coherent illumination, it was shown that the underlying dynamics are significantly modified by the photon statistics effective force. Here we show that HHG driven by quantum light results in quantum high harmonics. We derive a formula for the quantum state of the high harmonics, when driven by arbitrary quantum light states, and then explore specific cases of experimental relevance. Specifically, for a moderately squeezed pump, HHG driven by squeezed coherent light results in squeezed high harmonics. Harmonic squeezing is optimized by syncing ionization times with the pump's squeezing phase. Beyond this regime, as pump squeezing is increased, the harmonics initially acquire squeezed thermal photon statistics, and then occupy an intricate quantum state which strongly depends on the semiclassical nonlinear response function of the interacting system. Our results pave the way for generation of squeezed extreme-ultraviolet ultrashort pulses, and more generally, quantum frequency conversion into previously inaccessible spectral ranges, which may enable ultrasensitive attosecond metrology. Published by the American Physical Society 2024

arXiv:2311.11257•Physical Review Research•Jul 17, 2024•43 citations

High Harmonic Generation by Bright Squeezed Vacuum

Andrei Rasputnyi, Michael Birk, Zhaopin Chen +5 more

We present the first observation of non-perturbative high-harmonic generation driven by nonclassical light, namely bright squeezed vacuum. Compared to classical light, bright squeezed vacuum leads to higher efficiency, different power scaling, and unique photon-number distributions.

•Jan 1, 2024•0 citations

Quantum fluctuations of the optical forces on atoms in a squeezed vacuum

Yaakov Shevy, B. Crosignani, Avigail Yariv

Squeezing the vacuum fluctuations of the electromagnetic field modifies the quantum fluctuations of the optical forces exerted on laser-cooled two-level atoms. Under certain conditions, this modification when combined with the enhanced average forces can lead to equilibrium temperatures below those attained under normal-vacuum fluctuations.

Physical Review A•Aug 1, 1992•8 citations

Sub-Poissonian photon statistics of an intensely-driven harmonic oscillator in a squeezed vacuum

Mohamed M. Hassan, O. M. Frege, Shoukry S. Hassan

Journal of Russian Laser Research•Sep 1, 2024•0 citations
The extreme light-matter interaction has brought unique tools for the subfemtosecond control of electron dynamics [1] and ultra-fast spectroscopy [2]. Until recently, the strong-field regime was accessible only with coherent states of light, which can be well described by classical electric fields when many photons are present (Fig. 1a). With the use of intense states of non-classical light, this situation has changed. New opportunities emerge with bright squeezed vacuum (BSV), which can be generated from optical parametric amplification of quantum vacuum fluctuations. Unlike classical light, BSV is a quantum superposition of coherent states with an amplitudes spanning a range from zero to very high values, up to ~1 TW/cm2[3]. BSV has a zero mean electric field and the variance of the electric field oscillates at the double carrier frequency (Fig. 1a). How such a non-classical electric field can affect the dynamics of photoemitted electrons was theoretically demonstrated recently [4]. Furthermore, the photon-number distribution of BSV has a very long tail in contrast to coherent light. These photon-number distributions can be imprinted onto the photon statistics of optical harmonics [3] and the statistics of electrons [5].
For decades, most research of high harmonic generation (HHG) considered matter as quantum but light as classical. Recently, HHG driven by quantum states of light such as bright squeezed vacuum was predicted to reach beyond the classical HHG cutoff. Moreover, in squeezed coherent illumination, it was shown that the underlying dynamics are significantly modified by the photon statistics effective force. Here we show that HHG driven by quantum light results in quantum high harmonics. We derive a formula for the quantum state of the high harmonics, when driven by arbitrary quantum light states, and then explore specific cases of experimental relevance. Specifically, for a moderately squeezed pump, HHG driven by squeezed coherent light results in squeezed high harmonics. Harmonic squeezing is optimized by syncing ionization times with the pump's squeezing phase. Beyond this regime, as pump squeezing is increased, the harmonics initially acquire squeezed thermal photon statistics, and then occupy an intricate quantum state which strongly depends on the semiclassical nonlinear response function of the interacting system. Our results pave the way for generation of squeezed extreme-ultraviolet ultrashort pulses, and more generally, quantum frequency conversion into previously inaccessible spectral ranges, which may enable ultrasensitive attosecond metrology. Published by the American Physical Society 2024