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Resonance-Enhanced Entangled Photon Pair Generation Using Topological Floquet Defect Mode Resonance

Shirin Afzal, Tyler J. Zimmerling, Vien Van, Shabir Barzanjeh

Published Jan 1, 2023• 1 citation
Publisher

Abstract

We demonstrate a 300-times enhancement in the second-order cross correlation of entangled photon pairs generated by spontaneous four-wave mixing on a robust silicon topological photonics platform using compact, high-Q Floquet defect mode resonance.
DOI
10.1364/cleo_fs.2023.ff1l.3

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Current integrated implementations of entangled photonic sources are limited by fabrication imperfections and defects that introduce scattering and loss, degrading entanglement quality. Topological photonic insulators have recently emerged as a promising platform for robust photon transport due to their resilience against defect-induced scattering, enabling disorder-tolerant entangled photon generation. However, realizing bright entangled sources in topological systems remains challenging because of weak material optical nonlinearities. Here, we demonstrate entangled photon-pair generation in a nonmagnetic and wavelength-tunable anomalous Floquet topological insulator using spontaneous four-wave mixing. Time-energy entanglement is verified through photon coincidence measurements.
Abstract Entanglement, a fundamental concept in quantum mechanics, plays a crucial role as a valuable resource in quantum technologies. The practical implementation of entangled photon sources encounters obstacles arising from imperfections and defects inherent in physical systems and microchips, resulting in a loss or degradation of entanglement. The topological photonic insulators, however, have emerged as promising candidates, demonstrating an exceptional capability to resist defect-induced scattering, thus enabling the development of robust entangled sources. Despite their inherent advantages, building bright and programmable topologically protected entangled sources remains challenging due to intricate device designs and weak material nonlinearity. Here we present an advancement in entanglement generation achieved through a non-magnetic and tunable resonance-based anomalous Floquet insulator, utilizing an optical spontaneous four-wave mixing process. Our experiment demonstrates a substantial enhancement in entangled photon pair generation compared to devices reliant solely on topological edge states and outperforming trivial photonic devices in spectral resilience. This work marks a step forward in the pursuit of defect-robust and bright entangled sources that can open avenues for the exploration of cascaded quantum devices and the engineering of quantum states. Our result could lead to the development of resilient quantum sources with potential applications in quantum technologies.
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