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Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics Europe & European Quantum Electronics Conference (CLEO/Europe-EQEC)

Generation of Photon Pairs in Waveguide Arrays Supporting Topologically Protected Guided Modes

Nicola Bergamasco, Marco Liscidini

Published Jun 1, 2019• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

The efficient generation of non-classical light at the micro- and nanoscale is central to the development of quantum technologies. Integrated photonic structures offer new opportunities for increasing the generation efficiency and control of the quantum state of non-classical light. Recently, photonic structures based on topology conservation have been proposed as platforms to overcome issues associated with disorder and fabrication imperfections. For instance, it has been suggested that topological edge states can be exploited for the generation of photon pairs having robust spectral correlations [1]. More recently, the effect of topology on path correlations of photon pairs generated by spontaneous four-wave mixing (SFWM) in waveguide arrays has also been investigated [2].

DOI
10.1109/cleoe-eqec.2019.8873088

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The efficient generation of non-classical light at the micro- and nanoscale is central to the development of quantum technologies. Integrated photonic structures offer new opportunities for increasing the generation efficiency and control of the quantum state of non-classical light. Recently, photonic structures based on topology conservation have been proposed as platforms to overcome issues associated with disorder and fabrication imperfections. For instance, it has been suggested that topological edge states can be exploited for the generation of photon pairs having robust spectral correlations [1]. More recently, the effect of topology on path correlations of photon pairs generated by spontaneous four-wave mixing (SFWM) in waveguide arrays has also been investigated [2].
Recent works indicate that the propagation of quantum states can be protected by exploiting topology in silicon integrated waveguide arrays. More recently, it has been suggested that topologically protected guided modes may also play an important role in the generation of photon pairs via spontaneous four-wave mixing SFWM, for path correlations of the generated photons in these systems seem to be robust with respect to fabrication imperfections. In this work we investigate the effects of disorder on SFWM efficiency and quantum correlations in topologically protected guided modes in waveguide arrays.
Integrated micro- and nano-structures allows for the efficient generation of photon pairs via parametric fluorescence, thanks to the enhancement of the light-matter interaction associated with light confinement in small volumes. For instance, the efficiency of spontaneous four wave mixing in a silicon micro ring resonator can range up to 10 orders of magnitude larger than in bulk silicon. Yet the advantages of using integrated devices go well beyond the sole efficiency improvement, for micro structures grant an unprecedented control over the properties of generated non-classical light. For instance, in a single photonic integrated circuit, one can exploit the interferences of many optical elements to construct complex multipartite states in a compact, stable, and scalable system. In this talk I will focus on the generation of photon pairs and show how their spectral properties can be engineered in an integrated device for use as building blocks in the construction of a whole variety of states, from heralded single-photons to multipartite states.
We present a theoretical study on the generation of photon pairs via spontaneous four-wave mixing in a waveguide array supporting topologically protected guided modes. Following a statistical approach, we introduce incremental levels of disorder in the waveguide positions and analyze the effects in terms of photon path correlations and generation efficiency. For moderate level of disorder, we show that the generated two-photon state as well as the generation rate is preserved. However, we find that for higher level of disorder quantum correlations are significantly affected, despite the fact that the linear properties of the topological mode are still protected.