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Laser Physics Letters

Bidirectional hierarchical quantum teleportation based on an eight-qubit entangled state

Benchao Yang

Published Jul 12, 2023• 13 citations
Publisher

Abstract

Abstract This article proposes an asymmetric bidirectional hierarchical quantum teleportation protocol, which is based on a quantum channel composed of a maximum of eight-qubit entangled state. With this method, Alice can transmit an unknown single-qubit state to Bob, meanwhile, Bob can transmit an arbitrary unknown two-qubit quantum state to Alice. As a sender with high authority, Bob can send any unknown two-qubit quantum state to Alice only under the sole control of the controller Charlie; Alice, as a sender with low-level permissions, if Bob intends to receive the unknown single-qubit quantum state sent by Alice, he must get the permission and assistance of Charlie and David to complete the communication.

DOI
10.1088/1612-202x/ace3be

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Abstract This article proposes an asymmetric bidirectional hierarchical quantum teleportation protocol, which is based on a quantum channel composed of a maximum of eight-qubit entangled state. With this method, Alice can transmit an unknown single-qubit state to Bob, meanwhile, Bob can transmit an arbitrary unknown two-qubit quantum state to Alice. As a sender with high authority, Bob can send any unknown two-qubit quantum state to Alice only under the sole control of the controller Charlie; Alice, as a sender with low-level permissions, if Bob intends to receive the unknown single-qubit quantum state sent by Alice, he must get the permission and assistance of Charlie and David to complete the communication.
Abstract This paper presents a hierarchical controlled asymmetric bidirectional hybrid quantum communication protocol applicable to hierarchical quantum information transmission tasks across diverse scenarios. The scheme incorporates two communication tasks: (1) With the assistance of controller Charlie, Alice can perform the lower-priority task of transmit arbitrary single-qubit state to Bob via quantum teleportation; (2) As a higher-priority task, Bob needs to remotely preparing arbitrary two-qubit states for Alice. This process requires not only authorization from controller Charlie but also collaborative support from another controller David. Theoretical analysis demonstrates that the protocol achieves a 100% success rate under ideal conditions. To address noise interference in practical communication, the impacts of different noise models on protocol performance are systematically investigated, followed by an efficiency comparison with existing similar schemes. Results indicate that this protocol significantly outperforms current hierarchical quantum communication solutions in terms of task generality and flexibility. By assigning differentiated control levels to different tasks, the protocol provides users with enhanced configurability to meet specific requirements, particularly in complex scenarios requiring integrated multi-level authorization control and hybrid quantum communication.
Abstract Using an eight-qubit entangled state as the quantum channel, we propose a novel bidirectional controlled quantum teleportation scheme involving three participants: a controller, Charlie, and two communicators, Alice and Bob. Alice can teleport an arbitrary two-qubit target entangled state to Bob, while Bob simultaneously teleports another two-qubit entangled target state back to Alice conditional on Charlie’s authorization and assistance. Compared with some existing schemes, the proposed scheme achieves higher intrinsic efficiency with lower operation complexity. Moreover, this scheme is practically feasible with currently available quantum technologies.
In this paper, we theoretically realize bidirectional controlled quantum teleportation by using ten-qubit entangled state method. This paper uses a case to introduce the specific process of realizing quantum teleportation: Alice sends an unknown four-qubit GHZ state to Bob, and Bob sends an arbitrary three-qubit GHZ state to Alice. In addition, Charlie controls the transfer to ensure the integrity of the protocol. A ten-qubit quantum channel is constructed and used in this paper. Then, the unitary matrix transformation is used to complete the communication protocol. The research results show that the communication protocol constructed in this paper is more efficient than most communication protocols.
Abstract This paper puts forward a novel hierarchical controlled asymmetric bidirectional hybrid quantum communication scheme that can be applied to hierarchical quantum information transmission tasks in various application scenarios. In this scheme, with only Charlie’s assistance, Alice can accomplish the less crucial task of remotely preparing any single-qubit state for Bob. Simultaneously, Bob aims to transmit any two-qubit states to Alice via quantum teleportation. As a more vital communication task, apart from obtaining the consent of the control agent Charlie, Bob also requires the help of another control agent, David. Only with the combined control and support of Charlie and David can this task be successfully completed by Bob. In an ideal environment, the success rate of this protocol is 1. Given that noise is inevitable in practical communication, this paper further investigates the impact of different noises on this communication scheme and analyzes and compares its efficiency with other existing similar schemes. The proposed protocol outperforms existing hierarchical quantum communication solutions in terms of task generality and flexibility. By assigning different levels of controllers to different tasks, it provides users with greater flexibility to meet their specific needs, especially in scenarios requiring both multi-level authorization control and hybrid quantum communication.
Since the first protocol of quantum teleportation based on an EPR pair was presented by Bennett et al. in 1993, it has become a hot topic in quantum communication. It is known that entanglement plays a key role in quantum teleportation. Various schemes of controlled quantum teleportation and bidirectional controlled quantum teleportation have been developed by using all kinds of multi-parties entangled states as a quantum channel, e.g. GHZ states, W states, 5-qubit cluster states, 6-qubit cluster states, 7-qubit cluster states, maximally entangled 5-qubit states, maximally entangled 6-qubit states, genuine entangled 6-qubit states, genuine entangled 7-qubit states, genuine entangled 8-qubit states. In this paper, a genuine entangled 9-qubit state is used as channel of quantum teleportation, and two schemes of bidirectional controlled quantum teleportation are proposed. One scheme is that with the control of Charlie Alice can transmit an arbitrary unknown qubit state to Bob and Bob can transmit an arbitrary unknown 3-qubit state to Alice in the same time. Another scheme is that with the control of Charlie Alice and Bob can transmit an arbitrary unknown 2-qubit to each other simultaneously. Compared with the existed schemes, our scheme can transmit more qubits of arbitrary state in total by an entangled state, and the intrinsic efficiency of our scheme is maybe the best. Moreover, the genuine entangled 9-qubit state used in our scheme can be produced through some simple quantum unitary gates.
A bidirectional quantum controlled teleportation scheme using the entanglement property of six-qubit maximally entangled state was presented.In the theoretical scheme,the sixqubit maximally entangled state was employed as the quantum channel linking three legitimate participants.Users were both sender and receiver.Alice transmitted an arbitrary single qubit state of qubit ato Bob and Bob transmitted an arbitrary single qubit state of qubit bto Alice via the control of the supervisor Charlie.Users carried out the Bell state measurements on their own particles and publicly announced their measurement results via a classical channel.Then they operated proper unitary transformation on their own particles,respectively.The bidirectional quantum controlled teleportation was successfully realized.