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Laser Physics

One-step generation of Bell state on nonlocal acoustics wave resonators assisted by nitrogen-vacancy center ensembles

Yue Wang, Ming Hua

Published Apr 27, 2023• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

Abstract Recently, quantum information processing (QIP) on acoustics wave resonators (AWRs) has attracted much attention as the quality factor of AWR has been increased to 10 11 , which means the time of phonons stored in the AWR can reach the order of seconds. To achieve the large-scale QIP on AWRs, one should complete quantum entangled operations on nonlocal AWRs. Different from previous work, we propose a one-step all-resonance scheme to generate Bell states on two nonlocal AWRs coupled to two nitrogen-vacancy center ensembles (linked by an AWR quantum bus) respectively. One-step all-resonance operation makes the scheme easier to be experimentally implemented.

DOI
10.1088/1555-6611/acce29

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Abstract Recently, quantum information processing (QIP) on acoustics wave resonators (AWRs) has attracted much attention as the quality factor of AWR has been increased to 10 11 , which means the time of phonons stored in the AWR can reach the order of seconds. To achieve the large-scale QIP on AWRs, one should complete quantum entangled operations on nonlocal AWRs. Different from previous work, we propose a one-step all-resonance scheme to generate Bell states on two nonlocal AWRs coupled to two nitrogen-vacancy center ensembles (linked by an AWR quantum bus) respectively. One-step all-resonance operation makes the scheme easier to be experimentally implemented.
Abstract Since the quality factor of an acoustic wave resonator (AWR) reached 1011, AWRs have been regarded as a good carrier of quantum information. In this paper, a scheme to construct a NOON state with two AWRs assisted by a nitrogen‐vacancy‐center ensemble (NVE) is proposed. The two AWRs cross each other vertically, and the NVE is located at the center of the crossing. By considering the decoherence of the system and using resonant interactions between the AWRs and the NVE, and the single‐qubit operation of the NVE, a NOON state can be achieved with a fidelity higher than 98.8% when the number of phonons in the AWR is .
In this paper, we propose a system that consists of two acoustic wave resonators (AWRs) coupled to a nitrogen-vacancy-center ensemble (NVE) for constructing Greenberger–Horne–Zeilinger (GHZ) states and controlled-phase (c-phase) gate according to the recent study of surface acoustic waves. The two AWRs are fabricated on a diamond surface in perpendicular way, and the NVE is placed at the center of the crossing. By using the resonant interactions and microwave pulses, we present the protocols of constructing the GHZ states and the c-phase gate in the phonon–spin system. The numerical simulation shows that the fidelities of the two-excitation Bell state, three-excitation Bell state and the c-phase gate can reach 99.19[Formula: see text], 99.46[Formula: see text] and 98.62[Formula: see text], respectively, by considering the decoherence of the system.
As a result of study on surface acoustic waves (SAWs), we propose protocols for generating the quantum entanglement on phonons. In the protocol of phonon–photon entanglement generation, the hybrid system is composed of a surface acoustic wave resonator (SAWR), a superconducting resonator (SR) and a nitrogen-vacancy-center ensemble (NVE). For the generation of three phonon modes entanglement, the SAWRs are coupled to the corresponding NVEs, while the NVEs interact with the same SR. Both protocols exploit the resonant interaction and the dispersive coupling. By considering the decoherence of the corresponding systems, the fidelities of the phonon–photon entanglement and three phonon modes entanglement reach 99.35% and 91.01%, respectively. Generalizing the approaches, we also present the protocol of multiple phonon modes entanglement.
We propose effective W-state fusion schemes for nonlocal electron-spin states and photon states by using the nitrogen-vacancy centers defect in diamond coupled to microtoroidal resonators. Using these schemes, a (m+n-1)-qubit W state can be obtained by fusing n-qubit and m-qubit W states (m, n ≥ 2), which means these schemes are applicable to create arbitrary scale W states with Bell states as the initial resource. The construction of these schemes is very compact and simple compared with the previous logical-gate-based fusion schemes. We analyze the feasibility and evaluate the optimal resource cost of the schemes, which shows that the present schemes can be realized with high fidelities and less resource cost than the previous schemes. Our schemes may be significant for the large-scale solid-state-based entanglement generation and for photon-qubit-based quantum information processing tasks.
We demonstrate efficient schemes of deterministic entanglement generation and quantum state transfer (QST) with the nitrogen-vacancy (NV) centers in diamond confined in separated microtoroidal resonators via single-photon input-output process. Assisted by the polarization of input photon pulse and the electron spin state of NV center, high fidelity NV center entangled states and photonic entangled states can be generated, respectively. The analyses of experimental feasibility show that our schemes work well with low quality resonators and weak coupling between qubits, which may be beneficial for exploring large-scale quantum information processing with diamond-based solid-state devices.
Implementation of a nonlocal multi-qubit conditional phase gate is an essential requirement in some quantum information processing (QIP) tasks. Recently, a novel solid-state cavity quantum electrodynamics (QED) system, in which the nitrogen–vacancy (NV) center in diamond is coupled to a microtoroidal resonator (MTR), has been proposed as a potential system for hybrid quantum information and computing. By virtue of such systems, we present a scheme to realize a nonlocal N -qubit conditional phase gate directly. Our scheme employs a cavity input–output process and single-photon interference, without the use of any auxiliary entanglement pair or classical communication. Considering the currently available technologies, our scheme might be quite useful among different nodes in quantum networks for large-scaled QIP.