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Optics Express

Quantum state engineering with nitrogen-vacancy centers coupled to low-Q microresonator

Liu‐Yong Cheng, Hong‐Fu Wang, Shou Zhang, Kyu-Hwang Yeon

Published Mar 4, 2013• 46 citations
Publisher

Abstract

We demonstrate efficient schemes of deterministic entanglement generation and quantum state transfer (QST) with the nitrogen-vacancy (NV) centers in diamond confined in separated microtoroidal resonators via single-photon input-output process. Assisted by the polarization of input photon pulse and the electron spin state of NV center, high fidelity NV center entangled states and photonic entangled states can be generated, respectively. The analyses of experimental feasibility show that our schemes work well with low quality resonators and weak coupling between qubits, which may be beneficial for exploring large-scale quantum information processing with diamond-based solid-state devices.

DOI
10.1364/oe.21.005988

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We demonstrate efficient schemes of deterministic entanglement generation and quantum state transfer (QST) with the nitrogen-vacancy (NV) centers in diamond confined in separated microtoroidal resonators via single-photon input-output process. Assisted by the polarization of input photon pulse and the electron spin state of NV center, high fidelity NV center entangled states and photonic entangled states can be generated, respectively. The analyses of experimental feasibility show that our schemes work well with low quality resonators and weak coupling between qubits, which may be beneficial for exploring large-scale quantum information processing with diamond-based solid-state devices.
We research the input–output process with nitrogen-vacancy (NV) centers fixed on the surface of micro-toroidal resonators (MTRs) with whispering-gallery modes (WGMs) and then present an efficient scheme for the synchronized generation of Bell and W states. In our scheme, entanglement can be prepared with the assistance of the polarized photon pulse and electron spin state of NV center. The analysis of the efficiency shows that our scheme is feasible with the current technology, which can be further used for quantum information processing.
We propose efficient schemes for universal quantum gates with the photon polarization states and electron spin states of nitrogen-vacancy (NV) centers in diamond embedded in optical microcavity. A hybrid polarization-spin controlled-NOT gate and a two-qubit controlled phase gate between NV centers in separated cavities are demonstrated in the weak-coupling regime without complex devices or interaction. The gates presented here are deterministic and can be applied directly to a variety of quantum information processing tasks. The feasibility analyses show that our schemes can be accomplished with high fidelity under current technologies and have wide potential applications in quantum communication and computation fields.
Schemes for implementing quantum cloning are proposed with nitrogen-vacancy (N-V) centers in diamond confined in separated microtoroidal resonators via a single-photon input–output process and linear optics. By properly arranging and adjusting the linear optical elements to control the interaction between photons and N-V centers, we realize quantum cloning transformations, including the optimal symmetric 1→2 universal, phase-covariant, and 1→M economical phase-covariant ones. In these schemes, photons are used as data buses and information is copied from one N-V center to the other. We also discuss the cloning fidelities and dissipative effects. The results show that the present schemes are robust under the current experimental conditions.
We propose effective W-state fusion schemes for nonlocal electron-spin states and photon states by using the nitrogen-vacancy centers defect in diamond coupled to microtoroidal resonators. Using these schemes, a (m+n-1)-qubit W state can be obtained by fusing n-qubit and m-qubit W states (m, n ≥ 2), which means these schemes are applicable to create arbitrary scale W states with Bell states as the initial resource. The construction of these schemes is very compact and simple compared with the previous logical-gate-based fusion schemes. We analyze the feasibility and evaluate the optimal resource cost of the schemes, which shows that the present schemes can be realized with high fidelities and less resource cost than the previous schemes. Our schemes may be significant for the large-scale solid-state-based entanglement generation and for photon-qubit-based quantum information processing tasks.
We propose a potentially practical scheme to entangle negatively charged nitrogen-vacancy (N-VVV) centers in distant diamonds. Each diamond is supposed to be fixed on the exterior surface of a microtoroidal resonator, and the single-photon input-output process---a currently available technique---could entangle separate N-VVV centers in a scalable fashion. The feasibility of our scheme and the experimental challenge are discussed by considering currently available techniques for qualified N-VVV centers and cavities.
We present two efficient schemes for the deterministic generation and the complete nondestructive analysis of hyperentangled Bell states in both the polarization and spatial-mode degrees of freedom (DOF) of two-photon systems, assisted by the nitrogen-vacancy (NV) centers in diamonds coupled to microtoroidal resonators as a result of cavity quantum electrodynamics. With the input-output process of photons, two-photon polarization-spatial hyperentangled Bell states can be generated in a deterministic way and their complete nondestructive analysis can be achieved. These schemes can be generalized to generate and analyze hyperentangled Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger states of multiphoton systems as well. Compared with previous works, these two schemes relax the difficulty of their implementation in experiment as it is not difficult to obtain the $\ensuremath{\pi}$ phase shift in single-sided NV-cavity systems. Moreover, our schemes do not require that the transmission for the uncoupled cavity is balanceable with the reflectance for the coupled cavity. Our calculations show that these schemes can reach a high fidelity and efficiency with current technology, which may be a benefit to long-distance high-capacity quantum communication with two DOF of photon systems.