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Diamond and Related Materials

NV− center in natural diamonds: Optically detected magnetic resonance study

S. V. Titkov, V. V. Yakovleva, Ilia D. Breev, R. A. Babunts, P. G. Baranov, Н. С. Бортников

Published Apr 24, 2023• 15 citations
Publisher
DOI
10.1016/j.diamond.2023.109938

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Abstract Optically detected magnetic resonance (ODMR) is a way to characterize the ensemble of NV − centers. Recently, a remarkably sharp dip was observed in the ODMR with a high-density ensemble of NV centers. The model (Zhu et al 2014 Nat. Commun . 5 3424) indicated that such a dip was due to the spin-1 properties of the NV − centers. Here, we present many more details of the analysis to show how this model can be applied to investigate the properties of the NV − centers. By using our model, we have reproduced the ODMR with and without applied external magnetic fields. Additionally, we investigate how the ODMR is affected by the typical parameters of the ensemble NV − centers such as strain distributions, inhomogeneous magnetic fields, and homogeneous broadening width. Our model provides a way to characterize the NV − center from the ODMR, which would be crucial to realize diamond-based quantum information processing.
The nitrogen-vacancy (NV) center in diamond has attracted considerable attention as a highly sensitive quantum sensor that can operate at room temperature. In particular, continuous-wave optically detected magnetic resonance (CW-ODMR) is promising for a wide range of applications because of its simplicity. However, conventional AC magnetic-field sensing schemes based on CW-ODMR suffer from a limited detection bandwidth: the detectable frequency is either fixed by intrinsic physical parameters of the NV center or, even when tunable, restricted to a narrow range of only a few MHz. Here, we propose a broadband AC magnetometry scheme based on CW-ODMR with NV centers using microwave-driven dressed states.Through theoretical analysis and numerical simulations, we show that the proposed scheme enables the detection of AC magnetic fields with frequencies up to the order of 100 MHz, which has been difficult to achieve using conventional CW-ODMR-based methods.
We study the contrast for electrical and optical readout of NV centers in diamond in dependence of the optical excitation wavelength using different excitation schemes. While the optically detected magnetic resonance (ODMR) works efficiently between 480 and 580 nm, electrically detected magnetic resonance (EDMR) shows a strong dependence on the excitation dynamics. The highest, electrically detected contrast of -23% is achieved by resonantly exciting the zero-phonon line of the neutral charge state of NV at 575 nm. EDMR is also enhanced at 521 nm, possibly due to a further excited state of NV−^-−.