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Topical Meeting on Optical Bistability (OB)

Biexcitonic Nonlinearity in GaAs/GaAIAs Quantum Wells and Wires

L. Bányai, Ian Galbraith, H. Haug

Published Jan 1, 1988• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

Recent theoretical calculations predict a large biexcitonic binding energy in both GaAs/GaAIAs quantum well wires (QWWs)1 and quantum wells (QWs)2,3 and we examine whether this gives rise to a large, exploitable, nonlinearity around the biexciton resonance.
DOI
10.1364/obi.1988.fa.6

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Exciton and biexciton biding energies and wave functions are calculated variationally for rectangular GaAs quantum well wires in an effective mass approximation. Coulomb interaction terms are treated exactly in their full three-dimensional form throughout the calculation, a more physically realistic procedure than employed in previous calculations that used effective one-dimensional potentials. Our treatment is unique in the use of a two-dimensional Fourier expansion of the Coulomb potential, that removes the difficulty of dealing with the 1/r singularity and considerably reduces the computational effort. Using the results of exciton and biexciton calculations and following the approach of T. Ishihara [Phys. Status Solidi 159, 371 (1990)] in order to eliminate the dimensional dependence of the third-order nonlinear optical susceptibility χ(3), we estimate its magnitude for near-resonant excitonic absorption. We obtain χ(3)’s on the order of 10−1–1 esu for various wire sizes.
We present a model for the nonlinear optical response of quantum wells, which includes biexcitons. We show that within this model, the interaction of two laser pulses, mediated by the nonlinear susceptibility, results in oscillations and in coupling between ${\mathrm{\ensuremath{\sigma}}}^{+}$ and ${\mathrm{\ensuremath{\sigma}}}^{\mathrm{\ensuremath{-}}}$ excitons. This explains the temporal behavior of the differential absorption and four-wave mixing in recent experiments [Phys. Rev. Lett. 68, 349 (1992); 68, 1880 (1992)]. The oscillations have a frequency equal to the biexciton binding energy, and are different from known interference and quantum beat phenomena.