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Preparation of Squeezed Light with Low Average Photon Number Based on Dynamic Casimir Effect

Na Li, Zijian Lin, Meisong Wei, Mingjie Liao, Jingping Xu, San-Huang Ke, Yaping Yang

Published Jan 1, 2023• 0 citations
Publisher
DOI
10.2139/ssrn.4348879

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It is well known that squeezed states can be produced by nonlinear optical processes, such as parametric amplification and four wave mixing, in which two photons are created or annihilated simultaneously. Since the Hamiltonian of the dynamic Casimir effect contains a 2 and a +2, photons in such a process are also generated or annihilated in pairs. Here we propose to get squeezed light through the dynamic Casimir effect. Specifically, we demonstrate it from the full quantum perspective and the semiclassical perspective successively. Different from previous work, we focus on generating squeezed states with the lowest average photon number, because such squeezed states have better quantum properties. For the full quantum picture, that is, phonons also have quantum properties, when the system is initially in the excited state of phonons, squeezed light cannot be generated during the evolution, but the light field can collapse to the squeezed state by measuring the state of phonons. When the phonon is treated as a classical quantity, that is, the cavity wall is continuously driven, squeezed light with the minimum average photon number will be generated in the case of off-resonance. This will play a positive role in better regulating the photon state generated by the dynamic Casimir system in the future.
The antidynamical Casimir effect (ADCE) is a term coined to designate the coherent annihilation of excitations due to resonant external perturbation of system parameters, allowing for extraction of quantum work from nonvacuum states of some field. Originally proposed for a two-level atom (qubit) coupled to a single-cavity mode in the context of the nonstationary quantum Rabi model, it suffered from a very low transition rate and correspondingly narrow resonance linewidth. In this paper we show analytically and numerically that the ADCE rate can be increased by at least one order of magnitude by replacing the qubit by an artificial three-level atom (qutrit) in a properly chosen configuration. For the cavity thermal state we demonstrate that the dynamics of the average photon number and atomic excitation is completely different from the qubit's case, while the behavior of the total number of excitations is qualitatively similar yet significantly faster.
Abstract Using two different schemes, a non-classical-squeezed state of light is detected and characterized. In the first scheme, in a one-dimensional cavity with a moving mirror (non-stationary Casimir effect) in the principal mode, we study the photon generation rate for two modes (squeezed and coherent state) of a driving field. Since the cavity with the moving mirror (similar to an optomechanical system) can be considered an analogue to a Kerr-like medium, in the second scheme, the probability amplitude for multi-photon absorption in a nonlinear (Kerr) medium will be quantum mechanically calculated. It is shown that because of the presence of nonlinear effects, the responses of these two systems to the squeezed versus coherent state are considerably distinguishable. The drastic difference between the results of these two states of light can be viewed as a proposal for detecting non-classical states.