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IET Quantum Communication

Multi‐hop teleportation of arbitrary multi‐qudit states based on d ‐level GHZ channels

Yi Ding, Min Jiang

Published Jan 27, 2023• 3 citations
Publisher

Abstract

Abstract The combination of quantum communication technology and wireless networks brings a flexible and secure communication method that adapts to a more complex and open network environment. A new multi‐hop teleportation scheme is investigated for transferring arbitrary unknown multi‐qudit states between two distant parties. Based on a more general quantum routing protocol, intermediate nodes are introduced and linked with each other via d ‐level entangled Greenberger‐Horne‐Zeilinger states as quantum channels. In this multi‐hop teleportation protocol, the source node and all the intermediate nodes can perform the entanglement measurement and transmit the measurement results simultaneously, thus reducing the time consumption largely. Furthermore, a general matrix formula is derived between the measurement results and the receiver's state, which enables the receiver to restore the unknown state efficiently. Compared with previous multi‐hop teleportation protocols, the teleportation protocol of arbitrary unknown multi‐qudit states of the authors can transfer more information, and it demonstrates lower computational complexity and higher flexibility.

DOI
10.1049/qtc2.12052

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Abstract The combination of quantum communication technology and wireless networks brings a flexible and secure communication method that adapts to a more complex and open network environment. A new multi‐hop teleportation scheme is investigated for transferring arbitrary unknown multi‐qudit states between two distant parties. Based on a more general quantum routing protocol, intermediate nodes are introduced and linked with each other via d ‐level entangled Greenberger‐Horne‐Zeilinger states as quantum channels. In this multi‐hop teleportation protocol, the source node and all the intermediate nodes can perform the entanglement measurement and transmit the measurement results simultaneously, thus reducing the time consumption largely. Furthermore, a general matrix formula is derived between the measurement results and the receiver's state, which enables the receiver to restore the unknown state efficiently. Compared with previous multi‐hop teleportation protocols, the teleportation protocol of arbitrary unknown multi‐qudit states of the authors can transfer more information, and it demonstrates lower computational complexity and higher flexibility.
The combination of quantum communication technology and wireless networks brings a flexible and secure communication method, which adapts to a more complex network environment. In this paper, a new multi-hop teleportation scheme is investigated for transferring an unknown qutrit state between distant parties. The intermediate nodes are introduced and linked with each other via partially entangled Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger (GHZ) states as quantum channels. In this multi-hop teleportation protocol, the source node and all the intermediate nodes can perform the entanglement measurement and transmit the measurement results simultaneously. Furthermore, we find the relationship between the measurement results and the receiver’s state, which is given as the matrix form. Compared with previous protocols for multi-hop transmission, our scheme can reduce the transmission delay and save the transmission overhead.
Abstract A scheme for the multihop non‐destructive teleportation of an arbitrary single‐qudit state based on various non‐maximally entangled Greenberger–Horne–Zeilinger channels is proposed here. The parallel entanglement swap is used to form a direct d ‐dimensional () entangled channel shared between the sender and the receiver. The authors’ propose a novel idea that the third‐party Charlie with high quantum information processing technology executes the channel modulation, which reduces the technical requirements of the sender and the receiver. In addition, if the teleportation fails, the unknown state will be restored by the sender. This work provides a feasible method for teleportation and ensures the integrity of the unknown quantum information.
Abstract The transmission of quantum states over extended distances is constrained by photon losses, ruling out direct amplification akin to classical telecommunications due to the non-cloning theorem. Overcoming this challenge involves implementing quantum repeater protocols that leverage entanglement swapping to create long-distance entanglement from shorter distances. A novel multi-hop quantum teleportation scheme, blending concepts from quantum repeaters and teleportation, is under exploration. It aims to transfer arbitrary two-qubit states between two distant parties, even in the absence of a direct quantum channel. Intermediate nodes, connected via a four-qubit entangled cluster state as quantum channels, are introduced based on a more general routing protocol. Bell measurements are independently conducted by the source node (Alice) and all intermediate nodes, with simultaneous transmission of measurement results, significantly reducing time consumption. Determining the quantum state from Bell measurement results requires only the destination node (Bob) for a simple unitary transformation. Moreover, this protocol holds promise for implementation on the IBM Quantum Experience platform once the requisite quantum circuits are designed. This overview encompasses both the theoretical and simulated status of the proposed scheme, with simulated findings incorporated into quantum state tomography to verify the accuracy of the transmitted quantum state.
We propose a teleportation scheme for nondestructively transmitting an unknown qudit state between two remote communication parties that are linked by sequential Bell pairs. With independent and simultaneous entanglement swapping among the intermediate nodes, a direct entangled channel between the source node and the destination node is established. Our scheme preserves the initial unknown state even if the teleportation fails. Different nonmaximally entangled channels are distributed among the participants so that the quantum channel requirement is reduced. In addition, the communication delay is reduced significantly since the measuring and the transmitting are conducted simultaneously by the intermediate nodes.
Abstract The development of quantum communication technologies has made the efficient transmission and processing of quantum states increasingly important. This paper first introduces a traditional multi-hop quantum teleportation scheme based on simultaneous entanglement swapping(SES). In this scheme, different quantum channels are used for odd-hop and even-hop quantum teleportation, respectively. The specific quantum communication processes of two-hop, three-hop, and four-hop are introduced in turn, and the transmission law of n-hop quantum teleportation is summarized. On this basis, a multi-level hierarchical simultaneous entanglement swapping(MHSES) scheme for multi-hop quantum teleportation is further proposed, which is achieved by dividing the multi-hop quantum network into multiple segments with multiple levels of processing. In each level, the intermediate nodes only need to send the measurement results to the nodes at the end of the segment, thus greatly reducing the forwarding of classical information. IBM Qiskit was used to simulate the operation of these two schemes in ideal and noisy environments. Finally, the proposed scheme is compared with the existing conventional quantum teleportation schemes, and the results show that the proposed scheme achieves better results in terms of reduced classical resource consumption and reduced time delay.
Multi-hop teleportation is a quantum teleportation scheme for transferring quantum states on a large scale. In this paper, a new multi-hop teleportation protocol is investigated for transferring arbitrary N-qubit states between M-neighbor nodes. In this scheme, intermediate nodes are connected with each other by symmetric entangled Bell states as quantum channels. First, one-hop teleportation of single-qubit, two-qubit and N-qubit states are introduced, then this method is generalized to two-hop and multi-hop teleportation for N-qubit. Also, we calculate the efficiency of this scheme.