Abstract A scheme for the multihop non‐destructive teleportation of an arbitrary single‐qudit state based on various non‐maximally entangled Greenberger–Horne–Zeilinger channels is proposed here. The parallel entanglement swap is used to form a direct d ‐dimensional () entangled channel shared between the sender and the receiver. The authors’ propose a novel idea that the third‐party Charlie with high quantum information processing technology executes the channel modulation, which reduces the technical requirements of the sender and the receiver. In addition, if the teleportation fails, the unknown state will be restored by the sender. This work provides a feasible method for teleportation and ensures the integrity of the unknown quantum information.
Abstract A scheme for the multihop non‐destructive teleportation of an arbitrary single‐qudit state based on various non‐maximally entangled Greenberger–Horne–Zeilinger channels is proposed here. The parallel entanglement swap is used to form a direct d ‐dimensional () entangled channel shared between the sender and the receiver. The authors’ propose a novel idea that the third‐party Charlie with high quantum information processing technology executes the channel modulation, which reduces the technical requirements of the sender and the receiver. In addition, if the teleportation fails, the unknown state will be restored by the sender. This work provides a feasible method for teleportation and ensures the integrity of the unknown quantum information.
Abstract The combination of quantum communication technology and wireless networks brings a flexible and secure communication method that adapts to a more complex and open network environment. A new multi‐hop teleportation scheme is investigated for transferring arbitrary unknown multi‐qudit states between two distant parties. Based on a more general quantum routing protocol, intermediate nodes are introduced and linked with each other via d ‐level entangled Greenberger‐Horne‐Zeilinger states as quantum channels. In this multi‐hop teleportation protocol, the source node and all the intermediate nodes can perform the entanglement measurement and transmit the measurement results simultaneously, thus reducing the time consumption largely. Furthermore, a general matrix formula is derived between the measurement results and the receiver's state, which enables the receiver to restore the unknown state efficiently. Compared with previous multi‐hop teleportation protocols, the teleportation protocol of arbitrary unknown multi‐qudit states of the authors can transfer more information, and it demonstrates lower computational complexity and higher flexibility.
A general scheme for controlled teleportation of an arbitrary multi-qudit state with d -dimensional Greenberger–Horne–Zeilinger (GHZ) states is proposed. For an arbitrary m -qudit state, the sender Alice performs m generalized Bell-state projective measurements on her 2 m qudits and the controllers need only take some single-particle measurements. The receiver Charlie can reconstruct the unknown m -qudit state by performing some single-qudit unitary operations on her particles if she cooperates with all the controllers. As the quantum channel is a sequence of maximally entangled GHZ states, the intrinsic efficiency for qudits in this scheme approaches 100% in principle.
Abstract Quantum teleportation is one of the key technologies enabling long-distance quantum communication. However, the decoherence in realistic channels makes it difficult to maintain maximal entanglement. Furthermore, the capability to perform high-dimensional unitary operations poses a significant challenge, as not all the nodes in the quantum network possess this ability. Meanwhile, low transmission rates also hinder the development of quantum networks. We propose a flexible multi-hop non-destructive teleportation via non-maximally entangled GHZ channels, where the network is partitioned into upstream and downstream segments. Direct entanglement channels are established via simultaneous entanglement swapping and multi-level hierarchical swapping. Channel modulation is performed by the selected intermediate parties with high-dimensional operational capabilities and auxiliary particles. In this framework, the sender and the receiver are responsible only for information transmission, while other intermediate nodes perform only basic operations, such as Bell-state and Hadamard ( H ) measurements. In this scheme, any intermediate node possesses high-dimensional unitary operation capability, making the teleportation process flexible in terms of node deployment and operational responsibility, thereby reducing the requirements for the communication terminals.
In this paper, we propose a scheme for the multi-hop nondestructive teleportation of an arbitrary single-qudit state via channel modulation performed by one cloud node in a network. Considering the limited quantum technology of the sender, the receiver, and the ordinary intermediate nodes, we assume that there are certain cloud nodes in a quantum network equipped with quantum processing capability of performing high-dimensional multi-qudit unitary operations. In our scheme, N intermediate nodes, involving one cloud node and N − 1 ordinary relay nodes, are connected in a chain through N + 1 different non-maximally entangled Bell pairs. Our scheme reduces the hardware requirement of the terminals, which makes it more flexible and adaptable in a network. In addition, our scheme enables preservation of the original single-qudit state, even if the teleportation fails. Our finding provides a methodology for the multi-hop nondestructive teleportation in a network with limited technical processing capabilities of terminals.
In the past decades, various schemes of teleportation of quantum states through different types of quantum channels (a prior shared entangled state between the sender and the receiver), e.g. EPR pairs, generalized Bell states, qubit GHZ states, standard W states and its variations, genuine multiqubit entanglement states, etc., have been developed. Recently, three-qutrit quantum states and two-qudit quantum states have also been considered as quantum channels for teleportation. In this paper, we investigate the teleportation of an unknown qudit using a d level GHZ state, i.e. a three-qudit maximally entangled state, as quantum channel. We design a general scheme of faithful teleportation of an unknown qudit using a d-level GHZ state shared between the sender and the receiver, or among the sender, the receiver and the controller; an unknown two-qudit of Schmidt form using a d level GHZ state shared between the sender and the receiver; as well as an unknown arbitrary two-qudit using two shared d level GHZ states between the sender, the receiver and the controller, or using one shared d level GHZ state and one shared generalized Bell state. We obtain the general formulas of Alice's measurement basis, Charlie's measurement basis and Bob's unitary operations to recover the input state of Alice. It is intuitionistic to generalize the protocols of teleporting an arbitrary two-qudit state to teleporting an arbitrary n-qudit state.
The combination of quantum communication technology and wireless networks brings a flexible and secure communication method, which adapts to a more complex network environment. In this paper, a new multi-hop teleportation scheme is investigated for transferring an unknown qutrit state between distant parties. The intermediate nodes are introduced and linked with each other via partially entangled Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger (GHZ) states as quantum channels. In this multi-hop teleportation protocol, the source node and all the intermediate nodes can perform the entanglement measurement and transmit the measurement results simultaneously. Furthermore, we find the relationship between the measurement results and the receiver’s state, which is given as the matrix form. Compared with previous protocols for multi-hop transmission, our scheme can reduce the transmission delay and save the transmission overhead.