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Physical Review A

Observation of the transition from inverted coupled-resonator-induced transparency to inverted Autler-Townes splitting

Daiki Sugio, Takahiro Manabe, Keigo Nakamura, Takahiro Matsumoto, Makoto Tomita

Published Jan 20, 2023• 4 citations
Publisher

Abstract

Inverted coupled-resonator-induced transparency eliminates amplification as a result of destructive interference between two competing excitation pathways and induces a ``nonamplifying'' transparency window in an otherwise strongly amplifying spectral region. Using coupled ring resonators as a model system, we systematically examined the transition from inverted induced transparency to Autler-Townes splitting (ATS) by controlling the coupling strength between two resonators. The inverted induced transparency spectrum transitioned into different ATS spectra depending on the parameters of the resonators. We also examined the transition that occurs when the second resonator has gain. In this case, the system showed enhanced transparency, in which the intensity of the induced window was much greater than the incident laser level.

DOI
10.1103/physreva.107.013110

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Inverted coupled-resonator-induced transparency eliminates amplification as a result of destructive interference between two competing excitation pathways and induces a ``nonamplifying'' transparency window in an otherwise strongly amplifying spectral region. Using coupled ring resonators as a model system, we systematically examined the transition from inverted induced transparency to Autler-Townes splitting (ATS) by controlling the coupling strength between two resonators. The inverted induced transparency spectrum transitioned into different ATS spectra depending on the parameters of the resonators. We also examined the transition that occurs when the second resonator has gain. In this case, the system showed enhanced transparency, in which the intensity of the induced window was much greater than the incident laser level.
Electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) and Autler-Townes splitting (ATS) are two phenomena that can affect the transmission of a probe field in the presence of a stronger field, both yielding transparency in the absorption profile. Being able to discriminate these two similar but distinct phenomena is of vital importance. Here we propose a scheme to describe the EIT and ATS phenomena in a plasmonic system. The proposed system consists of one radiative resonator and one subradiant resonator in metal-insulator-metal waveguide, and the transition is observed from the ATS model to the EIT model through three qualitative regions as the coupling strength decreases. In addition, we apply the method proposed by Anisimov to the induced transparency spectrum in our model, and numerically discerning EIT from ATS based on the Akaike's information criterion in a clear way.
The inverted spectral structure of coupled-resonator-induced transparency was experimentally demonstrated using an amplifying optical ring resonator, to which another dark ring resonator was coupled. A nonamplifying spectral window was induced by the dark resonator in an otherwise strongly amplifying spectral region. Within the induced window, sharp anomalous dispersion was expected. Propagation of nearly Gaussian-shaped optical pulses was observed; the pulses propagated through the amplifying medium with a negative delay of $\ensuremath{-}$20.8 ns, without significant amplification, attenuation, or pulse deformation. The inverted induced-transparency system, producing tunable fast light, is a complementary system to traditional induced-transparency systems that produce slow light and could be potentially useful in numerous applications.
In this work, we report on experimentally discerning Autler–Townes splitting (ATS) from electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT). Our findings are based on a Ξ (ladder) transition 5S1/2→5P3/2→5D5/2 of 87Rb atoms under different laser detuning combinations. Based on the ratio of power levels of two individual and counter-propagating lasers through a room temperature Rb vapor cell, we experiment on two different categories of Ξ configuration: types I and II. For type I, 5P3/2→5D5/2 transition is strongly driven, and we observe EIT. Type II (5S1/2→5P3/2 strongly coupled) exhibits pure ATS. Under two different two-photon detuning conditions, ATS and EIT are studied. While ATS becomes stronger near exact two-photon resonance condition, the EIT weakens. This is supported by the analysis of blue light emanating from 5D5/2→6P3/2→5S1/2 decay. The complete opposite behavior of these two phenomena at exact two-photon resonance condition can be used to clearly discern EIT from ATS.
To distinguish the contributions of electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) and Autler-Townes splitting (ATS) in their applications in precision laser spectroscopy, we propose a real-imaginary spectrum decomposition method to investigate the transparency spectra in a four-level microwave (MW) dressed Rydberg system. We show that the opening transparency windows in the absorption spectra of probe field is a prominent character by EIT, EIT-ATS crossover, and ATS when the MW field is turned off and the intensity of the control field is adjusted. When the MW field is turned on and gradually increased, the EIT is destroyed and disappears. In addition, the most prominent characters that open a transparency window are the EIT-ATS crossover and the ATS. Then, if we further increase the intensity of the MW field, we find that the transparency windows open mainly due to the ATS. Compared to the previous considerations of this issue, which were limited to three-level systems, our four-level scheme reported here is useful for understanding the features of quantum interference in multilevel atomic systems, and has potential applications to study enhanced sensitivity, measurement spectroscopic, quantum processing, quantum communication, and transmission.
We report an experimental observation of Autler-Townes doublet splitting in electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) resonance. The splitting is introduced by a coherent microwave field, which perturbs a three-level A-type EIT system through an auxiliary level. The doublet splitting of EIT resonance is demonstrated in two cases, where the microwave field shares a common lower level with coupled or probe transition, respectively. The dependence of doublet splitting on microwave field intensity and detuning is measured. This may provide a feasible way of manipulating the atomic states with both laser and microwave field.
We investigate electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) and Autler-Townes splitting (ATS) in a driven three-level superconducting artificial system which is a dressed-state system resulting from the coupling of a superconducting charge qubit (an artificial atom) and a transmission line resonator. In the frame of the dressed-state approach and steady-state approximation, we study the linear absorption of the dressed artificial system to a weak probe signal in depth. In light of the spectrum-decomposition method and some other restrictions, we obtain the explicit conditions for the dressed-state realization of EIT and ATS and present a corresponding "phase diagram". In contrast to usual bare systems, these conditions given in the dressed system have an extra dependency on the qubit-resonator parameters. And by varying the qubit's Josephson coupling energy we demonstrate a transition from EIT to ATS.