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Optics Express

Discerning electromagnetically induced transparency from Autler-Townes splitting in plasmonic waveguide and coupled resonators system

Lingyan He, Tie-Jun Wang, Yong‐Pan Gao, Cong Cao, Chuan Xi Wang

Published Sep 2, 2015• 37 citations
Publisher

Abstract

Electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) and Autler-Townes splitting (ATS) are two phenomena that can affect the transmission of a probe field in the presence of a stronger field, both yielding transparency in the absorption profile. Being able to discriminate these two similar but distinct phenomena is of vital importance. Here we propose a scheme to describe the EIT and ATS phenomena in a plasmonic system. The proposed system consists of one radiative resonator and one subradiant resonator in metal-insulator-metal waveguide, and the transition is observed from the ATS model to the EIT model through three qualitative regions as the coupling strength decreases. In addition, we apply the method proposed by Anisimov to the induced transparency spectrum in our model, and numerically discerning EIT from ATS based on the Akaike's information criterion in a clear way.

DOI
10.1364/oe.23.023817

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Electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) and Autler-Townes splitting (ATS) are two phenomena that can affect the transmission of a probe field in the presence of a stronger field, both yielding transparency in the absorption profile. Being able to discriminate these two similar but distinct phenomena is of vital importance. Here we propose a scheme to describe the EIT and ATS phenomena in a plasmonic system. The proposed system consists of one radiative resonator and one subradiant resonator in metal-insulator-metal waveguide, and the transition is observed from the ATS model to the EIT model through three qualitative regions as the coupling strength decreases. In addition, we apply the method proposed by Anisimov to the induced transparency spectrum in our model, and numerically discerning EIT from ATS based on the Akaike's information criterion in a clear way.
In this paper, we quantitatively distinguish electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) and Autler–Townes splitting (ATS) in a photonic crystal nanobeam cavity (PCNC)-waveguide coupled system. Akaike’s information criterion (AIC) is applied to calculate the two effects’ respective weights in the simulated transmission spectra. EIT and ATS are two phenomena that both have a transparent window in the transmission caused by different mechanisms in the atomic system. It’s difficult to distinguish these two phenomena directly from the spectrum. AIC provides a measurement distinguishing the two effects in the atomic, plasmonic, optomechanical system, etc. Based on the temporal coupled-mode theory, the theoretical model of the structure is established, and the transmission formula is deduced. Distance between the PCNC and the waveguide is varied to further explore the factors affecting the weights. The study shows great potential in precisely and quantitatively evaluating the interference of fields in future optical on-chip integration design.
Autler-Townes splitting (ATS) and electromagnetically-induced transparency (EIT) both yield transparency in an absorption profile, but only EIT yields strong transparency for a weak pump field due to Fano interference. Empirically discriminating EIT from ATS is important but so far has been subjective. We introduce an objective method, based on Akaike's information criterion, to test ATS vs. EIT from experimental data and determine which pertains. We apply our method to a recently reported induced-transparency experiment in superconducting circuit quantum electrodynamics.
Autler-Townes splitting (ATS) and electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) both yield transparency in an absorption profile, but only EIT yields strong transparency for a weak pump field due to Fano interference. Empirically discriminating EIT from ATS is important but so far has been subjective. We introduce an objective method, based on Akaike's information criterion, to test ATS vs EIT from experimental data for three-level atomic systems and determine which pertains. We apply our method to a recently reported induced-transparency experiment in superconducting-circuit quantum electrodynamics.
Two phenomena can affect the transmission of a probe field through an absorbing medium in the presence of an additional field: electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) and Autler-Townes splitting (ATS). Being able to discriminate between the two is important for various practical applications. Here we present an experimental investigation into a method that allows for such a disambiguation as proposed by Anisimov, Dowling, and Sanders in Phys. Rev. Lett. 107, 163604 (2011). We apply the proposed test based on Akaike's information criterion to a coherently driven ensemble of cold cesium atoms and find a good agreement with theoretical predictions, therefore demonstrating the suitability of the method. Beyond the applicability of the test, our results demonstrate that the transition features are highly sensitive to the properties of the medium under study, potentially providing a practical characterizing tool for complex systems.
Electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) and Autler–Townes splitting (ATS) are generally characterized and distinguished by the width of the transparency created in the absorption profile of a weak probe in presence of a strong control field. This often leads to ambiguities, as both phenomena yield similar spectroscopic signatures. However, an objective method based on Akaike’s information criterion (AIC) test offers a quantitative way to discern the two regimes when applied on the probe absorption profile. The obtained transition value of control field strength was found to be higher than the value given by pole analysis of the corresponding off-diagonal density matrix element. By contrast, we apply the test on ground state coherence and the measured coherence quantifier, which yields a distinct transition point around the predicted value even in presence of noise. Our test accurately captures the transition between two regimes, indicating that a proper measure of coherence is essential for making such distinctions.