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AIP Advances

A method for loading magneto-optical trap in an ultrahigh vacuum environment

Kavish Bhardwaj, Sourabh Sarkar, Surjya Prakash Ram, Vibhuti Bhushan Tiwari, Satya Ram Mishra

Published Jan 1, 2023• 6 citations
Publisher

Abstract

We have developed a method that enables loading a magneto-optical trap (MOT) in an ultrahigh vacuum environment. Nearly 1.0 × 108 atoms of 87Rb are trapped in the MOT at ∼2.0×10−10 Torr base pressure in the chamber. After the MOT loading, we have successfully demonstrated the working of a quadrupole magnetic trap in this chamber with a lifetime of ∼15 s.

DOI
10.1063/5.0106398

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Abstract Here, we report our studies on the continuous loading of a U-magneto-optical trap (U-MOT) on an atom-chip with a rubidium-(Rb)-vapor-generated background using a dispenser source in an ultra high vacuum environment. Using the U-MOT loading curves, the partial pressure due to the Rb vapor and the pressure due to the background gas have been estimated near the MOT cloud position. The estimated pressure due to the Rb vapor increased from ∼ Torr to Torr as the Rb-dispenser current was increased from 2.8 to 3.4 A. The increase in dispenser current also resulted in a decrease in loading time as well as the lifetime of the MOT cloud. This study will be useful for magnetic trapping experiments where accurate information of the pressure in a chamber is important for the lifetime of the magnetic trap.

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Abstract Here, we present studies on pulsed loading of a rubidium (Rb) magneto-optical trap (MOT) in an ultra-high vacuum (UHV) environment on an atom chip. We have used a parallel combination of Rb dispensers for better heat dissipation to achieve fast UHV recovery in the chamber after the end of the current pulse to the dispensers. We have estimated the threshold heat energy required for activation of the dispensers for different values of current pulses. Although a pulse with a higher current value and shorter duration has a lower threshold heat energy, we operated the dispensers at moderate current pulse parameters (24 A, 10 s) for protection of the circuits. Nearly, 3 × 10 7 cold 87 Rb atoms were loaded in the MOT using this current pulse, with a UHV recovery time of ∼600 ms in the chamber. This fast recovery of UHV in the MOT chamber is useful for further experiments such as magnetic trapping and evaporative cooling of atoms in the same chamber.

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Magnetic transport of trapped cold atoms over a large distance

Markus Greiner, Immanuel Bloch, Theodor W. Hänsch +1 more

We report the transport of magnetically trapped cold atoms over a large distance. Atoms are captured in a magneto-optical trap (MOT) and loaded into a magnetic quadrupole trap. The quadrupole potential is then moved over a distance of 33 cm into an ultra-high-vacuum (UHV) chamber using a chain of quadrupole coils. By running suitable currents through the quadrupole coil pairs the trapping geometry of the potential is maintained during the transport process, thus minimizing heating of the trapped atom cloud. Magnetically trapped ${}^{87}\mathrm{Rb}$ atoms at an initial temperature of $T=125 \ensuremath{\mu}\mathrm{K}$ were heated by less than $20 \ensuremath{\mu}\mathrm{K}$ during the transport process, and up to ${10}^{9}$ atoms were transferred into the UHV chamber. Due to the spatial separation of the final magnetic trap and the MOT we have been able to capture atoms in the MOT, while storing magnetically trapped atoms in the UHV chamber.

Physical Review A•Feb 9, 2001•172 citations
We have developed a method that enables loading a magneto-optical trap (MOT) in an ultrahigh vacuum environment. Nearly 1.0 × 108 atoms of 87Rb are trapped in the MOT at ∼2.0×10−10 Torr base pressure in the chamber. After the MOT loading, we have successfully demonstrated the working of a quadrupole magnetic trap in this chamber with a lifetime of ∼15 s.
We have developed a compact setup which enables loading a magneto-optical trap (MOT) in ultra-high vacuum (UHV) environment. Nearly 1×1081 \times 10^{8}1×108 atoms of 87Rb^{87}Rb87Rb are trapped in the MOT at ∼2×10−10\sim 2 \times 10^{-10}∼2×10−10 Torr base pressure in the chamber. After the MOT loading, we have successfully demonstrated working of quadrupole magnetic trap in this chamber with a lifetime of $\sim 8 $ s
Abstract Here, we report our studies on the continuous loading of a U-magneto-optical trap (U-MOT) on an atom-chip with a rubidium-(Rb)-vapor-generated background using a dispenser source in an ultra high vacuum environment. Using the U-MOT loading curves, the partial pressure due to the Rb vapor and the pressure due to the background gas have been estimated near the MOT cloud position. The estimated pressure due to the Rb vapor increased from ∼ Torr to Torr as the Rb-dispenser current was increased from 2.8 to 3.4 A. The increase in dispenser current also resulted in a decrease in loading time as well as the lifetime of the MOT cloud. This study will be useful for magnetic trapping experiments where accurate information of the pressure in a chamber is important for the lifetime of the magnetic trap.
Various regimes of the loading of a magneto-optical trap formed near an atom chip, such as loading from thermal atomic vapors and from a low-velocity atomic beam, have been studied on an example of 87Rb atoms. The possibility of controlling the loading of the magneto-optical trap by spatially controlling the atomic beam has been demonstrated. This has made it possible to increase the loading rate of atoms into the magneto-optical trap with keeping ultrahigh vacuum near the atom chip. The maximum number of atoms in the magneto-optical trap at optimal loading regimes is 4.9 × 107. In this case, the measured lifetime of atoms in the magneto-optical trap is 4.1 s.
This study presents investigations on pulsed loading of a magneto-optical trap (MOT) on an atom chip in an UHV environment. Using three parallel resistively heated Rb-metal dispensers activated by pulsed current supply, approximately 3.0 ×\times× 10710^{7}107 cold 87Rb^{87}Rb87Rb atoms were loaded into the MOT. A current pulse of ∼\sim∼ 24 A with duration of ∼\sim∼ 10 s raised the pressure in the chamber from 2.0 ×\times× 10−1010^{-10}10−10 Torr to 3.3 ×\times× 10−1010^{-10}10−10 Torr. Remarkably, the pressure recovery time after switching off the dispensers current was found to be ∼\sim∼ 600 ms, making a significant advancement in achieving fast recovery of UHV environment surrounding the MOT region. This study is very useful for laser cooling and magnetic trapping / evaporative cooling of atoms on atom chip in the same UHV chamber.
Abstract Here, we present studies on pulsed loading of a rubidium (Rb) magneto-optical trap (MOT) in an ultra-high vacuum (UHV) environment on an atom chip. We have used a parallel combination of Rb dispensers for better heat dissipation to achieve fast UHV recovery in the chamber after the end of the current pulse to the dispensers. We have estimated the threshold heat energy required for activation of the dispensers for different values of current pulses. Although a pulse with a higher current value and shorter duration has a lower threshold heat energy, we operated the dispensers at moderate current pulse parameters (24 A, 10 s) for protection of the circuits. Nearly, 3 × 10 7 cold 87 Rb atoms were loaded in the MOT using this current pulse, with a UHV recovery time of ∼600 ms in the chamber. This fast recovery of UHV in the MOT chamber is useful for further experiments such as magnetic trapping and evaporative cooling of atoms in the same chamber.
We report the transport of magnetically trapped cold atoms over a large distance. Atoms are captured in a magneto-optical trap (MOT) and loaded into a magnetic quadrupole trap. The quadrupole potential is then moved over a distance of 33 cm into an ultra-high-vacuum (UHV) chamber using a chain of quadrupole coils. By running suitable currents through the quadrupole coil pairs the trapping geometry of the potential is maintained during the transport process, thus minimizing heating of the trapped atom cloud. Magnetically trapped 87Rb{}^{87}\mathrm{Rb}87Rb atoms at an initial temperature of $T=125 \ensuremath{\mu}\mathrm{K}$ were heated by less than $20 \ensuremath{\mu}\mathrm{K}$ during the transport process, and up to 109{10}^{9}109 atoms were transferred into the UHV chamber. Due to the spatial separation of the final magnetic trap and the MOT we have been able to capture atoms in the MOT, while storing magnetically trapped atoms in the UHV chamber.