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Journal of Physics Conference Series

Development of low power and high voltage RF signal generator

Man Wang, Tianhong Zhou, Jie Shen

Published Nov 1, 2022• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

Abstract Ion confinement technology can be widely used in quantum computation and precision measurement. In ion trapping system, ions are stably trapped in ion trap by the action of external forces.Multi-ion confinement requires the joint action of electric field and magnetic field to make the trapped ions overcome the interaction force between ions and be stably confined in the same specific space. Therefore, the stability of the electric force and the magnetic force determines the stability of ion confinement. Although the electric field and magnetic field provided by traditional commercial instruments is stable, it is not conducive to the miniaturization of the device. According to the previous experiment of ion confinement, we have designed a radio frequency(RF) signal generator that can provide continuous low power and stable high voltage RF electric field for multi-ion confinement system to guarantee the stability of trapped ions in quadrupole linear ion trap, also to improve the tapped ions density.

DOI
10.1088/1742-6596/2387/1/012014

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Abstract Ion confinement technology can be widely used in quantum computation and precision measurement. In ion trapping system, ions are stably trapped in ion trap by the action of external forces.Multi-ion confinement requires the joint action of electric field and magnetic field to make the trapped ions overcome the interaction force between ions and be stably confined in the same specific space. Therefore, the stability of the electric force and the magnetic force determines the stability of ion confinement. Although the electric field and magnetic field provided by traditional commercial instruments is stable, it is not conducive to the miniaturization of the device. According to the previous experiment of ion confinement, we have designed a radio frequency(RF) signal generator that can provide continuous low power and stable high voltage RF electric field for multi-ion confinement system to guarantee the stability of trapped ions in quadrupole linear ion trap, also to improve the tapped ions density.
Abstract The radiofrequency imprisoned ion system can isolate the coupling effect between ion and environment, and is helpful to the precise control of ion quantum state, which is an ideal candidate system for new atomic clocks. In this paper, the coupling effect between imprisoned ion and RF potential field is quantitatively studied by using finite element numerical analysis method. The coupling process of ion and RF phase is established, and the unsteady dynamic process of ion capture is analyzed. The influence of radio frequency amplitude on ion trapping ability and the reasonable range of radio frequency parameters conducive to ion stable confinement are studied. This method can be widely used in the study of ion trap structure and electromagnetic field parameter optimization in the fields of imprisoned ion frequency scale and quantum computing, and is helpful to the development of highly coherent quantum systems.
We report a simple, efficient, high voltage radio frequency (RF) generator powered by a single voltage source (1.5-7 V) to resonantly drive ion traps or other capacitive loads. Our circuit is able to deliver RF voltages > 500 V(p-p) at frequencies ranging from 0.1 to 10 MHz. This RF oscillator uses low-cost, commercially available components, and can be easily assembled onto a circuit board of a few cm(2). Because of its simplicity and good efficiency, this circuit is useful in applications requiring small size and low power consumption such as portable ion trap systems where the duration of operation under battery power is of concern.
This thesis describes an ion trap magnetometer, in which experimental hardware and theory for trapped ion magnetometry has been developed and demonstrated. Quantum magnetometry has been a fast expanding field in recent years due to the plethora of military, medical and security applications. The current quantum magnetometer literature has shown great improvements on the standard magnetometer success metrics such as sensitivity, spacial resolution, frequency tuneability, noise shielding and vector field resolution. Ion trap magnetometry could potentially boast several advantages over some of the better established methods such as, nano-meter spatial resolution, broadband tuneability over radio-frequency (RF) and microwave frequencies, and magnetic field noise shielding and sensitivity improvements through dynamic decoupling methods; all in room temperature environments. The experimental setup discussed uses a micro-fabricated Paul trap for ion confinement due to the scalability of this technology. The method for sensing that was demonstrated utilises long-wavelength radiation dressed states to extend the coherence time of a single 171Yb+ ion beyond the bare states and to allow for a high level of frequency tuneability. The coherence times measured were T2 = 0:645 s for RF field sensing at 15.616 MHz and T2 = 1.153 s for microwave field sensing at 12.658466 GHz. Sensitivities of SB = 125.857 ± 26.155 pT/ vHz for RF magnetic fields and SB = 102.054 ± 11.046 pT/ vHz for microwave magnetic fields were achieved experimentally. A novel micro-fabricated Paul trap for trapping multiple ion clusters was developed to improve sensitivity values by increasing the total number of trapped ions. The design confines ions over a two-dimensional surface spanning 0.65 x 1.00 mm which would also allow for magnetic field gradient measurements. Efforts have been made to miniaturise certain experimental hardware to further the development of portable trapped ion experiments. For this, a miniaturised RF resonator that could be used for radial confinement of ions within Paul traps has been developed. At the current stage of development it is capable of applying a peak RF voltage of 114.9 V with a Q value of 70 at a resonant frequency of O/2p = 12.65 MHz.
Trapped-ion qubits are one approach among many for achieving scalable quantum computers. An ion trap has to be operated with several dc and radio frequency (rf) signals to trap and control its qubits. Many ion trap setups are operated at cryogenic temperatures to reduce thermal influences, to reach very high vacuum, and to achieve high fidelity for quantum operations. A resonance circuit, consisting of a coil and the capacitance of the trap electrodes, is used to step-up a low power rf signal to high amplitudes in close proximity to the ion trap. These ac fields are used to confine ions70 μm70 \,{\rm \mu }\mathrm{m}70μmabove a surface ion trap chip. An increased quality factor (Q-factor) of the resonance circuit leads to a higher voltage gain, but the experiment also benefits from a better attenuation of parasitic frequency components in the confining electric field. The Q-factor is inversely proportional to the trap capacitance. Since ion traps are growing in size due to a larger number of qubits, the capacitance is increasing. Therefore, the development of a coil with low losses becomes even more important. In this work, we present the setup of a superconducting coil for a high-Q resonator, measurements of the Q-factor, and its temperature dependency. The coil is made of a niobium-titanium (NbTi) wire wound on a threaded bobbin made of ceramics and equipped with further thermalization structures. The superconducting resonator is a very promising approach to satisfy the needs for future trapped-ion quantum computing setups.
We report on development of a miniature linear rf ion trap and preliminary efforts to trap and laser-cool {sup 24}Mg{sup +} ions. This trap has a radial dimension of 50 {mu}m, one tenth the size of our previous trap. The rms confinement of a trapped ion scales as R{sup -2}, where R is the trap radius, so tight confinement of ions is possible at a modest rf voltage. Although the three-dimensional trapping potential for our trap cannot be calculated analytically, it can be described in terms of dimensionless parameters, measured by studying macroscopic charged particles in a much larger model of the trap. We expect that with this trap it will be possible to achieve secular frequencies high enough for resolved-sideband cooling of light ions using allowed dipole transitions. This will make it much easier to perform experiments on the quantum motion of trapped ions. This trap uses a two-wire design rather than the more common four-wire one, so the trap electrodes occlude a much smaller solid angle than either a four-wire linear trap or the more common quadrupole trap. Thus, it will be possible to couple optical devices, such as high-finesse cavities, much more efficiently to trapped ions.
We discuss a radio-frequency (rf) ion trap, the rotating-radio-frequency (rotating-rf) trap, in which the motion of a charged particle is described by trigonometric functions rather than the usual Mathieu functions of a normal rf trap. In the rotating-rf trap, a rotating quadrupole electric field confines charged particles, whereas in a normal rf trap, an oscillating quadrupole electric field does. Ion motion in a rotating-rf trap is a superposition of two nondegenerate circular secular motions and two corresponding circular micromotions. The cases of applying a uniform dc magnetic field or a quadrupole dc electric field in addition to the rotating-rf field are also discussed. Confinement in a rotating-rf trap can be tighter than in a normal linear rf trap with the same experimental parameter values.